Term
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Definition
| The 2 most serious forms of theft |
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Term
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Definition
| defined by the FBI as "the taking of or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or by threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear" |
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Term
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Definition
| robbery rates have been steadily ____ since 1990 |
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Term
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Definition
| (unarmed) an offender robs without the use of a weapon- much more dangerous than armed robbery. |
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Term
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Definition
| an offender displays a deadly weapon to carry out a robbery- more likely to be successful |
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Term
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Definition
1. more prevalent in street robberies than commercial robberies
2.the likelihood is reduced with gun use
3.probability increases with victim resistance |
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Term
| professional robbers (conklin) |
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Definition
| carefully plan and execute their crimes, exhibiting greater skill than others. Often operate with accomplices and commits to robbery as a lifestyle. |
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Term
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Definition
| most common. rob infrequently, choosing easy victims. -muggings |
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Term
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Definition
| defined as unlawful entry of a house, business, or other structure with the intent to commit a felony. -usually classified as either residential or commercial. |
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Term
| Difference between robbery and burglary |
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Definition
| whereas robbery entails theft through the threat or actual use of violence, for burglary to occur someone must actually enter a structure unlawfully with the intent to commit a felony.Burglary also rarely involves a direct, face to face confrontation between offender and victim. |
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Term
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Definition
| enter a structure when they "feel the need". their style of intrusion is unsophisticated. More interested in volume of burglaries than in quality, little planning is involved. Usually goods such as tvs, laptops, jewelry, and money. |
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Term
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Definition
| are specialists who use considerable skill and planning. Have external contacts about specific goods to steal, are systematic in their offenses, and plan their crimes carefully. |
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Term
| decision making strategy for burglars |
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Definition
1. can the residence be entered without the burglar's being seen and reported?
2. is the residence currently occupied?
3. can the residence be broken into easily? |
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Term
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Definition
the unlawful taking of property from the possession of someone other than one's employer. -nonoccupational theft
Does not involve the threat or actual use of force- with the exception of carjacking- |
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Term
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Definition
| the NCVS does not use the term larceny but rather _____. which refers to personal larcenies without contact. such as ____ of an umbrella from a restaurant. |
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Term
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Definition
1. shoplifting
2. motor vehicle theft
3. fraud |
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Term
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Definition
| theft of property from a retail store by "customers" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| steal merchandise to sell it |
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Term
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Definition
| steal for their own consumption |
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Term
| characteristics of boosters |
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Definition
1. work a large # of stores rather than a few large stores
2. use considerable planning and skill to execute their theft
3. steal only expensive merchandise
4. often easily 'fix' their cases if caught
5. use sophisticated methods for engaging in shoplifting |
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Term
| characteristics of snitches |
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Definition
1. respectable members of the community
2. do not think of themselves as criminals
3. have no criminal associations or connections
4. steal from a store when the opportunity arises
5. do not plan extensively but enter the store prepared to shoplift |
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Term
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Definition
| the unlawful taking of or attempting to take a motor vehicle, such as an automobile, a van, a truck, or motorcycle. |
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Definition
| most reported of all property crimes |
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Term
| reasons automobile thefts are highly reported |
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Definition
1. high value of vehicles
2. insurance requirements
3. assistance needed from police to recover stolen cars
4. high probability that stolen cars will be located3 |
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Term
| categories of automobile theft |
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Definition
1. joyriding
2. short-term transportation
3. long-term transportation
4. commission of another crime
5. profit |
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Term
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Definition
| the willful or malicious burning of a house, public building, motor vehicle, aircraft, or other property of another. |
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Term
| Arson most commonly occurs in |
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Definition
| the economically declining inner-city neighborhoods of big cities |
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Term
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Definition
1. crime concealment
2. revenge
2. vandalism
4. profit |
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Term
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Definition
| (Hirschi) based on the idea that it is better to look for the causes of conformity than for the causes of delinquency.Delinquency is an absence of the causes of conformity. |
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Term
| Social Control theory's 4 factors that bond individuals to society that affect whether individuals are law abiding or deviant |
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Definition
1. Attachment to parents, school, and peers
2. Commitment to conventional lines of action
3.involvement in conventional activities
4. belief |
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Term
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Definition
| does not exercise choice; his action is constrained and he must behave in a delinquent manner because of the determinants that have shaped him-- criminality is caused. |
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Term
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Definition
1. physical
2. sexual
3. emotional
4. neglect |
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Term
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Definition
1. cultural factors- aggression and domination inherent in culture
2. socio-economic- inequality creates conditions of violence
3. biological- high testosterone or low serotonin
4. evolutionary- behavioral adaptive strategy in a competitive society |
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