Term
| Defination of Social Control |
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Definition
Social process that regulates behavior / conduct of individuals and groups.
It is also the manner in which individuals are encouraged or required to adhere to the social norms
for ex dress, hygiene etc
THIS IS DIFFERENT FROm SELF Control
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Term
Formal social control
In formal social control
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Definition
FORMAL: actions/ law taken by the officials sanctioned agents . ex police, security, Person has fear of punishment
In formal:
actions taken by ordinary individuals for ex friends, colleagues. Person has fear of repecussions |
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Term
| What are the levels of informal social control |
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Definition
1) Private ( Family)
2) parochial ( Neighbours)
3) public ( Justice system)
How do they relate to each other?
These form of social control work interdependently |
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Term
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Definition
Control Theory that: focuses on the factors that restrain individuals from crime.
They argue that all people have needs and desires that are more easily satisfied through crime than through legal channels. For example, it is much easier to steal money than to work for it. So in the eyes of control theorists, crime requires no special explanation: it is often the most expedient way to get what one wants. Rather than explaining why people engage in crime, we need to explain why they do not.
Believe that all individuals are criminals.
Focuses on Bariers
Emphasizes socialization and supervion |
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Term
| Difference between control theory and Strain and social learning theory |
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Definition
Control theorist ask what stops individual from commiting crime
Wherease
Strain and social theorist ask what factors force / lead individual to commit crime. |
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Term
| Containment theory- by reckless |
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Definition
A control theory
states that human beings are subject to criminal behavior but can resist it because of inner and outer containment.
Inner control: Self control- individual can save him self from crime by control his impulses. Inner control more strong.
Outter control: Families peers.
If self control fears than families will restrain then from commiting crime. |
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Term
Travis Hirschi
What theory |
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Definition
General theory
Social Bond theory
a type of cotrol theory. We donot commit crime because we have a STRONG BOND to society.
STRONG BOND-no crime
WEAK BOND- Crime |
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Term
| Elements to social bond theory |
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Definition
Commitment= level of commitment an individual has to adhere norms by
Involvement :
attachment- desicribed as the level of values and norms individual holds in a society , parental figures.
belief.: chooce
Strong bond- less crime
weak bond more crime |
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Term
What is general theory
By HIRSCHI |
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Definition
people with low self control commit crime.
Self control is developed through childhood
people with low self control will get involved in criminal behavior over time.
essentially comes down to parenting
to teach self control parents much monitor child behavior, recongize deviant behavior and punish it to stop it. |
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Term
| COmpare containment theory and general theory |
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Definition
Containment thoery - talks about about inner control which is self control.
General theory says low self control leads to crime |
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Term
5 assumptions about criminal and deviant offences.
in general theory |
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Definition
1) Crime provides gratification
2) It is an easire path to gratification
3) it provides few or meager long term benefits
4) it is risky and thrilling
5
) requires little skill and planing. |
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Term
| What is age graded theory |
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Definition
Thoery by laub and sampson
outer control regulate the extent to which individual participate in crime.
controls vary in intensity
the 2 kids friends example |
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Term
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Definition
Man rational being that weighs out benefits etc.
individual will risk violating law consdiering his personal situations, situational factors and the seriousness of the punishment.
politically appealing->
the fact that why wasnt there deterrance present. |
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Term
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Definition
| Theories that explain deviance as behavior or idea produced in a subculture. |
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Term
| what are the 5 features of a subculture |
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Definition
1) Argot
2) Vocabulary of motives
3)Beliefs and norms
4) body langauge and clothing
5) mutually supporting networks |
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Term
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Definition
accroding to wolfgang and ferracuti
Violence is not cosidered bad, individuals donot feel guilty whne being violent.
They have an increase willingness to resort to violence.
learned process. |
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Term
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Definition
learn criminal behavior in interaction with others
3 theory
differential association
Social structure and social learnign theory
and
techniques of neutralization |
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Term
| Differential Assoication theory |
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Definition
Sutherland
1)Criminal behavior is learned
2) individuals learns criminal behavior through interaction with others
3) interaction takes place in small intimate groups
4) Individual learns both motives and techniques of crime
5)Specific directions of motives is learned from definations of legal cdes as favourable and unfavourable
The ratio of these definations seens as favourable and unfavourable determine criminal behavior
certain variables affect the impact of favourable and unfavorable definations they are:
frequency, duration, intensity and priority
learning criminal behavior is just like any other learning
criminal is not exceptional what he or she wants |
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