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Criminal Violence
Exam 2
83
Sociology
Undergraduate 3
10/11/2012

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Term
types of violence with strangers
Definition
homicide
assault
robbery
Term
simple assault
Definition
less likely to use weapon. injuries less serious. judge it on situation to situation basis.
Term
battery
Definition
intentional unconsented bodily contact.
Term
difference between battery and assault
Definition
battery is contact and assault is the attack
Term
most violent time of year
Definition
Saturday day in december. summer nights. more people are out and drinking.
Term
likely victims of robbery
Definition
male
young
black or hispanic
single (more often alone)
low income(less security and people more likely to be robbed near house because that is where they are most of the time)
well dressed and nervous fast walk
Term
when is it a robbery
Definition
judgement call on police on incident by incident basis, if violence was enough to constitute a robbery. for instances pick pockets are not considered robbery
Term
self protective behavior
Definition
is it better to resist robbery? 60percent tried to resist and only 20percent said it helped
Term
routine activities theory
Definition
for any crime to happen, 3 things:
motivated offender
suitable target
lack guardianship or people around to witness crime
Term
patterns of assaults
Definition
higher rates for black, Hispanics males and weapon used
Term
assault vs homicide
Definition
violence is the same but difference is in death of victim in homicide. with fatality more likely because of weapon. increase in 90s of homicide rate
Term
standard for violence
Definition
2 days of hospitalization
Term
majority of assaults are...
Definition
simple
Term
majority of aggravated assaults use...
Definition
weapon
Term
victim involvement
Definition
victim still involved in majority of violent acts
Term
reason for violence can respectable for sake of...
Definition
justice
Term
more crime in the same instance=more...
Definition
punishment. rape with murder is bumped to first degree murder. a person goes in knowing a murder could happen
Term
citizen homicide
Definition
isn't automatically excused must still go to court.
Term
types of multicide
Definition
serial murder-several victims over three of more separate incidents over weeks or longer
mass murder- more than four people in a location
spree murder- over short time with more than one location
Term
how do classifications of multicide help
Definition
help theorists in there study using there own set of terms to compare and contrast with other theorists
Term
reasons hard for cops to catch serial killers
Definition
hard to see pattern of murders especially when killer kills in different jurisdictions due to the way police systems are fragmented. man unidentified and missing victims.
Term
rate of multicide
Definition
3500-5000 death related to multicide a year
Term
amount of serial killers in u.s
Definition
35
Term
effects of media on amount of serial killers
Definition
make it seem like there is more
Term
types of serial murderers
Definition
visionaries
mission-oriented
hedonistic
power/control
Term
visionary serial murder
Definition
hear god telling them to kill and not able to sustain long sprees of killings
Term
serial killer demographics
Definition
middle aged white male with juvenile record or other assault record.
Term
serial killer trifecta
Definition
bed-wetting, pyromania, cruelty towards animals people tend to enjoy
Term
serial killer mind
Definition
dehumanizes victim so not to feel guilt. kill strangers so won't be identified. aware of right and wrong just don't care.
Term
mission serial killer
Definition
prostitutes don't deserve to live so must kill them to help society because of their belief system
Term
hedonist serial killer
Definition
kill for thrill and pleasure being profit or comfort or lust
Term
power/control serial killer
Definition
enjoy watching victim suffer and controlling when they die. most gruesome serial killer.
Term
amount and age of rape victim
(not sure if that important)
Definition
250,000 people age 12+ raped annually with some estimates going to 900,000
Term
deciding factor for rape
Definition
consent...and if not able to consent it is still rape
Term
most accurate stats of rape
Definition
national crime victimization survey
Term
age of consent in most places
Definition
17
Term
reason rape laws haven't changed over time
Definition
difficult to get accurate stats
Term
rape statistics
Definition
underrated. 6 time higher rate of women due to males not reporting. rape is higher for single poor young black with age drop for rate of rape at age 35
Term
rape reform laws
Definition
-replace a single code of rape with series of offenses, with neutral gender and relationship neutral
-eliminate requirement for showing resistance in form of physical abrasions
-eliminate requirement for victim to have a witness to the rape
-rape shield law, prior sex life cannot be used to justify defendant as more guilty
-allow for longer period of time to report rape incident
-not allowing judges to put ideas of victim's wavering honesty into their heads
Term
why family violence hidden
Definition
due to shame on family. if in small town no where for victim to retreat to
Term
family violence
Definition
includes elders and there caretakers
Term
abuse that isn't elder abuse
Definition
purse snatching
Term
elder abuse occurs by
Definition
physical abuse
psychological abuse
material/financial exploitation
neglect of care
Term
more elder abuse because...
Definition
elders living longer
Term
most difficult family violence to uncover due to...
Definition
elder's isolation and may not have someone on "outside" to be able to see the problem. they feel they are burden and ashamed they are getting victimized.
Term
adult protective services
Definition
program comes in and helps person when they can't take care of themselves and may do weekly checkups to make sure they are being properly cared for
Term
difficulty to calculate rates of child abuse
Definition
more difficult than intimate partner violence
Term
change in acceptable discipline for children
Definition
from more aggressive spanking to talking it out with changes based on culture and states
Term
rates of child abuse by gender
Definition
boys more apt to receive abuse than girls by either mom or dad. boys act out more are socialized to be more aggressive
Term
how define child abuse
Definition
how severe injury or assault. and intent of spanking must be in relation to parenting
Term
risk factors for physical child abuse
Definition
-child are "property"
-cycle of violence
-poverty
-lack of social support
-drug abuse
-bad bonding btw child and parent
-disability or health problems like premature birth
-postpartum depression
Term
most likely to kill kids
Definition
before age 6. and under 3 vulnerable to violence
Term
reason for one culture more violent than another on 12 year old
Definition
some places a child is defined as a child at different ages
Term
what was recognized before child abuse with organization
Definition
animal abuse
Term
percent of men vs women abused as child
Definition
16percent vs 20percent
Term
why do we find more cases of child abuse these days?
Definition
xrays able to show remnants of abuse long after surface abrasions fade
Term
percent of college women experiencing sexual attack
Definition
25
Term
college age sexual attacks
Definition
usually know the offender. drugs are there and happens in victims home. college women more likely to be out and around strangers more often.
Term
response to college rape
Definition
every college must publish annual security report which are crime stats
Term
clery act
Definition
response to college rape. basic rights of victims of sexual assault. more specific policies for sexual assault and prevention of college must be published
Term
why men raped more often
Definition
aren't expecting it
Term
why aren't reports posted for men
Definition
men are socialized to take care of themselves
Term
rule of thumb intimate partner violence
Definition
as long as stick to hit woman was thinner than the thumb, but woman aren't allowed to hit men
Term
1970s and 1980s and intimate partner violence
Definition
rarely make arrests for ipv
Term
only in past 30 years
Definition
has ipv been recognized as a social problem
Term
why ipv harder to detect
Definition
more private making intervention hard
Term
conflict with police and ipv
Definition
say social services should handle it and not police
Term
spousal abuse was once considered
Definition
husband's rite
Term
only about...report because of fear of offender retaliating
Definition
50percent
Term
percent of women and men on receiving end of ipv
Definition
22percent(women) and 7.4 percent(men)
Term
why percentages of ipv for men and women more similar
Definition
men don't report for shame and pride and because they may have hit first. and women can't hit as hard so there is no reason to report
Term
why female perpetrated homicide against intimate partners going declining
Definition
women have more shelters to go to and aren't pinned back in the corner so much. they actually have an option to leave rather than just fight back and kill
Term
black vs white women in relation to ipv
Definition
black women more aggressive and more likely to report to police
Term
risk factors for ipv
Definition
power and dominance from Patriarchy
poverty, stressful
alcohol use/binge drinking in particular
cycle of violence
Term
why some risk factors don't work for ipv
Definition
homosexuals do not have the power dynamic between the genders
Term
violence against women act
Definition
improve nature of response to this violence. like how to deal in court. lowering re arrest rates with mandatory arrest rates.
Term
how domestic violence is different
Definition
don't have to see it to make arrest
Term
bad things from mandatory arrest rate
Definition
offender angry from arrest and causes more violence. and usually make arrest of victim as well because hard to tell who is victim in first place so make dual arrest. more trivial arrests and so less people will actually call in the first place
Term
temporary restraining order
Definition
helps to stop abuse while victim is waiting for divorce or trial to go through.
Term
problems with temporary restraining order
Definition
hard to enforce because police have to see issue.
Term
why hard to estimate glbt relations
Definition
no national study . they don't even know how many actual relationships exist.
Term
what they do know about glbt relations
Definition
happens more between gay men
Term
problems for gay men and domestic violence
Definition
aren't allowed in women's shelter so where do they go
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