Term
| This bail is like a credit card. |
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Definition
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| Kelly Jones consigns all of his stock holdings to the court. This is the type of bail he posted. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sentencing practice specifies a sentencing range for each criminal offense? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Unreasonable searches and seizures are prohibited. |
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Term
| Cooperating with authorities, good character, and no prior record are examples of ____________ factors. |
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Definition
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Term
| The decision of jury reaches of guilty or not guilty is referred to as the ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| This type of challenge argues that an individual juror cannot be fair or impartial and is unlimited in number. |
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Definition
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Term
| Probation is ordered by _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ is also called house arrest. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which U.S. Supreme court case was responsible for the creation of the exclusionary rule? |
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Definition
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Term
| Graham v. Connor deals with what police issue? |
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Definition
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Term
| The process of weighing the evidence, discussing the case, and coming to a decision is called ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What civil lawsuit can only be brought against individuals, not the agency or the government as a whole? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is any police-initiated action that relies on ethnicity, or national origin, rather than the behavior of the individual or information that leads police to an individual suspected of wrong-doing? |
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Definition
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Term
| In 2003 the U.S. Department of Justice banned racial profiling in all federal law enforcement agencies except in the cases of _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| When was the National Police Officer's memorial unveiled to the public? |
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Definition
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Term
| Racial profiling is the same as psychological profiling. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| A subject resist by pulling away when an officer grabs his arm. What level of resistance is he displaying? |
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Definition
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Term
| The subject is not willing to comply with the officer's verbal commands and makes threatening statements to the officer. What level of resistance is he displaying? |
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Definition
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Term
| Officers are dispatched to Casey's General Store reference an intoxicated subject. Upon arrival, the officers confront the subject who immediately pulls a knife on the officers. What level of resistance is he displaying? |
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Definition
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Term
| An inmate's criminal history is the primary determinate of the actual amount of time served when indeterminate sentencing practice is used. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| Officers are dispatched to an abortion clinic to remove unwanted protesters. Upon arrival, officers find the protesters sitting with their arms linked refusing to move. What level of resistance are they displaying? |
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Definition
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Term
| When officers arrive on the scene of a domestic disturbance, they are confronted by a subject who assumes a combative stance and glares at them. What level of resistance is he displaying? |
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Definition
| Psychological intimidation. |
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Term
| As an officer enters a bar fight a subject throw at punch at the officer. What level of resistance is he playing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average time between conviction and execution of a death row inmate in the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
A police officer arrests a person for robbery and assault. When travelling to the police station for booking purposes, she asks the suspect, "What do you know about this robbery?"
Admissible or Inadmissible. |
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Definition
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Term
A police officer, disguised as a jail inmate, asks his cellmate "Did you commit the murder?"
Admissible or Inadmissible. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which amendment protects against self-incrimination and excludes any form of coercion during interrogation? |
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Definition
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Term
| The extent of a Terry "pat down" search is limited by what constitutional amendment? |
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Definition
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Term
| In order for the plain-view doctrine to apply, officers must have the following two criteria met. |
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Definition
| A legal right to be in the viewing area. |
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Term
An off-duty police officer apprehends a purse-snatcher. As the officer waits for a police car to transport the suspect, he asks, "How many purses have you stolen in the last month?"
Admissible or Inadmissible. |
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Definition
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Term
In the visiting room of the prison, the detective asked Jason, "Did you murder your brother-in-law?"
Admissible or Inadmissible. |
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Definition
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Term
| Courts have the authority to review a decision made by the lower court are said to have ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| When a defendant "stands mute" at her arraignment, she is considered to have entered a _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which early punishment was primarily a strategy of specific deterrence because it made it difficult for individuals to commit future crimes? |
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Definition
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Term
A police officer asks a suspect to meet him at the police station. When the suspect arrives, he is walked back to an interview, and he is free to leave at any time. The officer asks him: "Did you steal a stereo from Walmart?"
Admissible or Inadmissible. |
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Definition
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Term
| A traffic stop is made and an officer asks if he can look in the car of the suspect to make sure he isn't drinking. The driver says no and lies, and the officer finds an open beer in the center console. |
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Definition
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Term
A police officer arrests a juvenile involved in a burglary, cuffs him and places him in the rear of the squad car. Then, the juvenile spills out the truth.
Admissible or Inadmissible. |
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Definition
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Term
| A use of Force _______ is a guide designed to show an officer the appropriate level of force to select when confronted with a subject applying levels of resistance. |
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Definition
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Term
| The major areas of police activity infused with due process requirements are these three. |
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Definition
| Search and Seizure, Arrest, and Interrogation. |
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Term
| A call was made from a suicide attempt and the police find child pornography in the bedside table drawer of their room. The subject survives. |
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Definition
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Term
| What goal of sentencing is sometimes referred to as the "lock 'em up approach"? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many states have capital punishment laws? |
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Definition
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Term
| The opposite of aggravating circumstances in sentencing is _______. |
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Definition
| Mitigating circumstances. |
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Term
| Who is the final arbiter of the actual sentence served in a state that relies on an indeterminate sentencing scheme? |
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Definition
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Term
| A probation officer does not need a search warrant or probable cause to search a probationer's residence. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| Probation, parole, home confinement, and electronic monitoring are examples of _____________. |
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Definition
| Community-based corrections. |
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Term
| Who is recognized as the world's first probation officer? |
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Definition
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Term
| Parole is granted by _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which intermediate sanction resembles a military-style boot camp? |
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Definition
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Term
| The National Police Officer's Memorial is located in New York City. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| Supreme Court rulings prohibit officers from searching arrestees of the opposite sex. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the first ever officer killed in the line of duty? |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ is based on an act passed by Congress in 1871 to ensure the civil rights of men and women of all races. |
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Definition
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Term
| What animals stand guard over the National Police Officer's Memorial? |
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Definition
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Term
| An appeal by a convicted defendant forces the court to conduct a new trial. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| What state had the first court administrator? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of plea is most similar to a guilty plea? |
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Definition
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Term
| What term describes an attorney who works for a law firm? |
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Definition
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Term
| Research indicates that prosecutors have a built-in tendency to be lenient toward _______ defendants but discriminate against ______defendants. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who creates a record of all that occurs during the trial? |
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Definition
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Term
| Juries in most states are composed of how many members? |
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Definition
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Term
| Less-lethal weapons are specially designed to kill suspects. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sentencing goal stresses vengeance? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for the application of an amount and/or frequency of force greater than that required to compel compliance from a willing or unwilling subject? |
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Definition
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Term
| "Truth in sentencing" guarantees that an offender will serve at least _______ percent of their sentence. |
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Definition
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Term
| When a judge prior to sentencing requests information on the background of a convicted defendant it is called a _______. |
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Definition
| Presentence investigation. |
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Term
| There are far more offenders in prison today than are serving community-based sentences. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| ______was the first state to have a shock incarceration program. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of probation includes at least five face-to-face contacts between officer and probationer each week? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the event of a technical violation of probation, the ________ would be responsible for initiating violation proceedings. |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of parole hearing determines whether the parolee has violated the conditions of his or her parole? |
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Definition
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Term
| A landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision establishes guidelines by which the police and the rest of the justice system must abide. (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| This Supreme Court case has become the basis for "stop and frisk." |
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Definition
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Term
| Which legal principle excludes from introduction at trial any evidence resulting from an illegal search or seizure? |
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Definition
| Fruit of the Poison Tree Doctrine. |
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Term
| What type of cases are recognizable by the fact that they produce substantial changes in both the understanding of due process and in the practical day-to-day operations of the justice system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What famous 1966 U.S. Supreme Court case provided the advisement of the rights to criminal suspects prior to police questioning? |
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Definition
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Term
| Two court systems coexist in America, they are? |
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Definition
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Term
| Adam Viver had his wallet stolen while he was eating lunch. Adam opted to resolve the disagreement formally when the person was caught. The deposition of his case was probably heard where? |
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Definition
| A dispute-resolution center. |
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Term
| A state misdemeanor case is likely to start in what type of court? |
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Definition
| A trial court of limited jurisdiction. |
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Term
| When a trial court of general jurisdiction offers a new trial instead of appellate review of a lower court's decision, it is giving a __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| There are ________district courts in the federal court system. |
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Definition
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Term
| Suspects have a constitutional right to represent themselves (T or F) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which work group member has the responsibility of demonstrating to a jury that a defendant is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom? |
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Definition
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Term
| A motion for ______ asks the court to move the trial to some other area where prejudice against the defendant is less likely. |
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Definition
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Term
| A motion for ______ asks the court to allow the defendant's lawyer to view the evidence which the prosecution intends to present at trial. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sentencing goal attempts to make the victim "whole again?" |
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Definition
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Term
| A sentence to 8 to 25 with the possibility of parole is an example of a (n) __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| This sentencing goal is closely associated with the phrase "an eye or an eye." |
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Definition
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Term
| Separating offenders from the community furthers which sentencing goal? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sentencing practice relies on a well-defined hierarchy of penalties, specifying terms of imprisonment with each criminal offense category? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common form of sentencing in the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
| What state was the first to have a salaried probation officer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sentence is considered a correctional strategy? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are the most inmates freed from prison? |
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Definition
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Term
| Georgia was the first state to implement both ________&_________. |
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Definition
| Intensive probation supervision & Shock Incarceration. |
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