Term
| Know what prisons were used for, historically (think – were they always used for punishment) |
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Definition
| Jails were originally built to hold offenders before they were sentenced |
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Term
| Know what the process is for inmates to file a grievance |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the name of the person who pushed for rehabilitation in prisons |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the difference between jails and prisons |
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Definition
Jail – sentence of less than one year
Prison – sentence of more than one year |
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Term
| Know what a total institution is |
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Definition
| every aspect of life is controlled by someone else |
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Term
| Know what are and are not special needs of female inmates |
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Definition
Abuse and trauma treatment
Unique health needs |
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Term
| Know what the most frequent form of group therapy is in prison |
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Definition
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Term
| Know what the justifications were for denying rights to inmates |
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Definition
| Inmates have to exhaust all internal avenues for complaint before they can file a complaint in federal court |
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Term
| Know what percentage of inmates are released on parole |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the two prison systems and their descriptions |
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Definition
Auburn system (New York), Tiered cells, Congregate, Group work, Silence, harsh punishment
Pennsylvania system, Single cells set in a semicircle, Isolated, In-cell work, Bible study, Silence, harsh punishment |
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Term
| Know the definition of transportation and convict leasing |
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Definition
| providing prisoner labor to private parties |
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Term
| Know the types of vocational programs and their descriptions |
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Definition
Vocational Training
Job Training, allowing inmates to learn a trade
Work Release
Allowing inmates to leave the prison in order to go to work
Private Prison Enterprise
Private prisons hire their inmates for work (i.e. call centers)
Post release Programs
Some prisons have programs to help inmates find work upon release |
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Term
| Know the prisoner rights or substantive rights and their descriptions |
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Definition
Access to courts, legal services and materials
Freedom of the press and of expression
Freedom of religion
Medical rights
Cruel and unusual punishment
Racial segregation
Overall prison conditions |
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Term
| Know the intermediate sanctions and their descriptions |
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Definition
Intensive probation supervision (IPS)
restitution
House arrest
electronic monitoring
Shock probation and split sentencing |
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Term
| Know the prison types/security levels |
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Definition
Super maximum security – can be separate buildings or just a wing in a prison
Maximum security – “fortress like”
Medium security – fewer guards and security precautions
Minimum security – usually no armed guards or walls
Administrative prisons – hospital prisons |
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Term
| Know reasons why people fail on parole |
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Definition
nature of prison life – they are used to conditions inside and cannot cope
Lifelong deflects tied to the person – mental health, education low income
Relationship/ family problems
economic problems – no/low employment, low wages, no unemployment
community problems – too many offenders released, concentrated disadvantage
legal problems – problems with having a record |
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Term
| Know the parties that should be involved in restorative justice |
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Definition
victims
criminals
Law enforcement
community |
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Term
| Know what probation officers are allowed/not allowed to do when checking on probationers |
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Definition
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Term
| Know what shock probation is |
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Definition
Offender has to spend time in prison
Very short period of time – supposed to be a “wake-up call”
Then the person is re-sentenced to probation |
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Term
| Know what the medical model is, in terms of corrections |
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Definition
| model of corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by social, psychological, or biological deficiencies that require treatment |
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Term
| Know what kind of priority jails are in the criminal justice system (high or low) |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the trend in suicides in jails (increasing, decreasing, etc.) |
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Definition
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Term
| Know how effective supermax prisons are |
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Definition
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Term
| Access to courts, legal services and materials |
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Definition
The right of easy access to the courts and need to be provided with materials and assistance to file complaints
Jailhouse lawyers cannot be interfered with or harassed by administration |
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Term
| Freedom of the press and of expression |
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Definition
| Only when a compelling state interest exists can a prisoners’ First Amendment rights be modified |
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Term
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Definition
Inmates have the right to assemble and pray in the religion of their choice
Religious symbols and practices that interfere with institutional security can be restricted |
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Term
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Definition
| It is mandated that inmates have medical care |
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Term
| Cruel and unusual punishment |
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Definition
| Courts have placed limits on disciplinary measures that may be considered inhumane |
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Term
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Definition
| Segregation can only be allowed if a prison administrator can prove that it will promote safety |
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Term
| Overall prison conditions |
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Definition
Prisoners have the right to minimal conditions necessary for human survival
Inmates are also to be protected from harm, from guards or other inmates |
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Term
| Intensive probation supervision (IPS) |
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Definition
more conditions than regular probation
Failure rates are very high |
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Term
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Definition
Paying back the victim ($)
Community service is also considered restitution |
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Term
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Definition
| Offender has to stay at home; substitute for being in prison |
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Term
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Definition
| Devices that can track where an offender is to make sure he or she does not go anywhere they are not supposed to |
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