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Criminal Justice
Study Guide for test 4
34
Criminal Justice
Undergraduate 1
11/09/2016

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Know what prisons were used for, historically (think – were they always used for punishment)
Definition
Jails were originally built to hold offenders before they were sentenced
Term
Know what the process is for inmates to file a grievance
Definition
court process
Term
Know the name of the person who pushed for rehabilitation in prisons
Definition
William Penn
Term
Know the difference between jails and prisons
Definition
Jail – sentence of less than one year
Prison – sentence of more than one year
Term
Know what a total institution is
Definition
every aspect of life is controlled by someone else
Term
Know what are and are not special needs of female inmates
Definition
Abuse and trauma treatment
Unique health needs
Term
Know what the most frequent form of group therapy is in prison
Definition
Anger Management
Term
Know what the justifications were for denying rights to inmates
Definition
Inmates have to exhaust all internal avenues for complaint before they can file a complaint in federal court
Term
Know what percentage of inmates are released on parole
Definition
95%
Term
Know the two prison systems and their descriptions
Definition
Auburn system (New York), Tiered cells, Congregate, Group work, Silence, harsh punishment
Pennsylvania system, Single cells set in a semicircle, Isolated, In-cell work, Bible study, Silence, harsh punishment
Term
Know the definition of transportation and convict leasing
Definition
providing prisoner labor to private parties
Term
Know the types of vocational programs and their descriptions
Definition
Vocational Training
Job Training, allowing inmates to learn a trade
Work Release
Allowing inmates to leave the prison in order to go to work
Private Prison Enterprise
Private prisons hire their inmates for work (i.e. call centers)
Post release Programs
Some prisons have programs to help inmates find work upon release
Term
Know the prisoner rights or substantive rights and their descriptions
Definition
Access to courts, legal services and materials
Freedom of the press and of expression
Freedom of religion
Medical rights
Cruel and unusual punishment
Racial segregation
Overall prison conditions
Term
Know the intermediate sanctions and their descriptions
Definition
Intensive probation supervision (IPS)
restitution
House arrest
electronic monitoring
Shock probation and split sentencing
Term
Know the prison types/security levels
Definition
Super maximum security – can be separate buildings or just a wing in a prison
Maximum security – “fortress like”
Medium security – fewer guards and security precautions
Minimum security – usually no armed guards or walls
Administrative prisons – hospital prisons
Term
Know reasons why people fail on parole
Definition
nature of prison life – they are used to conditions inside and cannot cope
Lifelong deflects tied to the person – mental health, education low income
Relationship/ family problems
economic problems – no/low employment, low wages, no unemployment
community problems – too many offenders released, concentrated disadvantage
legal problems – problems with having a record
Term
Know the parties that should be involved in restorative justice
Definition
victims
criminals
Law enforcement
community
Term
Know what probation officers are allowed/not allowed to do when checking on probationers
Definition
Term
Know what shock probation is
Definition
Offender has to spend time in prison
Very short period of time – supposed to be a “wake-up call”
Then the person is re-sentenced to probation
Term
Know what the medical model is, in terms of corrections
Definition
model of corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by social, psychological, or biological deficiencies that require treatment
Term
Know what kind of priority jails are in the criminal justice system (high or low)
Definition
low
Term
Know the trend in suicides in jails (increasing, decreasing, etc.)
Definition
increasing
Term
Know how effective supermax prisons are
Definition
Term
Access to courts, legal services and materials
Definition
The right of easy access to the courts and need to be provided with materials and assistance to file complaints
Jailhouse lawyers cannot be interfered with or harassed by administration
Term
Freedom of the press and of expression
Definition
Only when a compelling state interest exists can a prisoners’ First Amendment rights be modified
Term
Freedom of religion
Definition
Inmates have the right to assemble and pray in the religion of their choice
Religious symbols and practices that interfere with institutional security can be restricted
Term
Medical rights
Definition
It is mandated that inmates have medical care
Term
Cruel and unusual punishment
Definition
Courts have placed limits on disciplinary measures that may be considered inhumane
Term
Racial segregation
Definition
Segregation can only be allowed if a prison administrator can prove that it will promote safety
Term
Overall prison conditions
Definition
Prisoners have the right to minimal conditions necessary for human survival
Inmates are also to be protected from harm, from guards or other inmates
Term
Intensive probation supervision (IPS)
Definition
more conditions than regular probation
Failure rates are very high
Term
restitution
Definition
Paying back the victim ($)
Community service is also considered restitution
Term
House arrest
Definition
Offender has to stay at home; substitute for being in prison
Term
electronic monitoring
Definition
Devices that can track where an offender is to make sure he or she does not go anywhere they are not supposed to
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