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| Developed by Alphonse Bertillon in teh late 19th century, the study and comparison of body measurements as a means of criminal identification. |
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| The medical examination of a body to determine the time, and cause, of death; required in all cases of violent or suspicious death. |
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| A colloquial term used in reference to British police constables; derived by teh public from teh first name of Sir Robert Peel, whose efforts led to the creation of the first metropolitan police force in London. |
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| A Child is Missing (ACIM) |
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Definition
| This program, started in 1997, was created to assist law enforcement officers in locating missing children, as well as disabled and mentally challenged individuals, and elderly persons, such as those suffering from Alzheimers. |
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| A written record of the actions taken by the crime scene coordinator, including assignments and release of the scene. |
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| A sworn, written statement of the information known to an officer that serves as teh basis for the issuance of an arrest warrant or a search warrant. |
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| The decrease in body temperature that occurs after death. |
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| alternative light systems (ALSs) |
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Definition
| Portable lasers and handheld ultraviolet lighting used to locate physical evidence at teh crime scene; particularly helpful in locating trace evidence. |
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| A voluntary partnership between law enforcement agencies and broadcasters to activate an urgent news bulletin in the most serious child abduction cases. |
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| American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD) |
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Definition
| An international society devoted to maintaining the highest standards of practice at crime laboratories; conducts an accreditation program for laboratories and education programs for lab personnel. |
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| A dye that is sensitive to blood and thus is used in developing fingerprints contaminated with blood. |
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Term
| anger-excitation rape-murder |
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Definition
| This crime is designed to inflict pain and terror on the victim for the gratification of the perpetrator. The prolonged torture of the victim energizes teh killer's fantasies and temporarily satisfies a lust for domination and control. |
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| anger-retaliatory rape-murder |
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Definition
| This type of planned murder involves overkill. It is an anger-venting act that express symbolic revenge on a female victim. |
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Definition
| the process of taking a person into legal custody to answer a criminal charge. |
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| A judicial order commanding that a particular person be arrested and brought before a court to answer a criminal charge. |
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| Written reports completed by persons assigned tasks at a crime scene that deocument what they have done and found. |
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Definition
| Bidirectional evidence that connects the perpetrator to the scene or victim, or connects the scene or victim to the perpetrator. |
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| Death from accidental asphyxiation as a result of masochistic activities of the deceased. Also called sexual asphyxia. |
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Term
AFIS Automated Fingerprint Identification System |
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Definition
A computerized system, maintained by the
FBI, that stores and compares millions of fingerprints and is used to find matches for identification purposes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used after superglue fuming, a dye that auses latent prints to fluorese under alternative lighting. |
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Definition
| Part of the preliminary investigation, a notification broadcast to officers that contains detailed information on suspects and their vehicle. |
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| Biggers-Brathwaite Factors Test |
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Definition
A test that balances the reliability of eyewitness identification (as determined by five factors specified by the Supreme
Court)with the corrupting effect of any suggestive procedures; enables a highly reliable identification to be used in court even if something jeopardized the fairness of the identification procedure. |
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Definition
| They diameter of a gun barrel's interior between its opposing high sides (the lands). |
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Definition
| Established by Henry Fielding in 1748, a group of volunteer, nonuniformed home owners who helped catch thieves in London by rushing to crime scenes and beginning investigations, thus acting as teh first modern detective force. by 1785, some were paid government detectives. |
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| Sterile cotton swabs used to obtain saliva from teh mouth of a suspect for DNA analysis. |
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| The instantenous tightening of an extremity or other part of the body at the time of death. Also called death grip. |
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