• There is a gender bias  in CJS
•  Less women are send to jail comapred to men even thought the crime might be the same
•  Police are morelikely to give wmoen are lighter sentence compared to men

•  Women are more likely to be discharged and given community service
• Women are more likely to be cautioned rather than sentenced after arrest 
•  however we have to look at the type of crime thatwomen commit is less serious compared to mens  type  of crime

•  Suggests that socialisation is different , girls are more stictly controlled comapred to boys
•  Those who are born in the lone-parent families
• Boys are likely to turn to crime and deviance because they nver had the male- figure to show them how to behave 
•  too much feminanity within the house hold  led boys to crime and devinace because  to gain their masculinity

Control theory

Hirsch

•  Women tend to be more social bonds  which keeps them away from commiting crime
• For example
•  in religon  more women go to church than men
•  there commitment to  this instituation  means more commitment  to the religious leader
•  which means they are more involved in the events and activities that goes on in that religion
•  therefore they are morelikely to confirm to  rules
•  the stronger the bonds the more you have to lose just like Heidsohn

Campbell

'A crisis  of musculinity'

•  There had been a dramstic change in our socity
• manufacturing indtustries have declined and  Service industries have increased
•  which means those who are not qualified enough to get  into the service Industries will be job less
• Men are no-longer able to show their masculinity through full-time job to support family
• This leds to the crisis of musculinity
• many will turn to crime and deviant activities to  maintain thier masculinity

Hobbs

Night time economy

Offending :

• Heidsohn : conformity and control

• Sex role theory

• Religion

• Hobbs

Dobash and Dobash

Merton

• Stop and searching
• Criminal Justice stystem
• Labelling