Term
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Definition
Cesare Lombroso
-Punishment should fit the criminal
-Exogenic Forces (poverty, deprivation, etc) may cause crime |
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Term
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Definition
Cesare Lombroso
-Criminals have certain physiological traits (Jaw bone, Nose, Shape of Foot) |
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Term
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Definition
Gleuck and Sheldon
-Ectomorph - Bigger/Lessfit, sensitive = White Collar
-Endomorph - Rounded body type, small hands/feet = Not repeat offenders
-Mesomorph - Athletic, Power hungry = Violent Crimes |
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Term
| Personality Theory/Psychological Positivism |
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Definition
Cesare Lombroso
-Attribute crime to various forms of mental illness
-Crimes they commit: Rape, Murder (mass) |
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Term
| Classical School of Crime |
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Definition
Cesane Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham
-Eye for an Eye
-Let the Punishment Fit the Crime
For punishment to have deterent effect must be sure, severe, swift and quick |
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Term
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Definition
Shaw and McKay
-Crime is due to geographical location
-Closer to the core of the city, more crime |
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Term
| Social Disorganization Theory |
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Definition
Shaw and McKay
-Communities that are socially disorganized will have higher crime
-Elements of disorganized areas: Population density, poverty, residential segregation |
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Term
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Definition
Ron Akers
-Same as Different Association Theory |
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Term
| Different Association Theory |
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Definition
Sutherland and Cressy
-Crime is learned behavior
-Learn of crime from peers in social groups
-The more crime the people we hang out with commit, the more crime we commit |
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Term
| The Code of Streets Theory |
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Definition
Elijah Anderson
-Drug and Gang Subculture
-Crime is a way of life, status-enhancing, gain access to economic resources |
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Term
| Collective Efficacy Crime |
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Definition
Emile Durkheim
-The absense of efficacy may lead to greater levels of crime
-values, norms, beliefs solidify their bonds |
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Term
| Mechanical Solidarity Society |
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Definition
Emile Durkheim
-All people do the same thing
-Crime rates low violation are very low
-Crime is repressed and there is zero tolerance |
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Term
| Organic Solidarity Society |
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Definition
Emile Durkheim
-Most people are different from each other
-More Crime |
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Term
| Evaluation of Theories (11) |
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Definition
| Concise, Logical, Sound, Exact, Testable, Measurable, Depth, Robust, Applicability, Replicated, Social Policy |
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Term
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Definition
-Explains why people behave the way they do
-Not an opinion; factual info with scientific basis
-Explain specific event or phenomena |
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Term
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Definition
Cesare Lombroso
-Function of sensory or human motor skills
-Poor judgment, violent tendencies, isolation |
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Term
| Theory of Urban Areas, Delinquency and Crime |
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Definition
Laub and Sampson
-Large proportion of official ddelinquencies are comitted by inner city juveniles
-Urban Areas have more juvenile delinquencies |
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