Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Crim J Quiz #1
Crim J Quiz #1
30
Criminal Justice
Undergraduate 2
09/08/2011

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Felony
Definition
A serious crime, usually punishable by imprisonment for 1 year or more.
Term
Misdemeanor
Definition
A less serious offense, usually punishable by a fine or imprisonment for <1 year.
Term
Licit Drugs
Definition
Socially acceptable substances.
Term
Illicit Drugs
Definition
Illegal substances.
Term
Correlation
Definition
Relationships between variables. What factors related to crime?
Term
White-collar crime
Definition
business related offenses. non-violent and usually for money
Term
organized crime
Definition
illegal acts by organizations. Loan sharking, prostitution, murder-for-hire, gangs, etc.
Term
Victimless Crime
Definition
crime in which there is no evidence of an individual's suffering (public order crime)
Term
Property Crime
Definition
most common form of crime. Larceny, burglary, motor vehicle theft, arson.
Term
Discretion
Definition
the ability of individuals in the criminal justice system to make operational decisions based on personal judgements instead of formal rules of offical information
Term
Us. Court System
Definition
Dual Court System - federal court + 50 different state courts. Supreme court is the highest court system
Term
Rational Choice Theory
Definition
the theory that criminals weigh the pros and cons and when the perveived benefits are greater, they will likely commit the crime. This does not account for impuslive behavior
Term
Trait Theory
Definition
suggests there are biological and psychological traits that individuals posses that could incline them to criminal behavior given certain circumstances.
Term
Routine Activity Theory
Definition

the cirumstances surrounding victimization has 3 components.

1. suitable target (person or object)

2. Motivated offender

3. Absence of a cabable guardian

Value is often added to targets. the higher the value, the more likely the target will be a victim

Term
Strain Theory
Definition
assumption that crime is the result of frustration felt by individuals who cannot reach their financial and personal goals through legitimate means. "Fun with Dick and Jane"
Term
Learning Theory
Definition
views crimes as learned behavior, usually learned from a family member/friend/mentor.
Term
Causation
Definition
a relationship where one variable causes a change in another. What factors cause crime?
Term
UCR
Definition
uniform crime report. includes basic data from policing agencies around the country. # of arrests, # of crimes reported, # of officers and support specialists
Term
NIBRS
Definition
National Incident Based Reporting Service. Provides info about offenses, victims, offenders, and arrestees. More complete picture
Term
Victim Surveys
Definition
citizens directly regarding criminal victimizations. measures reported and unreported crime (dark figure of crime.) Not very reliable though
Term
Self-report surveys
Definition
Asks respondents to tell about their criminal activities. Reliability an issue
Term
Part 1 offenses
Definition
Violent Crimes and Property Crimes
Term
Part 2 offenses
Definition
Everything other than Violent Crime and Property crime
Term
Recidivism
Definition
Re-offending after you already have
Term
Difference between Robbery and Burglary
Definition
Robbery - taking property by force, threat of force, or intimidation
Burglary - breaking and entering into a dwelling (without permission) to commit a felony therein
Term
Difference between Jail and Prison
Definition
Jail - <1 year
Prison - >1 year
Term
Crime Control Model
Definition
Primary emphasis on the right of the individual to be protected from crime
Term
Due Process Model
Definition
primary emphasis on the individual to be protected from the power of the government
Term
Difference between Parole and Probation
Definition
Parole - early release from a prison sentence
Probation - handed down from a judge in the court system. usually in lieu of jail time, or with jail time.
Term
Dark figure of Crime
Definition
crimes that go unreported to the police
Supporting users have an ad free experience!