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| The most influential actor in the courthouse is the... |
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Definition
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| A trial by a judge without a jury is called a... |
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Definition
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Term
| The operation of two separate and distinct court systems in the United States is referred to as... |
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Definition
| Federal Court System and State Court System. or Federalism |
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Term
| The crime control and due process models were first developed by... |
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Definition
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Term
| The key value of the crime control model is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following are the three main components of the American Criminal Justice System? |
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Definition
| Police, courts, and corrections |
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Term
| The institutions of criminal justice in America are a system in the sense that... |
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Definition
| what happens in one agency or component affects other agencies and components. |
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Term
| The federal courts are the federal ________ courts. |
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| In the U.S. Today, there are around _______ million people under some form of correctional confinement or supervision. |
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| After booking, arrestees will be brought before a judge at the _____ and advised of their rights, and the charges and given a chance to make bail. |
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Definition
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Definition
| issue an indictment in most cases |
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Term
| Around ninety percent of felony convictions result from... |
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Definition
| Guilty plea pursuant to a plea bargain. |
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Term
| The burden of proof required for a victory in a civil case is |
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Definition
| Preponderance of Evidence |
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Term
| Much of the Bill of Rights is applicable to the states through the |
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Definition
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Term
| Wrongs against the public or state are tried under |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures? |
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Definition
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Term
| Victims of crime are increasingly resorting to... |
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Definition
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Term
| A court order directing a specific action or lack of action is known as an... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is the highest burden of proof? |
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Definition
| proof beyond a reasonable doubt |
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Term
| A common civil remedy used in drug cases is... |
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Definition
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Term
| The ______ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution grants a right to counsel. |
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Definition
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Term
| The party who initiates a civil suit is known as the... |
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Definition
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Term
| A statute is a form of law created by... |
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Definition
| federal and state legislatures |
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Term
| The two major adversary actors in the criminal justice system are... |
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Definition
| Prosecutors and Defense Attorneys |
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Term
| Which of the following is one example of a safeguard provided by the adversarial system? |
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Definition
| 1. Through cross examination, each side has the opportunity to probe for possible biases in witnesses and to test what witnesses actually know, not what they think they know. 2. Each actor is granted limited powers, and each has limited powers to counteract the others. 3. It charges a specific actor— the defense attorney—with asserting the rights of the accused. |
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Term
| The United States Has a dual court system. This means that there are |
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Definition
| There are two courts, Federal and State Courts. |
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Term
| Which of the following is true of appellate courts? |
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Definition
| never a single judge, no new trail, no new testimony, reviews records, motions |
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Term
| An example of a court with subject matter jurisdiction is... |
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Definition
| traffic court or juvenile court |
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Term
| The U.S. Supreme Court decides (and writes full opinions about) approximately how many cases each year? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following gave the U.S Supreme Court the power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional? |
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Definition
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Term
| The recent upsurge of federal criminal cases is largely attributable to the increase in... |
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Definition
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Term
| Litigants in state courts are most often... |
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Definition
| Private parties ex) ind. & small businesses |
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Term
| The Highest Court in a state is called the court of last... |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ courts are a prime example of courts based on the concept of therapeutic jurisprudence. |
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Definition
| Drug courts, domestic violence courts, and mental health |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a member of the courtroom work group? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following explains why few cases receive individual treatment? |
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Definition
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Term
| A discretionary decision based on decision makers' values and attitudes reflects... |
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Definition
| their personal philosophies |
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Term
| Although a prosecutor may believe that a given defendant violated the law, s/he may decide against moving forward with prosecution based on a belief that no jury would come back with a guilty verdict. This represents a discretionary decision based on... |
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Definition
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Term
| Prosecutors exercise discretion everyday. Which of the following is not an example of prosecutorial discretion? |
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Definition
| The prosecutor sets the trial date to accommodate an out-of-state witness. |
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Term
| In the thirteenth century the nobles forced King John to sign the ___ and promise not to “deny or delay right or justice” |
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Definition
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Term
| The ______ Amendment provides for the right to a speedy and public trial |
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Definition
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Term
| “Justice delayed is justice denied” means what? |
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Definition
| Case delay undermines the values and guarantees of the legal system. |
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Term
| The Speedy Trial Act of 1974 (amended in 1979) allows how many days from arrest to indictment in federal courts? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Speedy Trial Act of 1974 (amended in 1979) allows how many days from indictment to trial? |
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Definition
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Term
| The office of the prosecutor is in which branch of government? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ___ is the only official who works closely with police officers. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ___ decision is the exclusive domain of the prosecutor. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pleasure of the president |
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Term
| Which of the following is the primary reason for high turnover among assistant district attorneys? |
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Definition
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Term
| The method by which defense attorneys seek to reach the best possible solution for their clients is directly related to their relationships with other members of... |
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Definition
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Term
| Because of the numerous sanctions that may be applied to defense attorneys, they are forced to take what kind of posture? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is a characteristic of the due process model of criminal justice? |
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Definition
| The rights of the people. |
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