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CRIM 203 - Judicial Organization - Midterm
Cal State LA - Professor Carley Mitchell
52
Criminology
Undergraduate 2
02/05/2014

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Cards

Term
The most influential actor in the courthouse is the...
Definition
Prosecutor
Term
A trial by a judge without a jury is called a...
Definition
Bench Trial
Term
The operation of two separate and distinct court systems in the United States is referred to as...
Definition
Federal Court System and State Court System. or Federalism
Term
The crime control and due process models were first developed by...
Definition
Herbert Packer
Term
The key value of the crime control model is...
Definition
Repress Crime
Term
Which of the following are the three main components of the American Criminal Justice System?
Definition
Police, courts, and corrections
Term
The institutions of criminal justice in America are a system in the sense that...
Definition
what happens in one agency or component affects other agencies and components.
Term
The federal courts are the federal ________ courts.
Definition
appeal
Term
In the U.S. Today, there are around _______ million people under some form of correctional confinement or supervision.
Definition
7
Term
After booking, arrestees will be brought before a judge at the _____ and advised of their rights, and the charges and given a chance to make bail.
Definition
Initial Appearance
Term
Grand Juries
Definition
issue an indictment in most cases
Term
Around ninety percent of felony convictions result from...
Definition
Guilty plea pursuant to a plea bargain.
Term
The burden of proof required for a victory in a civil case is
Definition
Preponderance of Evidence
Term
Much of the Bill of Rights is applicable to the states through the
Definition
14th Amendment
Term
Wrongs against the public or state are tried under
Definition
Criminal Law
Term
Which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures?
Definition
4th Amendment
Term
Victims of crime are increasingly resorting to...
Definition
civil litigation
Term
A court order directing a specific action or lack of action is known as an...
Definition
injunction
Term
Which of the following is the highest burden of proof?
Definition
proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Term
A common civil remedy used in drug cases is...
Definition
assets forfeiture
Term
The ______ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution grants a right to counsel.
Definition
6th Amendment
Term
The party who initiates a civil suit is known as the...
Definition
plaintiff
Term
A statute is a form of law created by...
Definition
federal and state legislatures
Term
The two major adversary actors in the criminal justice system are...
Definition
Prosecutors and Defense Attorneys
Term
Which of the following is one example of a safeguard provided by the adversarial system?
Definition
1. Through cross examination, each side has the opportunity to probe for possible biases in witnesses and to test what witnesses actually know, not what they think they know. 2. Each actor is granted limited powers, and each has limited powers to counteract the others. 3. It charges a specific actor— the defense attorney—with asserting the rights of the accused.
Term
The United States Has a dual court system. This means that there are
Definition
There are two courts, Federal and State Courts.
Term
Which of the following is true of appellate courts?
Definition
never a single judge, no new trail, no new testimony, reviews records, motions
Term
An example of a court with subject matter jurisdiction is...
Definition
traffic court or juvenile court
Term
The U.S. Supreme Court decides (and writes full opinions about) approximately how many cases each year?
Definition
Approximately 80
Term
Which of the following gave the U.S Supreme Court the power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional?
Definition
Marbury vs. Madison
Term
The recent upsurge of federal criminal cases is largely attributable to the increase in...
Definition
Drug Cases
Term
Litigants in state courts are most often...
Definition
Private parties ex) ind. & small businesses
Term
The Highest Court in a state is called the court of last...
Definition
resort
Term
____ courts are a prime example of courts based on the concept of therapeutic jurisprudence.
Definition
Drug courts, domestic violence courts, and mental health
Term
Which of the following is not a member of the courtroom work group?
Definition
bailiffs
Term
Which of the following explains why few cases receive individual treatment?
Definition
assembly line justice
Term
A discretionary decision based on decision makers' values and attitudes reflects...
Definition
their personal philosophies
Term
Although a prosecutor may believe that a given defendant violated the law, s/he may decide against moving forward with prosecution based on a belief that no jury would come back with a guilty verdict. This represents a discretionary decision based on...
Definition
legal judgment
Term
Prosecutors exercise discretion everyday. Which of the following is not an example of prosecutorial discretion?
Definition
The prosecutor sets the trial date to accommodate an out-of-state witness.
Term
In the thirteenth century the nobles forced King John to sign the ___ and promise not to “deny or delay right or justice”
Definition
Magna Carta
Term
The ______ Amendment provides for the right to a speedy and public trial
Definition
6th
Term
“Justice delayed is justice denied” means what?
Definition
Case delay undermines the values and guarantees of the legal system.
Term
The Speedy Trial Act of 1974 (amended in 1979) allows how many days from arrest to indictment in federal courts?
Definition
30 days
Term
The Speedy Trial Act of 1974 (amended in 1979) allows how many days from indictment to trial?
Definition
70 days
Term
The office of the prosecutor is in which branch of government?
Definition
Executive
Term
The ___ is the only official who works closely with police officers.
Definition
Prosecutor
Term
The ___ decision is the exclusive domain of the prosecutor.
Definition
Charging
Term
U.S. Attorneys serve
Definition
pleasure of the president
Term
Which of the following is the primary reason for high turnover among assistant district attorneys?
Definition
Low Salaries
Term
The method by which defense attorneys seek to reach the best possible solution for their clients is directly related to their relationships with other members of...
Definition
the courtroom work group
Term
Because of the numerous sanctions that may be applied to defense attorneys, they are forced to take what kind of posture?
Definition
reactive posture
Term
Which of the following is a characteristic of the due process model of criminal justice?
Definition
The rights of the people.
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