Term
| therapeutic communication |
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Definition
facilitates interactions focussed on the patient and the patient;s concerns. the patient expresses and wokes through feelings and problems related to his or her situation, goals, treatments and cares
during communication:
-the nurse and patient work together to solve problems centered on the patients healthcare needs
-the patient feels cared for and understood
-the family or significant others are included in care
-health teaching is conducted
-health promotion and prevention are delivered
the nurse must understand the important roles of language, experience, and reflection. specific ingredients and techniques of communication also are important as is knowledge about nurse-patient relationship, contract setting, advocacy, confidentiality, and developmental issues related to communication. |
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Term
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Definition
| verbal communication involves spoken word. it is an exchange using the elements of language. the significance of written and verbal comm cannot be underestimated. the specific use of words and jargon in nursing is particularly powerful bc it defines the perceptions and realities of ppls experiences. words of edu, support, encouragement and timely feedback allows patients to build on individual strengths and resources, to further their goals |
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| nonverbal comms- comm by gesture, facial expressions, posture, space, appearance, body movement, touch, voice tone, volume, and rate of speech, silence is also a nonverbal comm. |
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| metacommunication, is communication about communication, or lack there of. it can be verbal non vernal and is info that is constantly available during the process of comm, giving context and clues for ways in which messages are to be interpreted. it includes anything that is taken into account when interpreting what is happening, such as the role of communicator, the nonverbal messages sent, and the content of the communication taking place. |
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| congruent- the way that different types of communication do fit together ( written, verbal, nonverbal, metacomm) |
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| incongruence is when different types of communication do not fit together. |
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| encoding- the process of getting the purpose translated into code- results in a message. |
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| communication channel- the medium or carrier of the message |
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| decode- the receiver of the message is the target of the communication and must be able to understand (or decode) message |
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| feedback- once the messages are decoded and received feedback occurs, it means that the sender and the receiver use one another reactions to produce further messages |
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Term
| Assessment of Client Communication |
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Definition
Note presence of sensory deficits (hearing, visual), disease, loss of function, medications, age related factors (older adults)
Nonverbal-facial expression, gestures, body movements, posture, eye contact, tone
Verbal- word choice, pace, presence of aphasia
Cultural Influences - language, spacial preference, religious implications
Environmental and influences |
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Term
| Ingredients of Therapeutic Communication |
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Definition
Empathy
Positive Regard
Respect for patient’s preference and values
Make patient’s need a priority
Comfortable sense of self |
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Term
| recognizes the patient as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on the respect for patient’s preferences, values and needs. |
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Definition
| recognizes the patient as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on the respect for patient’s preferences, values and needs. |
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Definition
advocacy or taking the patients side is the basis for comms with patients. supports the patients right to information necessary to make own decisions about treatment and care. with advocacy nurses focus on the knowledge patient need and want to make their own decisions about their health and healthcare. being and advocate for the patient means avoiding an uthoritarian approach, which assumes that the professional will make decisions for them, inducing guilt or blame is also a nono.
P need info about their health status and the course of illness so they can made adjustments in their lives. sharing info reduces anxiety and is an integral aspect of communicaiton.
engaging in a collaborative relationship with patients requires mindful attention if P participation is truely valued. does not happen w/ having adequate time to address concerns, questions, values, and patient perspectives. communicating meaningful info ensures effective ID and recoding of important issues for P.
patient advocacy sometimes conflicts with physicians views. keeo the patients best interest in the forefront and dev a collaborative working relate. with physician helping the patients express their views and concerns with physicians is also a positive approach. |
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Term
| circle of confidentiality |
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Definition
| circle of confidentiality- depending on legal restrictions patient info must be a need to know basis with other professionals in patient care. it includes all the ppl in a nursing unit who have responsibility for the patient. usually includes family unless patient objects. clarify with P that he.she is part of a team. |
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Definition
| encompasses the ability to look at things from anothers perspective, to walk in his shoes and be able tot hsare the essence of that understanding through verbal and on verbal comms. In order to maintain empathy the nurse must keep paitents needs and concerns primary, not allowing personal feelings and experiences to lead them away from focusing on the patients. This is done throu the process of active (or reflective) listening |
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Term
| Ingredients of Therapeutic Communication |
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Definition
Empathy
Positive Regard
Respect for patient’s preference and values
Make patient’s need a priority
Comfortable sense of self |
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Definition
| refers t the warmth, caring, interest and respect for the person, seeing the person unconditionally or nonjudgementally. The oersin is regarded as worhtwile simply for being human. Doesn’t mean u accept all aspects of behavior, nurse must separate that behavior from the person. The underlying assumption is that the person is worthwhile and has value and dignity. Avoids uneccesary labeling of patients, viewing a P as his or her disease rather than as someone who has that disaease, can interfere with seeing the person behing the label. Ignoring the person makes it more difficult to know and understand his or her response to health and illness to use the patients strengths and potential. |
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Term
| comfortable sense of self |
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Definition
| a comfortable sense of self, sucha s being aware fo ones own personality, values, and style of communication is necessary. Nurse with a comfortable sense of self can evaluate his or her strengths and weaknesses. Self ecaluations also means taking responsibility for ones actions as a professional. Throught this process the nurse grows in professional competency. A person with a comfortable sense of self is opent to ecperiences and is aare of his feelings and attitudes. Allows the person to take a more flexible view of life. The professionalw itha comfortable snes eof self feels separea from but connected to others- and important aspect of being being therapeutic- its easy to voeridentify with P, clear interpersonal boundaries need to be maintained. The nurse gives appropriate support and acre but has confidence in P abilities to make choices about their health and lives. To maintain processional enthusiasm and job satisfactions, nurses must attent to their won needs as peple. Rest, exercise, and a balanced diet are important. Supportive relationships, interesting activities and time fore relaxation and enjoyment are important emo needs. Being therapeutic with ones self is necessary before one can be therapeutic with others. |
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Term
| Assessment areas for communication |
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Definition
Goals of P must be determined. Identify
I. Sender receiver impairements- sense, structural, loss of function, disaease, drugs
II. Message variables
a. Verbal: content of message and ocmmunicaiton patterns
b. Nonverbal
III. Communicaiton skills
IV.setting
V. Media
VI. Feedback
VII. Environment
a. external infuences
b. internal influences
VIII. Cultural influences
IX. Patient Expression
a. Emotions
b. Themes
c. congruience |
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Term
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Definition
active listening- involves the ability to focus on the p and the content of their messages, conveying pack tot he p an accurate pic of what he is expressing. also invovles constant decofing of content and feeling of the messages sent by listening. note congruence or incongruence, observe what is behind the message.
two important techs: restatement and reflection. help patient feel listened to and understood. |
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Definition
| Offering self- making self available to listen to the patient |
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| Open-ended questions- asking neutral questions that encourage patient to express concern. |
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| Opening remark- using general satements based on observations and assessments about patient |
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| Opening remark- using general satements based on observations and assessments about patient |
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| Reflection- ID the main emo themes contained in a comm. And direct these back to the P |
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| Focusing- asking goal-oriented questions to help the P focus on key concerns |
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| Encouraging elaboration- helping P to describe more fully the concnerns or problems under discussion |
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| Seeking clarification- helptin P put into workds unclear thoughts or ideas |
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| Giving info- sharing with the P relevant info for his HC and well-being |
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| Looking at alternatives- helping patient see options and participate in decision-maing process related to his HC and well being |
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| Silence- allowing for a pause in comm. That permits the nurse and P time to think about what has taken place |
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| Summarizing- highlighting the important points of a conversation by condensing what was said. |
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Term
| non-therapeutic responses |
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Definition
Failing to Listen
False Reassurance
Giving Advice
Changing the Subject
Non-Professional Involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| giving reassurance that is not baed on the real situation- minimizes the p sit, concerns, and violates patients trust. will feel more supported if allowed to express anxiety and ask questions |
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| focuses exclusively on nurses experiences and diminishes P responsibilities and choices, tends to be controlling |
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| indicated anxiety a way of resisting heating about P distress, sadness and difficulties. might be an attempt to cheer P or distract from painful thoughts but its avoiding listening |
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Term
| non professional involvement |
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Definition
| occurs at a time when the nurse goes outside the boundaries of therapeutic relationship and establishes a social, economic or personal relationship with the patient. use self-dosclosure judiciously |
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