Term
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Definition
| The permanent removal of a section of the cranium using a burr hole to gain access to underlying structures. |
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Term
| What is a Steriotactic procedure? |
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Definition
| Stereotactic cranial surgery, in conjunction with CT, allows a probe to be guided to a specific location within the brain with minimal damage to normal neural tissue. |
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Term
| Does it create large scalp and bone flaps? |
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Definition
| NO; allows for precise localization of subcortical targets WITHOUT creating large scalp and bone flaps. |
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Term
| Besides biopsying intracranial tumors, what movement disorder is also being treating with the Steriotactic technique? |
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Definition
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Term
| What position is the patient in? |
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Definition
| Same as for craniotomy; depends on approach or where in the head we need access too. For example: supine, lateral or semi-lateral, sitting, or prone. |
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Term
| For draping, although it is the same as for a craniotomy, what additional thing must be draped as well? |
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Definition
| The navigation arm with a sterile sleeve. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is an object placed in the field of view of an imaging system that appears in the image produced, for use as a point of reference or a measure. They are placed on bony landmarks or points around the skull before preoperative MRI or CT scan, to create a 3D image of where a tumor exactly is in the brain. |
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Term
| How are the Fiducials used? |
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Definition
| They are used in conjunction with the CT or MRI, and the location of the Fiducials are registered onto the computer, allowing the computer to align the preoperative CT/MRI images. |
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Term
| What blade is used for the initial incision? |
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Definition
| A #15, and the cut is made all the way down to the skull |
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Term
| What are the two ways the scalp can be retracted after the first cut? |
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Definition
| A small self retaining retractor or scalp clips. |
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Term
| How is the periosteum retracted? |
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Definition
| With a Periosteal Elevator. |
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Term
| After a drill is used to create a burr hole, if it needs to be enlarged, how is it done? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the Dura layer dealt with? Name three things. |
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Definition
| Dura is elevated with dural hook. Bridal stitches are thrown for future retraction and so the thin layer is not "lost". The dura is incised using an #ll blade. |
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Term
| What instruments or tools are used to repair or excise a pathological condition? Hint: book mentions 5. |
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Definition
| Hollow cannulas, coagulation electrodes, cryosurgical probes, wire loops, and other biopsy instrumentation. |
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Term
| The wound is closed in layers, but is the bone replaced at closing? |
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Definition
| NO; bone is not replaced after a craniectomy. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What complications can arise after surgery? Hint: same as craniotomy. |
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Definition
| Wound infection, meningitis, neurological deficits related to the pathological condition, intraoperative damage to vital structures, subdual or epidural hematoma, or intracerebral hemorrhage. |
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