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Craniectomy for Steriotactic Procedures
Surgical Procedure
17
Medical
Professional
11/30/2021

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Cards

Term
What is a Craniectomy?
Definition
The permanent removal of a section of the cranium using a burr hole to gain access to underlying structures.
Term
What is a Steriotactic procedure?
Definition
Stereotactic cranial surgery, in conjunction with CT, allows a probe to be guided to a specific location within the brain with minimal damage to normal neural tissue.
Term
Does it create large scalp and bone flaps?
Definition
NO; allows for precise localization of subcortical targets WITHOUT creating large scalp and bone flaps.
Term
Besides biopsying intracranial tumors, what movement disorder is also being treating with the Steriotactic technique?
Definition
Parkinson's desease.
Term
What position is the patient in?
Definition
Same as for craniotomy; depends on approach or where in the head we need access too. For example: supine, lateral or semi-lateral, sitting, or prone.
Term
For draping, although it is the same as for a craniotomy, what additional thing must be draped as well?
Definition
The navigation arm with a sterile sleeve.
Term
What is a Fiducial?
Definition
It is an object placed in the field of view of an imaging system that appears in the image produced, for use as a point of reference or a measure. They are placed on bony landmarks or points around the skull before preoperative MRI or CT scan, to create a 3D image of where a tumor exactly is in the brain.
Term
How are the Fiducials used?
Definition
They are used in conjunction with the CT or MRI, and the location of the Fiducials are registered onto the computer, allowing the computer to align the preoperative CT/MRI images.
Term
What blade is used for the initial incision?
Definition
A #15, and the cut is made all the way down to the skull
Term
What are the two ways the scalp can be retracted after the first cut?
Definition
A small self retaining retractor or scalp clips.
Term
How is the periosteum retracted?
Definition
With a Periosteal Elevator.
Term
After a drill is used to create a burr hole, if it needs to be enlarged, how is it done?
Definition
With a Kerrison rongeur.
Term
How is the Dura layer dealt with? Name three things.
Definition
Dura is elevated with dural hook. Bridal stitches are thrown for future retraction and so the thin layer is not "lost". The dura is incised using an #ll blade.
Term
What instruments or tools are used to repair or excise a pathological condition? Hint: book mentions 5.
Definition
Hollow cannulas, coagulation electrodes, cryosurgical probes, wire loops, and other biopsy instrumentation.
Term
The wound is closed in layers, but is the bone replaced at closing?
Definition
NO; bone is not replaced after a craniectomy.
Term
Wound classification?
Definition
Class One: Clean
Term
What complications can arise after surgery? Hint: same as craniotomy.
Definition
Wound infection, meningitis, neurological deficits related to the pathological condition, intraoperative damage to vital structures, subdual or epidural hematoma, or intracerebral hemorrhage.
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