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Crane Safety - OSHA, ASME and ANSI
Review of material for NCCCO crane operator's certification exam
82
Engineering
Undergraduate 1
08/15/2012

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Term
Authorized Person
Definition
Someone assigned a specific responsibility or task by the employer (or the employer's representative). In other words, the boss has told this person to do certain things or to be in certain places.
Term
Certified Operator
Definition
An individual who has been recognized for his or her advanced knowledge and skill in crane operation.
Term
Competent Person
Definition
Someone who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards on the worksite that are unsanitary, hazardous or dangerous to employees and who also has the authority to take prompt measures to correct them.
Term
Designated Person
Definition
According to ANSI 1994, someone selected or assigned by the employer (or the employer's representative) as being competent to perform specific duties. ANSI 1968 and OSHA 1910 use the same definition except that the word competent is replaced with qualified.
Term
Gross Capacity
Definition
The sum of the weights of attachments, lift, rigging, ropes and so on, which are considered the load. The weight of the object to be lifted plus all the add-ons, according to the manufacturer's instructions. The numbers given on the load chart.
Term
Net Load
Definition
The weight of the lift. The gross load minus all add-ons. This number cannot be taken directly from the load chart.
Term
Qualified Operator
Definition
Someone who has met all the qualification requirements of the latest ANSI standard.
Term
Qualified Person
Definition
Someone who by having a recognized degree, certificate or professional standing or by having extensive knowledge, training and experience has successfully demonstrated his or her ability to solve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project. This definition allows two ways of becoming a qualified person. (1) by having a recognized degree, certificate or professional designation and (2) by having problem solving abilities for the work at hand due to extensive knowledge, training and experience.
Term
OSHA Standard Covering Construction Cranes
Definition
29CFR1926.1400
Term
OSHA Standard Covering General Industry Cranes
Definition
29 CFR 1910.180
Term
ANSI standard for the design and construction of cranes
Definition
ASME B30.5
Term
Where hand signal chart must be placed
Definition
In the vicinity of the lift
Term
How level must a crane be?
Definition
Within 1% or .57 degrees
Term
May cranes be overloaded?
Definition
Yes, but only during testing and only to 110% of the designed load.
Term
According to OSHA 29 CFR 1910.180, how accurately must the weight of the lift be known?
Definition
plus or minus 10%
Term
Who prohibits side loading cranes?
Definition
OSHA, ANSI and all or nearly all manufacturers.
Term
How far should outriggers be extended?
Definition
Enough to take the crane's weight off of the wheels, but not so far that the wheels leave the ground.
Term
Under what circumstances can the operator leave the controls of the crane?
Definition
1. Load is grounded
2. Controls are secured
3. Power source is isolated from the crane
4. Only when it is absolutely necessary.
Term
How should blocking be determined for average soil conditions.
Definition
Multiply the float area by 3, or divide the capacity in tons by 5, which ever is greater.
Term
Allowable error is leveling float pads?
Definition
0%. The outrigger must be exactly perpendicular.
Term
Greatest pressure is applied when making a pick in what direction?
Definition
Over a corner.
Term
For soils of average consistency, how far should the nearest ground-contacting part of the crane be from an excavation?
Definition
A distance equal to the depth of the excavation.
Term
For soils of sandy consistency, how far should the nearest ground-contacting part of the crane be from an excavation?
Definition
A distance equal to 1.5 times the depth of the excavation.
Term
Stability load rating with outriggers grounded.
Definition
85% of load chart.
Term
Stability load rating without outriggers (lifting on rubber)
Definition
75% of load chart.
Term
Quadrant of greatest capacity for truck cranes.
Definition
Rear.
Term
Quadrant of greatest capacity for crawler cranes.
Definition
Over the idlers.
Term
Quadrant of greatest capacity for rough terrain cranes.
Definition
Front.
Term
Quadrant of truck cranes that is not to be used, unless expressly allowed by the manufacturer.
Definition
Front.
Term
Quadrant where loads should be carried in pick and carry operations.
Definition
Front.
Term
Minimum number of wraps of wire rope that shall be left on the drum at all times.
Definition
2
Term
Ways to double block a telescoping boom crane.
Definition
1. Boom out without additional hoist line payout.
2. Boom down without additional hoist line payout.
3. Hoist up until block contacts boom tip sheave.
Term
Ways to double block a lattice crane.
Definition
1. Boom down without adequate hoist line payout.

2. Hoist up until hoisting block contacts boom tip sheave.
Term
By standard, moving the left most lever on the control panel forward will do what?
Definition
Swing towards the boom.
Term
Minimum diameter of boom hoist sheaves
Definition
15 times rope diameter.
Term
Minimum diameter of load hoist sheaves.
Definition
18 times rope diameter.
Term
Minimum diameter of hook block sheaves
Definition
16 times rope diameter.
Term
Welds on load bearing components on cranes must comply with what standard?
Definition
ANSI/AWS D 14.3
Term
Physical exam interval for crane operators.
Definition
3 years.
Term
Who may give the stop signal to the crane operator.
Definition
Anyone on the jobsite.
Term
Horn Signal - 1 beep
Definition
Stop
Term
Horn signal 2 beeps.
Definition
Go forward.
Term
Horn signal - 3 beeps
Definition
Go backward
Term
OSHA power line clearances IN TRANSIT
Definition
<50 kV - 4 feet
50kV-345kV - 10 feet
>345kV-750kV - 16 feet
Term
ANSI (ASME B30.5-1995) power line clearances IN OPERATION 0 to 50kV
Definition
10 feet
Term
ANSI (ASME B30.5-1995) power line clearances IN OPERATION 50kV to 200 kV
Definition
15 feet
Term
ANSI (ASME B30.5-1995) power line clearances IN OPERATION 200 kV to 350 kV
Definition
20 feet
Term
ANSI (ASME B30.5-1995) power line clearances IN OPERATION 350 kV to 500 kV
Definition
25 feet
Term
ANSI (ASME B30.5-1995) power line clearances IN OPERATION 500 kV to 750 kV.
Definition
35 feet
Term
ANSI (ASME B30.5-1995) power line clearances IN OPERATION 750 kV to 1,000 kV.
Definition
45 feet
Term
ANSI (ASME B30.5-1995) power line clearances IN TRANSIT 0 to .75 kV
Definition
4 feet
Term
What do you do if the crane contacts power lines?
Definition
Stay in the cab unless fire or arcing makes it necessary to leave.
Term
Preferred method of dealing with power lines and transmitters.
Definition
Have them de-energized.
Term
Crane height at which the FAA must be notified using form number 7461-1.
Definition
200 feet.
Term
What authority does the manufacturer's manual for the crane have?
Definition
It carries the power of law.
Term
Available line pull
Definition
The pull effort that the winch is able to apply to the hoist line.
Term
Allowable line pull
Definition
The Safe Working Load of the wire rope, which indicates the maximum load that can safely be applied.
Term
Minimum Blocking Area for average soil conditions.
Definition
float area X 3
or
Crane capacity in tons divided by 5
Term
Reduction in loads for duty cycle operations.
Definition
reduce BY 20%
or
reduce TO 80%
Term
Which pins should not be pulled when disassembling a lattice boom?
Definition
Pins behind the pendent, they are under tension.
Term
Load Radius
Definition
The horizontal distance between the Axis of Rotation and the load's Center of Gravity.
Term
All climbing surfaces must have what type of finish?
Definition
non-slip.
Term
Running Standard Wire Ropes out of service criteria
Definition
3 broken wires per strand per lay
or
6 broken wires randomly distributed per lay
Term
Running Rotation Resistant Wire Rope out of service criteria
Definition
2 broken wires per 6 diameters
or
4 broken wires per 30 diameters
Term
All Wire Ropes at end fitting out of service criteria
Definition
2 broken wires within one lay
Term
Standing Wire Rope, not at end out of service criteria
Definition
3 randomly distributed per lay
Term
Wire Rope Slings out of service criteria
Definition
5 per strand per lay
or
10 randomly distributed per lay
Term
OSHA Cranes in General Industry Standard
Definition
CFR 1910.180
Term
OSHA Cranes in Construction Standard
Definition
CFR 1926.1400
Term
ANSI / ASME standard on cranes
Definition
B30.5
Term
ANSI / ASME standard on slings
Definition
B30.9
Term
ANSI / ASME standard on Below The Hook Lifting Devices
Definition
B30.20
Term
Under what circumstance is the lift limited to 85% of the tipping load?
Definition
When operating on outriggers.
Term
Under what circumstance is the lift limited to 75% of the tipping load?
Definition
When operating on rubber or tracks.
Term
Under what circumstance is the lift limited to 80% of capacity?
Definition
During duty cycle operations.
Term
Under what circumstance is the lift limited to 50% of capacity?
Definition
During suspended man basket operations
Term
Design Factor of standard wire rope used as a hoist line in lifting service.
Definition
3.5
Term
Design factor of a rotation resistant wire rope used as a hoist line in lifting service.
Definition
5
Term
Design factor of a standard wire rope used as a hoist line in man basket operations.
Definition
7
Term
Design factor of a rotation resistant wire rope used as a hoist line in a man basket operation.
Definition
7
Term
Design Factor of Slings, except chain
Definition
5
Term
Design factor of chain slings
Definition
4
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