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CP2 Respiratory Physiology - Small Group Practice
Questions and stuff
30
Medical
Graduate
01/10/2012

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Cards

Term
5 causes of hypoxemia
Definition

1. Low inspired PO2 (low FiO2 / low barometric pressure)

2. Hypoventilation

3. Diffusion

4. V/Q imbalance

5. Shunt

Term
Which hypoxemia have a normal A-a?
Definition

Low inspired PO2

Hypoventilation

Term
Which hypoxemia causes have a high A-a gradient?
Definition

Diffusion

V/Q imbalance

Term
Which cause of hypoxemia cannot be corrected to 600 PaO2?
Definition
shunt
Term
How does increase in dead space cause hypoxemia?
Definition

V/Q imbalance

(acute status asthmaticus, pulmonary embolism, COPD)

Term
Fibrosis causes
Definition
Diffusion block
Term
Carbon monoxide poisoning gas levels might look like...
Definition

7.08 / 20 / 110

because PalvO2 is high (no hypoxemia)

Term
Minute Ventilation = 
Definition
Tidal volume x Respiratory rate
Term
Delivered O2 = 
Definition
(Hgb x 1.34 x SaO2 + PaO2 x 0.003) x CO x 10
Term
When does the A-a gradient apply?
Definition
when patient is on room air
Term
CO2 x Respiratory rate = 
Definition
a constant. therefore double one halves other
Term
Palv = 
Definition
713 * FiO2 - PCO2 / 0.8
Term
what are cigarrette pack/years?
Definition

# packs/day * years smoking

standardizes way of looking at smokers

Term
White out of a lung
Definition

obstruction -> collapse -> pulls things towards it

fluid in pleural space -> compression -> pushes away

fluid inside lung (pneumonia) -> no shift

Term
Spirometry values FVC and FEV1 show
Definition

FVC shows obstruction (ie asthma)

FEV1 shows severity of obstruction

Term
Lung volumes on a test show
Definition
Restrictions
Term
At TLC the elastic recoil of the lung is about
Definition
30 cm H2O
Term
At TLC the chest wall (diaphragm) is _____ compliant than the lung.
Definition
more
Term
Attempt to ventilate at pressures below _____ so you don't injure lungs.
Definition
35 cm H2O
Term
Normal bicarb
Definition
24
Term
high bicarb can confirm...
Definition
acidosis
Term
FEV1/FVC < 75% indicates
Definition

Obstructive diseases (asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis)

Term
The amount of FVC that is expelled in 1 second is the _____.
Definition
FEV1
Term

Vital capcity is the inspiratory capacity + the end respiratory volume.

If you blow your vital capacity out forcefully, it's called _____.

Definition
FVC
Term
The volumes TLC, RV, FRC are reduced indicates
Definition
Restrictive diseases (pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoid, etc)
Term
With obstructive disease, maximal expiration begins and ends at...
Definition
higher lung volumes and lower flow rates than normal.
Term
With restrictive disease, the lung volumes and flow rates are...
Definition
reduced, but the flow in relation to the lung volume is actually higher than normal.
Term
Fixed large airway obstruction causes
Definition

reduced flow during expiration and inspiration

(ie tumor, lesion, scar)

Term
Variable extrathroacic obstruction causes
Definition
reduced inspiratory flow
Term
Variable intrathoracic obstruction causes
Definition
reduced expiratory flow
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