Term
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Definition
1. Low inspired PO2 (low FiO2 / low barometric pressure)
2. Hypoventilation
3. Diffusion
4. V/Q imbalance
5. Shunt |
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Term
| Which hypoxemia have a normal A-a? |
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Definition
Low inspired PO2
Hypoventilation |
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Term
| Which hypoxemia causes have a high A-a gradient? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cause of hypoxemia cannot be corrected to 600 PaO2? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does increase in dead space cause hypoxemia? |
|
Definition
V/Q imbalance
(acute status asthmaticus, pulmonary embolism, COPD) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Carbon monoxide poisoning gas levels might look like... |
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Definition
7.08 / 20 / 110
because PalvO2 is high (no hypoxemia) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tidal volume x Respiratory rate |
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Term
|
Definition
| (Hgb x 1.34 x SaO2 + PaO2 x 0.003) x CO x 10 |
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Term
| When does the A-a gradient apply? |
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Definition
| when patient is on room air |
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Term
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Definition
| a constant. therefore double one halves other |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what are cigarrette pack/years? |
|
Definition
# packs/day * years smoking
standardizes way of looking at smokers |
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Term
|
Definition
obstruction -> collapse -> pulls things towards it
fluid in pleural space -> compression -> pushes away
fluid inside lung (pneumonia) -> no shift |
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Term
| Spirometry values FVC and FEV1 show |
|
Definition
FVC shows obstruction (ie asthma)
FEV1 shows severity of obstruction |
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Term
| Lung volumes on a test show |
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Definition
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Term
| At TLC the elastic recoil of the lung is about |
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Definition
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Term
| At TLC the chest wall (diaphragm) is _____ compliant than the lung. |
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Definition
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Term
| Attempt to ventilate at pressures below _____ so you don't injure lungs. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| high bicarb can confirm... |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Obstructive diseases (asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis)
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Term
| The amount of FVC that is expelled in 1 second is the _____. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Vital capcity is the inspiratory capacity + the end respiratory volume.
If you blow your vital capacity out forcefully, it's called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The volumes TLC, RV, FRC are reduced indicates |
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Definition
| Restrictive diseases (pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoid, etc) |
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|
Term
| With obstructive disease, maximal expiration begins and ends at... |
|
Definition
| higher lung volumes and lower flow rates than normal. |
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Term
| With restrictive disease, the lung volumes and flow rates are... |
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Definition
| reduced, but the flow in relation to the lung volume is actually higher than normal. |
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Term
| Fixed large airway obstruction causes |
|
Definition
reduced flow during expiration and inspiration
(ie tumor, lesion, scar) |
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|
Term
| Variable extrathroacic obstruction causes |
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Definition
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Term
| Variable intrathoracic obstruction causes |
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Definition
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