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CP2:7 Respiratory Physiology - Compliance
Questions and stuff
25
Medical
Graduate
01/12/2012

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Cards

Term
Factors influencing compliance
Definition

tissue structure and composition

vascular distention

surface tension

Term
surface tension (LaPlace's Law)
Definition

directly proportional to tension

inversely proportional to radius

(The recoil pressure of a bubble is inveresly related to the radius of the bubble.)

Term
the point of the surface tension / recoil pressure shit is...
Definition
as the radius of a balloon goes down, the tendency for it to collapse (pressure goes up) goes up.
Term
inflating a lung with fluid makes it _____ compliant.
Definition
more
Term
surfactant production beings at
Definition

24-26 weeks gestation

(sphingomyelin ration of 2:1 is good indication of fetus lung development)

Term

active breathing is _____

passive breathing is _____

Definition

active -> patient

passive -> machine

Term
chest wall distensibility/pressures can only be measured when
Definition
it's passively inflated using a machine
Term
pneumothorax occurs when
Definition
there is an uncoupling of the lung and chest wall
Term
tension pneumothorax
Definition

breathing in adds pressure but it can't be released

so you either die or stick it with a needle and equilibrate

Term
inspiratory capacity is limited by
Definition
lung compliance
Term
residual volume is limited by
Definition
how much chest can constrict
Term
hysteresis
Definition
to achieve a particular volume, more pressure must be applied on the inlfaction limb of the P-V curve than on deflation
Term

Elasticity of the lung and chest wall are additive.

Equation and normal values are?

Definition

1/CRS = 1/CL + 1/CCW

CL = 200, CCW = 200, CRS = 100

Term
Peak pressure is
Definition

needed to get breath in

dynamic

Term
plateau pressure is
Definition

needed to keep breath in

static

Term
dynamic compliance is lower than static compliance because
Definition
when air is rushing in, the movement adds airway resistance, making compliance lower
Term

dynamic/static compliance = 

 

 

Definition
TV / peak/plat pressure - PEEP
Term

Resistance = 

ResistanceAW

Definition

ΔPressure / flow

(Peak - Plat) / flow

Term
4 things cause peak pressure to increase
Definition

decrease compliance

increase RAW

increase TV

Increase flow

(TV and flow are fixed on respirator)

Term
2 things will cause increase in plateau pressure
Definition

decrease compliance

increase TV

Term

Disease state:

peak pressure decreased

Definition

air leak

hyperventilation

Term

Disease state:

peak pressure unchanged

Definition

pulmonary embolus

extrathoracic process

Term

Disease state with peak pressure increase:

plateau pressure unchanged

Definition

Airway Obstruction


Aspiration

Bronchospasm

Secretions

Tracheal Tube

Obstruction

 

Term

Disease state with peak pressure increase:

Plateau pressure increased

Definition

Decreased Compliance


Abdominal Distention

Asynchronous Breathing

Atelectasis

Auto-PEEP

Pneumonia

Pneumothorax

Pulmonary Edema

 

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