Issue: A high school graduate wanted to go to medical school but he was rejected because of his race.

Decision: The Court held that while affirmative action systems are constitutional, a quota system based on race is unconstitutional.

Importantance: Schools cannot deny someone based on race.

Issue: Charles Schenck produced materials against the draft during WWI.

Decision: People cannot produce materials agianst the draft during times of war.

Importantce: The First Amendment Rights do not cover everything.

Issue: Dollree Mapp was charged with child pornography and her house was searched without a warrent for that charge.

Decision: The Court ruled that the searches where against the Fourth Amendment Rights of unresonable searches.

Importance: The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable seraches and the need of a search warrent.

Issue: Clarence Gideon was charged of burglary but he was never appointed a lawyer.

Decision: A lawyer is appointed if one cannot pay for one.

Importance: Everyone can now have a lawyer if convicted of anything.

Issue: Ernesto Miranda was not read his rights after he was charged of his crime.

Decision: The Fifth Amendment states that everyone should have their rights read and the Arizona Supreme Court ruling was reversed and remanded.

Importance: Everyone must have thier rights read after they are arrested.

Issue: Aaron Ogden was trading on another persons waters.

Decision: The New York law was ruled invalid because the Commerce Clause regulates interstate trade.

Importance: Set a period where the Supreme Court limt the Federal Governments ability to regulate under the Interstate Commerce Clause.

Issue: James McCulloch did not pay the tax to Maryland because the bank was federally ran.

Decision: Maryland had no power to tax the bank and so the state decision was reversed.

Importance: It was the first time the Court invoked the Necessary and Proper Clause.

Issue: Could Congress expand the orginial jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?

Decision: Section 13 of the Judicary Act of 1789 is unconstitutional.

Importance: It established judical review.

Issue: The Tennessee State Constitution states that the legislative districts should be redrawn and they haven't.

Decision: The redistricting of the state legislative districts is not a politcial question, and thus is justicialbe by the federal courts.

Importance: Redistricting is a justicialbe question and will be handled by federal courts.

Issue: The redistricting lines were drawn wrong and was not representing the minoirity.

Decision: Strangly drawn districts do not reflect the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Importance: All redrawn districts must represent an equal population of people.

Issue: The count was so close in Florida, the votes were recounted.

Decision: Any recount under seeking to meet the "safe harbor" deadline is unconstitutional in the 14th Admendment.

Importance: Geogre Bush became President.

Issue: Estelle Griswold opened a birth control clinc in Connecticut. Shortly after, she was arrested for opening the clinic.

Decision: A Connecticut law criminalizing the use of contraceptives violated the right to marital privacy. Connecticut Supreme Court reversed.

Improtance: It establishes privacy in the bill of rights.

Issue: Norma McCorvey attemped to get an illegal abortion with allegations of being raped.

Decision: Texas law making it a crime to assist a women to get an abortion violated her due process rights.

Importance: The 14th Amendment extended its right to abortions.

Issue: The State of Louisiana created a law that blacks and whites ride sepreately on railroad cars.

Decision:Seperated but equal is condsidered constitutional.

Importance: Started racial desegregation.

Issue: Racial Segreation in schools is hurting the minority.

Decision: Sepreate but equal is condsidered unconstitutional.

Importance: Desegregated all schools.