Term
| According to some dude personality is spontaneous behavior that is________ |
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Definition
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| Humanistic theory, all except for |
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Definition
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| Carl Rogers defines Psychological health as |
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Definition
| congruence - close relationship |
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| Freuds definition of Psychological Health is |
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Definition
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Psychologists only help people with problems.
T or F |
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Definition
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Generally, it is a good idea to study in as many different locations as possible rather than always studying in the same location.
T or F |
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Definition
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Correlation = Cause
T or F |
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Definition
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Each cerebral hemisphere is neurologically connected to the opposite side of the body.
T or F |
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Definition
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New brain cells develop each time you learn something new.
T or F |
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Definition
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The master gland of the endocrine system is the pituitary gland.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Smell is 25,000 times more sensitive than taste.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Pain is an adaptive sense that humans use to survive.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Sleep appears to be enjoyable but not necessary to a healthy adult life.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Women are more likely to become intoxicated by the same amount of alcohol than men are.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
| As the sleep cycle evolve through the night, people tend to: spend more time in ______ sleep and less time in _____ sleep. |
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Definition
More time in REM
Less time in nREM |
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Term
| Circadian rhythms control body temp, body rhythms and sleep patterns, but they do not control_____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Optical illusions tend to be: |
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Definition
| influenced by our experiences |
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Term
| When this lobe of the brain is electrically stimulated people report physical sensations, as if they had been touched, for example, on the arm. |
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Definition
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Term
| The largest and most complex part of the human brain is the_____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system comprise the: |
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Definition
| Peripheral nervous system. |
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Term
| The two most basic divisions of the nervous system are the: |
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Definition
Central Nervous System
& the Peripheral Nervous System |
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Term
| The basic parts of a neuron are: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The space between a dendrite of one neuron and the axon of another. |
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Term
| The specific prediction that an experimenter wishes to test in an experiment is referred to as the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The final step in a scientific investigation is to |
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Definition
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Term
| If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship, the _______ variable would be the cause and the ______ variable would be the effect. |
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Definition
Independent variable would be the cause
Dependent variable would be the effect. |
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Term
| A correlation exists when- |
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Definition
| two events are regularly associated with each other. |
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Term
| A psychologist monitors a group of nursery school children during the school day, recording each instance of helping behavior as it occurs, without any intervention. The psychologist is using: |
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Definition
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Term
| Psychology is based on systematic observation rather than pure reasoning or common sense. We can say, therefore, that psychology is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The fact that psychologists do not all agree about the nature and development of personality suggests: |
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Definition
| That there are many ways of looking at the same phenomenon, illustrating diversity! |
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Term
| A sample is supposed to represent the _____ under study |
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Definition
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Term
| A theory is a system of interrelated _______ used to explain a set of observations |
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Definition
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Term
| a Hypothesis is a statement about the relationship between two or more ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| A marathon runner may well experience a phenomenon known as "runner's high" because the pain of a long run may trigger the release of ______ in the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| Sense of _____ is one of the most profound ways to retrieve a memory. |
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Definition
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Term
What does RAS stand for?
What does RAS do? |
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Definition
Reticular Activating System
It holds you still while you dream. |
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Term
| What does REM stand for and what significant activity happens during REM? |
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Definition
Rapid Eye Movement
It is the period of sleep where most dreaming occurs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Interpretation of sensation |
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Term
| What is a neurotransmitter and what does it do? |
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Definition
| A neurotransmitter is a chemical that travels through the synapse to other neurons and transmits data received. |
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Term
| Which lobe of the brain processes balance and movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which lobe of the brain processes memories and ideas? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does myelin do for a nerve? |
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Definition
| It insulates some axons and if something is damage it will allow it to be repaired. |
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Term
| If you are in an experiment and you are part of the control group, do you get treatment? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tell me 2 of the 7 key themes in psychology: |
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Definition
1. Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
2. Psychology is empirical
3. Psychology is theoretically diverse. |
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Term
| Who is known as the "Father of Modern Psychology" |
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Definition
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Term
| Tell me 1 of the 5 terms for SQ3R |
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Definition
Survey
Question
Read
Recite
Review |
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Term
| More then 1/2 of your cerebral cortex is devoted to which sense? |
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Definition
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Term
Intelligence has a high heritability quotient
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
If an idea is original, novel and appropriate it is creative.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
| The semantic memory system is made up of chronological, or temporally dated, recollections of personal experiences. |
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Definition
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Term
The relearning principle implies that once something is initially learned it is not totally forgotten.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Punishment can be used to establish new desired behaviors in children.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
| Negative reinforcers are designed to limit behavior |
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Definition
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Term
| A primary reinforcer has ______ reinforcing properties; a secondary reinforcer has ______ reinforcing properties |
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Definition
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Term
| Positive reinforcement _______'s the rate of responding and the Negative reinforcement ______'s the rate of responding. |
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Definition
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Term
| The continued presentation of the CS without the UCS will result in the gradual disappearance of the CR. This phenomenon is known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Continuous reinforcement occurs when: |
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Definition
| Every occurrence of the designated response is reinforced. |
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Term
| Jane, your teenage daughter, was ridiculed at school for wearing a particular style of shirt. Now, she no longer wears that style of shirt to school. Being ridiculed is an example of a: |
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Definition
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Term
| Learning that takes place by watching another person is referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Your memory of how to brush your teeth is what kind of memory? |
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Definition
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Term
| Your knowledge that birds fly, that the sun rises in the east, and that 2+2=4 are examples of ________ memory. |
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Definition
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Term
| When you listen to a lecture, the information is held in_______ memory until you write it in your notes. |
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Definition
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Term
| An essay exam is most similar to the ______ method of measuring retention. |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ memory is made up of temporally dated recollections of personal experiences. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a guiding principle or "rule of thumb" used in problem solving or decision making. |
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Term
| IQ tests have been proven to be good predictors of: |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Robert Sternberg's Triarchic theory of intelligence, someone who is able to cope well with new or novel tasks would score high in: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an average... a MATHEMATICAL AVERAGE! BOO YAH |
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Term
| _______ is the ability for a test to measure specifically what it is designed to measure and to predict what it is supposed to predict. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ability for a test to yield the same score for the same person if they take it more than once is called _______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Achievement is knowledge and skills obtained by experience. |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of information to reach a conclusion |
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Term
| Inductive vs. Deductive reasoning, in which must the conclusions be true if the premises are true? |
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Definition
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Term
| The capacity of short-term memory can be increased by combining stimuli into larger groups of related information that are known as _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| a multiple-choice question is best described as an example of a _______ measure of retention |
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Definition
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Term
| One basic goal of education is to successfully transfer skills learned in _____ to skills required in ______ ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the magic number for short-term memory and what does it mean to have a magic number for short-term memory? |
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Definition
| 7 is the magic number. and it means that it can hold 7 things at once. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the vonRestorff Effect? |
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Definition
| Its easiest to recall that which stands out. |
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Term
| What is the capacity for long-term memory? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 processes of memory? (ESR) |
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Definition
Encoding - understand/elaborate info
Storage - store it (where it gets put)
Retrieval - finding the stored info. |
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Term
Which is better, massed or distributed practice?
why? |
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Definition
| Distributed is better because it fits through short term memory better. |
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Term
| What is systematic Desensitization? |
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Definition
a plan to overcome a fear.
Ex: putting oneself around snakes to get over it. |
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Term
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Definition
| A technique designed to create a certain behavior in a test subject by reinforcing that response. |
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Term
| Advertisers who pair the products they are promoting with stimuli that elicit positive emotional responses make use of ________ conditioning. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an event following a response that encourages or strengthens the subject to response in the same way again. |
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Term
| Why is punishment not a reinforcement? |
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Definition
| punishment is designed to weaken or suppress a conditioned response |
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Term
Specifically in Pavlov's experiment, identify the following:
USC: CS:
UCR: CR: |
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Definition
USC:Food CS:Bell
UCR:Salivating CR:Saliva |
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Term
Stereotypes are always unflattering.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
People are more likely to develop a relationship with a person who is in close proximity.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Attitudes are learned
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
If people hear a message often enough they begin to believe it, regardless of its validity.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Research suggests that efforts to actively suppress emotions result in decreased autonomic arousal and increased immune function
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Stress and hassles cause illness
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Only negative life changes bring stress
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
A moderate amount of stress is necessary because it keeps us active and involved.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
If you live long enough you will eventually pass through each of Erik Erikson's stages.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Adoptive parents cannot form the same type of secure, close attachment as biological parents can.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Parenting is physically and psychologically healthy for men.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Emotional differences between the sexes are due to differences in physiology.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
Motives are not seeable or measurable.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
| Results of the early studies of hypothalamic manipulation in animals implied that the lateral hypothalamus and the neutromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus may be on-off centers for the control of: |
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Definition
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Term
| The polygraph (lie detector) works by: |
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Definition
| Monitoring physiological indexes of autonomic arousal. |
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Term
| Which theory of emotion implies that "people can change their emotions simply by changing the way they label their arousal? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are irrational thoughts the result of emotions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Piaget's stage of concrete operations is said to be "concrete" because: |
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Definition
| Children can perform operations only on tangible objects and actual events. |
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Term
| The elementary school-age child who does well in school and who receives praise and support at home will develop what Erikson calls a sense of: |
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Definition
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Term
You are way behind in your psychology class and are in danger of flunking. Which of the following qualifies as a defense mechanism in response to this situation?
A. You seek aid of a tutor
B. You decide to withdraw from the class and take it another time.
C. You rationalize that everyone is behind in class and you convince yourself that you will somehow catch up and ace the final
D. You consult with the instructor to see what you can do to pass the class. |
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Definition
| C. You rationalize that everyone is behind in class and you convince yourself that you will somehow catch up and ace the final |
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Term
| The availability of comfort, recognition, approval and encouragement from other people is called _______ and is extremely helpful when people are trying to cope. |
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Definition
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Term
| The week of final exams subjects most students to what kind of stress? |
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Definition
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Term
| Research has shown that the emotional responses to stress may involve either ______ or _____ emotions |
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Definition
| positive or negative emotions. |
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Term
| Active efforts to master, reduce or tolerate the demands created by stress are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| The extent to which people are flexible in coping with their problems is called |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ is the ability to evaluate situations and behavior as right or wrong. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ conditioning can partially explain why people learn to prefer flavors that have been paired with pleasant events. |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when a child is raised in a neglectful or abusive environment |
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Definition
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Term
| What are two healthful coping ideas? |
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Definition
Counseling
writing in a journal / prioritizing. |
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Term
| List three different ways to be a good friend: |
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Definition
| Listen, show interest in their welfare, help them through their problems as much as possible |
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Term
| Choose one of the theories of motivation. Name and describe it: |
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Definition
| Incentive theory - study hard to get an A. Its a pull more than a push. |
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Term
| Your author listed three factors that strongly predict happiness. Tell me one: |
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Definition
social networks (this does not mean facebook or myspace)
Health
Religion |
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Term
| List and describe one of piaget's stages: |
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Definition
| Pre-operational Period, When a child make believes. |
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Term
| Which of Erik Erikson's stages do you think you are currently in and what makes you think so? |
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Definition
Intimacy vs Isolation
I got married and have seen my true colors, I'm a lot more selfish than I originally thought, but I'm a work in progress lol. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is psychological hardiness? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a positive or negative assumption that a group or individual acts or should act a certain way based on popular belief vs actual knowledge/experience. |
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Term
| What is cognitive dissonance? |
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Definition
| acting differently than you believe. |
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Term
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Definition
| our outlook or mood. Our object of thought. |
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Term
Is it better to have a Type A or a Type B personality?
Why? |
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Definition
Type B
Because it is healthier. You aren't so up-tight all the time. |
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Term
| We listed five assumptions about coping. Tell me one: |
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Definition
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Term
| What can you do to make a good first impression? |
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Definition
1. Dress nice
2. Behave with decent manners.
3. Smile
4. Act interested in them and talk little about yourself unless asked. |
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Term
| Which memory system is referred to as" working memory"? |
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Definition
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Term
T or F
Behavior therapists believe that maladjustment disappears once people are taught effective ways of coping. |
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Definition
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Term
| The two most basic divisions of the nervous system are the |
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Definition
| central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system |
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Term
| What is a stratified sample? |
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Definition
| a part of the population. |
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Term
| Who developed a stage theory of moral development? |
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Definition
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Term
| ROY G BIV is a fictitious name people use to help them remember the order of colors in the color spectrum. ROY G BIV is an example of a _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| The behaviour of giving up or not responding is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The CNS has two main parts; they are the _____ and the _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Your memory of how to brush your teeth is what kind of memory? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion: |
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Definition
| emotion occurs when the thalamus sends signals simultaneously to the cortex and to the autonomic nervous system. |
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Term
| Competitive, hostile and constantly striving individuals are labeled as Type A or Type B |
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Definition
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Term
| Negative symptoms in schizophrenia include: |
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Definition
| 1. Behavioral deficits such as flattened emotion, apathy and poverty of speech. |
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Term
| The successive blinking on and off of the lights on the neon sign gave the impression of soda filling a glass. This illusion of motion is the: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Its the manual used to diagnose personality disorders. |
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Term
Investigators using objective measures of emotional stability have found that midlife crises occurred in less than 5% of all individuals they assessed.
T or F |
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Definition
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Term
| A father suggests that his son's low marks in school are due to the child's laziness. The father has made _______ attribution. |
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Definition
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Term
| James Marcia termed individuals who were delaying commitment and actively exploring alternative ideologies as being in a state of identity: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name Carl Jung used to identify the level of the unconscious that stores latent memory traces inherited from our ancestral past? |
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Definition
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