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COS Chemistry
Chemistry terms for Cosmetologists
38
Cosmetology
12th Grade
01/24/2012

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Term
combustion
Definition
Rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light
Term
compounds
Definition
combinations of two or more atoms of different elements chemically joined together
Term
element
Definition
the simplest form of matter; it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity
Term
elemental molecules
Definition
a chemical combination of atoms of the same element
Term
emulsion
Definition
an unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of an emulsifier
Term
exothermic
Definition
chemical reactions that produce heat
Term
glycerin
Definition
sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and moisturizer in skin and body creams
Term
hydrophilic
Definition
water loving
Term
immiscible
Definition
not capable of being mixed
Term
inorganic chemistry
Definition
study of substances that do not contain carbon
Term
ion
Definition
an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge
Term
ionization
Definition
separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions
Term
lipophilic
Definition
oil loving
Term
logarithm
Definition
multiples of ten
Term
matter
Definition
any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight)
Term
miscible
Definition
capable of being mixed with another liquid in any porportion without separating
Term
molecule
Definition
a chemical combination of two or more atoms
Term
oil in water (O/W) emulsion
Definition
oil droplets emulsified in water
Term
organic chemistry
Definition
studey of substances that contain carbon
Term
oxidation
Definition
a chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide
Term
oxidizing agent
Definition
substance that releases oxygen
Term
ph scale
Definition
measures the acidity and alkalinity of a substance
Term
physical change
Definition
change in the form or physical properties of a substance without the formation of a new substance
Term
physical mixture
Definition
physical combination of matter, in any proportion
Term
physical properties
Definition
characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the subtance
Term
pure substance
Definition
chemical combination of matter in definite proportions
Term
redox
Definition
contraction for reduction-oxidation; chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized
Term
reduced
Definition
to subtract oxygen from or add hydrogen to a substance
Term
reduction
Definition
the chemical reaction of subtracting oxygen from, or adding hydrogen to, a substance
Term
silicones
Definition
special type of oil used in hair conditioners and as water-resistant lubricants for the skin
Term
solute
Definition
substance that is dissolved in a solution
Term
solution
Definition
stable mixture of two or more mixable substances
Term
solvent
Definition
substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution
Term
surfactants
Definition
surface active agents; substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify
Term
suspension
Definition
unstable mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid
Term
volatile
Definition
easily evaporating
Term
volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
Definition
substances containing carbon that evaporate quickly and easily
Term
water in oil (W/O) emulsion
Definition
water droplets emulsified in oil
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