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Corporate Financial Accounting 11 Edition Chp 1-2
Terms and definitions etc
59
Accounting
Not Applicable
07/17/2012

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Term
Profit
Definition
Difference between the amounts receied from customers for goods or serices and the amounts paid for the inputs used to proide the goods or services.
Term
Service Businesses
Definition
Provide services rather than products to customers.
Term
Merchandising Businesses
Definition
Sell products they purchases from other businesses to customers.
Term
Manufacturing businesses
Definition
Change basic inputs into products that are solde to customers.
Term
Accounting
Definition
An information system that proides reports to user s abotu the economic activities and condition of a business.
Term
Managerial accounting/Management accounting
Definition
Objective is to provide relavant and timely information for managers and employees decision-making needs.
Term
Private accounting
Definition
Managerial accountants employed by a business
Term
Financial accounting
Definition
Area of accounting that proides external users with information
Term
Ethics
Definition
Moral principles that guide the conduct of individuals
Term
Accounting Standards Board(FASB)
Definition
Has primary responisbility for developing accounting principles.
Term
Securities and Exchange Comission(SEC)
Definition
An agency of the U.S. Government, has authority over the accounting and financial disclosures for companies who shares of ownership(stock) are traded and sold to the public.
Term
International Accounting Standards Board(IASB)
Definition
Issues International Financial Reporting Standards(IFRSs)
Term
Business entity concept
Definition
Limits the economic data in an accounting system to data related directly to the activities of the business.
Term
Proprietorship+Partnership
Definition
Owned by one individual. Easy and cheap to organize. Resources are limited to those of the owner.
Used by small businesses. 10% of business organizations in the United States
Term
Corporation
Definition
Organized uner state or federal statutes as a separate legal taxable entity.

-Generates 90% of business in the United States.
Ownership is divided into shares called stock
Can obtain large amounts of resources by issuing stock.
used by large businesses.
Term
Corporation
Definition
Organized uner state or federal statutes as a separate legal taxable entity.

-Generates 90% of business in the United States.
Ownership is divided into shares called stock
Can obtain large amounts of resources by issuing stock.
used by large businesses.
Term
Limited Liability Company(LLC)
Definition
10% of business organizations in the UNited States(combined with partnership)
Often used as an alternative to a partnership
-Has tax and legal liability advantages for owners
Term
Assets
Definition
Resources owned by a business. Includes cash, land, buildings, and equipment.
Term
Rights or claims to the assets
Definition
1) The rights of creditors
2)Rights of owners

Creditors have the rights of debts of the business and these are called liabilities.

Owner's rights are called owner's equity.
Term
Accouting Equation
Definition
Assets=Liabilities+Owner's Equity
$100,000-$30,000=$70,000
Term
Business Transaction
Definition
Economic condition that changes an entity's financial condition or its results of operations
Term
Capital stock
Definition
Stock issued to owners(stock holders)
Term
Stockholder's equity
Definition
Owner's equity in a corporation
Term
Revenue
Definition
Money earned by selling goods or services to it's costumers
Term
Account payable
Definition
The liability created by a purchase on account
Term
Prepaid Expenses
Definition
Items such as supplies that will be used in the business in the future. These bad boys are motha fcuken' assets!!!WOOTs
Term
Revenue from providing servies is recorded as fees earned.
Definition
Term
Revenue from a sale of merchandise is recorded as sales.
Definition
Term
Other examples of revenue
Definition
Rent whic his recorded as rent revenue

Interest is recorded as interest revenue
Term
Retained earnings
Definition
Is stockholder's equity created from business operations through revenue and expense transactions.
Term
Financial statements
Definition
Reparts prepared for users that provide information
Term
Income statement
Definition
A summary of the revenue and expenses for a specific period of time such as a month
Term
Retained earnings
Definition
A summary of the changes in retained earning that have occured during a specific period of time, such as a month.
Term
Balance Sheet
Definition
A list of the assets, liabilities, and stockholder's equity as of a specific date, usually at the close of hte last day of the month or year.
Term
Statement of cash flows
Definition
A summary of the cash receipts and cash payments for a specific period of time, ausch as a month or year.
Term
Matching concept
Definition
Concept is applied by matching the expenses incurred during a period with the revenue that those expenses generated.
Term
Net Income/net profit/earnings
Definition
Excess of the revenue over the expenses
Term
Net Loss
Definition
If the expenses exceeed the revenue, the excess is the net loss.
Term
Account
Definition
Separate record designed to show the increased and decreases in each accounting equation element.
Term
T sccount
Definition
Left side is debit
Right side is credit
Term
Balance of the account
Definition
Excess of the debits of an asset account over its credits
Term
Ledger
Definition
Group of accounts for a business entity
Term
Chart of accounts
Definition
List of the accounts in the ledger
Term
Liabilities
Definition
Debts owned to outsiders(creditors)
Term
ockholder's equity
Definition
assets of the businesss.Stockholder's right to the
Term
Dividends
Definition
A dvidends account represents distributions of earnings to stockholders.
Term
Reveues
Definition
Are increases to stockholder's equity(retained earnings) as a result of selling services or products to customers.
Term
Expenses
Definition
Result from using up assets or consuming servies in the process of genratin revenues
Term
Double entry accounting system
Definition
System based on teh accounting equation and requires

1. Every business transaction to be recored in at least two accounts.

2. The total debits recorded for each transaction to be equal to the total credits recorded.
Term
Stockholder's equity accounts are increased by credits
Definition
Term
Revenue accounts are increased by credits and decreased by debits
Definition
Term
Expense accounts are increasd by debits and decreased by credits
Definition
Term
Asset accounts are increased with debits, asset accounts normally have debit balances.

Liability accounts normally have credit balances.
Definition
Term
Journalizing
Definition
Process of recording a transaction in the journal
Term
Journal entry
Definition
entry in the journal..lolz.
Term
Posting
Definition
Process of transferring debits and credits from the journal entries to the accounts
Term
Correcting journal entry
Definition
If the error has already been journalized and posted to the ledger a correcting journal entry is normally prepared.
Term
Horizontal analysis
Definition
Amount of each item on a current financial statement is compared with the same item on an earlier statement.
Term
Paying an account payable will decrease liabilities and decrease assets.
Definition
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