Term
|
Definition
1. chronic bronchitis
2. Emphysema
3. Asthma |
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Term
| a chronic productive cough for 3 months in 2 consecutive yrs in a patient whom other causes of chronic cough have been excluded achieves a Dx of: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| abnormal and permanent enlargement of the airspaces that are distal to the terminal bronchioles: |
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Definition
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Term
| chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role |
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Definition
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Term
| is the death rate from COPD rising or falling? |
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Definition
| rising; doubled every 5 yrs in the past 2 decades |
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Term
|
Definition
| chronic exposure to irritants; tobacco smoke, pollution, infections. genetic def in alpha1antitrypsin is major contributor but does not have to be present |
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Term
| In the bronchitic component of COPD name 4 elements that contribute to airway narrowing: |
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Definition
1. mucus plugging from mucus gland hyperplasia
2. inflammation (chronically leading to:)
3. fibrosis &
4. edema |
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|
Term
| in the emphysema component of COPD what contributes to airway narrowing? |
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Definition
| loss of tissue support; structure is degraded from elastase activity |
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Term
| what about emphysema would produce dilated air spaces? |
|
Definition
| destruction of alveolar septum producing one large alveolar sack |
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|
Term
| abnormal weakening & enlargement of all air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles |
|
Definition
| panlobar or panacinar emphysema |
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|
Term
| panlobar or panacinar emphysema is cased by: |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Most common form of emohysema: it is assoc w: |
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Definition
| centrilobar or centricinar emphysema is associated with chronic bronchitis |
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|
Term
| centirlobar or centricinar emphysema primarily involves the _________ ________ as opposed to panlobar wich involves ________ ________. |
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Definition
| centrilobar involes the respiratory bronchioles and panlobar invlolves everything distal to the terminal bronchioles |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| what is the major complaint of a "blue bloater" |
|
Definition
| major complaint is chronic productive cough |
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Term
| 7 clinical presentations of a blue bloater: |
|
Definition
1. overweight, cyanotic
2. chronic productive cough
3. late 30's/40's
4. mild dyspnea
5. comfortable at rest
6. "Noisy" chest - wheezing |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| what is the major complaint of a pink puffer? |
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Definition
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Term
| is cough a common complaint in pink puffers? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what age are pink puffers |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are breath sounds assoc with pink puffers? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| describe the physical appearance of an emphysema patient: |
|
Definition
| >50, thin (evidence of weight loss), no peripheral edema, barrel chest, struggles to breath |
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|
Term
| 5 key indicators for COPD Dx: |
|
Definition
1. chronic cough
2. chronic sputum production
3. dyspnea
4. repeated episodes of acute bronchitis
5. Hx of exposure to risk factors |
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|
Term
| halmark finding in CXR of emphysema: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| increased interstitial markings in CXR (dirty lungs) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ABG on chronic bronchitis show: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| H&H on chronic bronchitis shows: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| PFT in chronic bronchitis shows: |
|
Definition
| epiratory flow obstruction |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| flattened diaphragm, hyperinflation (air is black, decreased vascular markings |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| epiratory flow obstruction |
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|
Term
| measurement used for Dx, prognosis, severity assesment & monitoring progression |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what 3 spirometry values are we interested in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which medications are central to the management of COPD? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 classes of bronchodilators: |
|
Definition
1. beta2 agonists
2. anti-cholinergics
3. methylxanthines |
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|
Term
| suffix for beta2 agonists: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| suffix for anticholinergics: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| suffix for methylxanthines: |
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Definition
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Term
| in addition to bronchodilators, __________ are recommended for stage III/IV COPD. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| most COPD exacerbations are due to: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which 2 vaccines may prevent exacerbations? |
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Definition
| pneumococcal and influenza |
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|
Term
| productive cough, hypoxia, hypercapnea, edema, smoker, cor pulmonale: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| hypercapnea, >mucus, SOB, wheezing, frquent URIs, prolonged expiration, ineffective cough |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| stage I COPD, avoid risk factors, vaccine, short acting bronchodilator |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| stage IV COPD (very severe), long term O2 therapy, surgery, corticosteroid, bronchodilator |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| stage III COPD FEV1 post dilator: |
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Definition
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