Contain progesting only (pill or injectable) or estrogen/progestin combination (in pills, a patch, and a ring)

Use of POP's as a contraceptive method is mostly recommended for lactating (breastfeeding) women, because estrogen reduces the mil production. They are sometimes uesd for women who cannot tolerate or have a contraindication to estrogen

What are Estrogen and progesting comination oral contraceptives (COCs) used for?

They inhibit the production of both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH, which prevents ovulation.

COCs are used for various indications, including pregnancy prevention, dysmenorrhea, PMS, perimenopausal symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats, as well as pregnancy protection), anemia due to excessive period-releated blood loss, and acne (in females).

They are sometimes used for reduction in premenstrual migraine (a common migraine in women) although continuous progestin-only contraception is useful for this purpose

Estrogen can cause nausea, breast tenderness/fullness, bloating, weight gain or elevated blood pressure

Progestin can cause breast tenderness, headache, fatigue or change in mood

What should occur if late cycle breakthrough bleeding occurs (after day 21)

Women with what conditions should not use estrogen-containing birth control medications?

Ampicillin

Griseofulvin

Sulfonamides

Tetracycline

Rifampin

Rifapentine

What kind of formulation should be recommended for a woman who is breastfeeding?

progestin only pill

What kind of formulation to recommend if a woman has a clotting disorder or estrogen-contraindication

Kind of formulation to use if woman has estrogenic side effects

Kind of formulation to recommend if the woman has spoting ("breakthrough bleeding")?

When starting wait for three cycles before switching. If persists use higher estrogen and progestin if mid-cycle spotting (days 14-21) or more progestin if spotting occurs later in cycle

Use longer formulation Seasonale or Seasonique (every 3 months) or Lybres (continuous)

Choose amoung various formulations, if with aura choose progestin only pill.

Yasmin or Yaz

Progestin component helps to reduce water retention

Progestin component, is a mild diuretic. It retains potassium, and in contraindicated with renal or liver disease. Check potassium, renal function and use of other potassium-retaining agents.

Can use most formulations; combinations approved for acne are Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Estrostep, and Yaz

Loestrin 24 Fe

This is a monophasic COC, meaning all active pills contain the same level of hormones

Kariva

This is a monophasic COC, meaning active pills contain the same level of hormones

Aprl

This is a monophasic COC, meaning active pills contain the same level of hormones

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Brand name for Ethinyl Estradiol/Drospirenone

Yasmin 28

This is a monophasic COC, meaning active pills contain the same level of hormones

Brand name for Ethinyl Estradiol/Levonorgestrel?

Alesse - 28

Low Estrogen COC (20 mcg estrogen, compared to ~ 35 mcg). Used to decrease withdrawal symptoms (emotions/physical) and bleeding.

Brand name for Ethinyl Estradiol/Desogestrel

Avlane, Kariva

Low Estrogen COC (20 mcg estrogen, compared to ~ 35 mcg). Used to decrease withdrawal symptoms (emotions/physical) and bleeding.

LoSeasonique

Low Estrogen COC (20 mcg estrogen, compared to ~ 35 mcg). Used to decrease withdrawal symptoms (emotions/physical) and bleeding.

Seasonale

Last three months

Seasonique

Last three months. Shorter placebo period (and for PMDD)

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Lybrel

12 months

LoSeasonique

3 months, with 20 mcg EE