Term
| Drug company advertising to physicians |
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Definition
| they spend 10,000 per year per physician on advertising. They give free samples and hold seminars that have free meals and vacations to advertise drugs. there advertising also supports most medical magazines |
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Term
| Direct to Consumer Advertising |
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Definition
| in 1997 the FDA loosened the rules about this and the US (the only country to allow this) found it to be very profitable. Many doctors, not wanting to ruin there rating by the HMOs prescribe the advertised drugs more to make patients happy. |
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Term
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Definition
| these were products that are no longer allowed to be advertised because the benefits are overstated and understated the risks. |
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Term
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Definition
| a progressive, Chronic condition that is characterized by compulsion, loss of control, continued drug use despite adverse consequences, and distortions of normal thinking |
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Term
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Definition
| (tissue dependence) a biological adaption to long term exposure to a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| an adaption of the body to a drug so that larger doses are needed to produce the same effect |
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Term
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Definition
| (psychological dependence) an intense craving for the drug. it becomes injurious when a person becomes so consumed by the need for the disred drugged state that all of that person's energy is siphoned into compulsive drug seeking behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| they bind to specific receptors on the surface of, or within specific cells in the body. A drug works as a lock and key type of deal. It resembles a hormone or neurotransmitter and replaces that in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| this is a medical reason for not taking a drug (for example not taking birth control because of a blood vessel disease) |
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Term
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Definition
| a consequence of physical dependence (abstience syndrome) this happens when the body is trying to adapt to the absence of a drug that the body had become physically dependent on. Withdrawl symptoms are often opposite of what the drug does |
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Term
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Definition
| when a person uses any drug to thye point where health is adversely affected of the ability to function in society is impaired. This refers more to how the drug is being used rather than the amount... when someone can not experience pleasure w/out the drug or is using it to cover feelings it is being abused |
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Term
| Cause of death among smokers |
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Definition
| Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Bronchitis, and emphysema. |
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Term
| what is the cost of smoking to the US population |
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Definition
159 billion dollars a year and 35 billion are covered by smokers.
for every pack= 4$ |
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Term
| death rate among smokers vs non smokers |
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Definition
| smokers die an average of 7 years earlier, 5 million people die from smoking each year |
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Term
| how tobacco companies mislead people |
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Definition
| make it seem attractive sexy slim and of high social status, also they make smokeless tobacco seem less harmful |
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Term
| how tobacco companies mislead people |
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Definition
| make it seem attractive sexy slim and of high social status, also they make smokeless tobacco seem less harmful |
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Term
| effects of second hand smoke |
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Definition
| ETS releases the same 4000 chemicals into the air, however its even more harmful because it is unfiltered. it gives 3,000 adults from lung cancer and 50000 from heart disease |
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Term
| What are factors that affect the rate of alcohol absorption |
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Definition
| food, especially fatty foods or protiens slow the rate of absorbtion. Non-alocholic substances in beer, wine and cocktails can also slow the rate of absorption. Carbon dioxide speeds this rate up. |
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Term
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Definition
| when a person has personal and health problems with alcohol that are sever. This person has an intense craving for alcohol, are unable to control drinking, are physically dependent on alcohol and may experience Delirium tremens when withdrawling from alcohol |
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Term
| college students who drink |
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Definition
| are more likely to miss class, get behind in school work, do something they regret, have unprotected sex, to get in trouble, to be injured or damage property,to drive dangerously, to hurt peoples feelings and to need someone to take care of them |
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Term
| why do people see the doctor? |
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Definition
because they think they are sick and are, because they think they are sick but are actually well, and people who are well but are worried they are not.
they normally go for minor complaints, follow ups on chronic illnesses or just need reassurence |
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Term
| how many people in the US do not have health insurence? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| this is a type of health insurence plan that the patient has complete control over who they see and the orginization pays some percentage of the costs. This plan does not cover all services, and someotimes the 20% co-pay is more than people can handle |
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Term
| Health Maintenance Orginizations |
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Definition
| HMOs- a type of managed care health insurence, The patient pays for the insurence and the health care provider is reimbursed by a specific pre-agreed on prce. This discourages some physicians from ordering expensive procedures and rewards doctors for not referring patients to specialists |
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Term
| Preferred Provider Organizations |
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Definition
| PPOs- a type of managed care that the insurence companies negotiate low fee-for- service rates with selected health care providers. Patients must use the PPO doctor in order to be re-imbursed. |
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Term
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Definition
| this is a twist on the HMO, in this you can be referred to specialists who are not an HMO member and still recieve reimbursment, but if you dont get the referral then you dont get the coverage. |
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Term
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Definition
| provides health care to people who are over 65, disabled or have kidney disease. all people can get part A, but part B costs money and pays for 80% after a 100$ deductable of physicians fees, diagnostic tests, and other medical expenses. Part D is an expensive thing that covers prescriptions |
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Term
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Definition
| this is for people who are economically disadvantaged |
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Term
| Reasons of rising medical costs |
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Definition
| physicians fees, cost of prescription drugs and malpractice insurence. Cost of hopsital rooms and ER services, and health insurence. Also unhealthy lifestyles. |
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Term
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Definition
| when physicians incorporate alternative methods with medical practices. |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the worlds oldest medical systems which has been practiced in india for more than 4000 years. It says that health is a balance between mind, body and spirit. means "life knowledge" believes in the five elements, earth, water, fire, air and space. Also believes in balanceing the 6 tastes |
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Term
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Definition
| the most widely used in America and around the world, This is about 200 years old. it is based on the principles that substances that create the same symptoms as the disease wil lcure it, the law of proving that gives the medicine to healthy people, and that smaller doses are better than undiluted stuffand that vital forces must be released. |
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Term
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Definition
| founded in the United states in 1900 by Daniel David Palmer, believed that all diseases were cuased by a subluxed vertebrae. it eventually divided into the "straights" and "mixers" |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to chiropractic, it is basically treatment by manipulation of the spine and other structural parts of the body. these people have a DO degree and go through much of the same training as a doctor. Founded in the US by Andrew Tayer still. |
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Term
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Definition
| an intergral part of traditional chinese medicine and is at least 5,000 years old. It is thought that puncturing one of the 12 major meridians (the channels that carry life force chi) that it would re-balance the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| these have been used for centuries, they work in most of the same way as medicines do |
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Term
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Definition
| A uniquely American approach to health that arose in the late nineteenth century. it emphasizes the prevention of disease and the individuals responisbility for a healthy life style. Basically they believe that the body is capable of heal itself and that the underlying reason for sickness is necessary |
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Term
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Definition
| uses long strokes, kneading of musicles and friction techniques on the outer layer of the body. Uses active and passivee movements of the joints. |
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Term
| Shiatsu and acupressure massage |
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Definition
use pressure on specific points of the body to teat pain and improve body fuctions. shiatsu-fingers, elbows, feet
acupressure- fingers |
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Term
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Definition
| an ancient hawaiian healing art that is a form of spiritual massage used to restor mind-body harmony |
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Term
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Definition
| developed by Ida Rolf, to realign the body by deep and often painful massage of underlying myofascial tissue. Structural integration |
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Term
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Definition
| gentle touch and verbal communication is used to relieve suppressed emotions locked into musuculature from past traumas |
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Term
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Definition
| uses fingure prssure on trigger points in painful or imflamed areas of musicle to break the cycles of spasm and pain |
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Term
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Definition
| uses fingure prssure on trigger points in painful or imflamed areas of musicle to break the cycles of spasm and pain |
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Term
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Definition
| a centuries old alternative medicine in wich the essential oils of plants are administered so the chemicals contained in the oils are absorbed into the body and act as drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| (magnetic therapy) invovles the use of static magnetic fields or pulsed magnetic fields created by electrical currents to treat a wide variety of ailments, esp pain. |
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Term
| factors affecting Motor Vehicle Saftey |
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Definition
| Alcohol use has to do with 41% of all crashes, whether or not seat belts were used,whether or not someone was talking on the cell phones, 16 and 17 year olds get in more accidents, road conditions, speed and air bags |
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Term
| poisoning by gases and vapors |
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Definition
| this is mostly caused by carbon monoxide from stoves, heating equipment, and standing running cars. Most are suicide, but some are accidental. people 15 to 24 are most likely to die this way and men are 3 times more likely to kill themselves this way. 10% of unintentional fatalities are from a non-car source |
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Term
| strategies for preventing unintentional accidents |
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Definition
| education, replacing old and used things, keepeing roads done ect ect |
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Term
| Us population and car accidents |
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Definition
| they are the leading cause of death in people ages 6-27, 44,000 people die annually, 2.5 million suffer disabling injuries. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the normal changes in body function that occur after sexual maturity and continue until death. |
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Term
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Definition
| the average length of time that memebers of a population can expect to live. This is effected very little by major diseases but is mostly effected by the slowing of aging |
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Term
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Definition
| for humans this is about 120,this is the theorectical maximum number of years that individuals of a species can live |
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Term
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Definition
| the age at which half the members of a population have died |
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Term
| Alzheimer's Disease and Senile Dementia |
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Definition
| the media term for impairment or loss of cognitive functions in elderly persons. Alzheimers is the cause of more than 1/2 of senile dementia. AD people have bundles of tangled nerve fibrils in certain areas of thebrain and the protien amyloid protein. |
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Term
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Definition
| early onset AD, a rare form of the disease and usually develops in susceptible individuals who are less than 60. |
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Term
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Definition
| caused largely by enviromental factors, and age. 8-10 years after diagnosis= death |
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Term
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Definition
| the second most common cause of neurodegerative disease among older people. "the shaking palsy" it is characterized by tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (frozen and cannot move), and postural instability. can be caused by genes and the enviroment |
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Term
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Definition
| it is the most common metabolic bone disease. results from poor diet, smoking, alcohol consumption and lack of excersice. This occurs when the rate of bone breakdown exceeds the raate of bone renewal. |
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Term
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Definition
| this is age related vision loss, when the central portion of hte retina consists of a structure called the macula, these cells begin to die with old age. |
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Term
| Intimate Partner Violence |
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Definition
| physical, sedxual or psychological harm by a current or former intimate partner or spouse. it also includes threats and stalking |
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Term
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Definition
| the physical, mental or sexual maltreatment or neglect of a child. |
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Term
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Definition
| this includes rape, incest, attempted rape and unwanted sexual touching |
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Term
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Definition
| the second leading cause of death among people 10 to 24. 1 in 12 students have carried guns in the last month. 11 states pased the brady bill |
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Term
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Definition
| people who nevr show any signs of anger and internalize thier feelings until eventually there is major bodily damage. |
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Term
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Definition
| individulas who erupt like a colcano and spread their temper like hot lava, destroying anyone and anything in their path iwth either verbal or phyiscal abuse. this makes new headlines |
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Term
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Definition
| people who neighter repress their anger nor explode, but rather deny themselves a proper outlet of anger because of feelings of guilt (excessive shopping, eating or sleeping) |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals who sabotage or seek revenge against someone through barely socially acceptable behavior |
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