Term
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Definition
| Diversity of all alleles in populations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Applied studies of the behavior of alleles in a population. |
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Term
| 1st Concern about Genetic Diversity |
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Definition
| Preserving enough genetic variation to maintain a population's evolutionary potential. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to adapt to changing environments. |
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Term
| Fisher's Fundamental Theorem |
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Definition
| Rate of evolutionary change is related to the amount of genetic diversity. |
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Term
| 2nd Concern about Genetic Diversity |
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Definition
| Preventing the accumulation of harmful mutations & fixation of deleterious alleles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Environment, different alleles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Heritable factors that code for particular traits, sequences of DNA nucleotides that code for proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| Particular location on chromosome where gene is found. |
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Term
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Definition
| Only occur in one form, make only one form of protein. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two complete sets of chromosomes (1 mother, 1 father), 2 copies of each gene. |
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Term
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Definition
| Alternate versions of a gene. |
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Term
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Definition
| Both alleles are the same. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Levels of Genetic Diversity |
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Definition
| Among taxa, species, subspeces, populations, individuals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ultimate source of diversity, produces new alleles, most are deleterious. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can result in loss of genetic diversity. |
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Term
| Allozymic Electrophoresis |
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Definition
| Not used widely anymore, technique used to separate molecules by size & charge. |
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Term
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Definition
| Demonstrated considerable genetic variation in actual populations. |
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Term
| Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphus |
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Definition
| Uses restriction enzymes to cut a section of DNA into smaller pieces (fragments). |
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Term
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Definition
| Microsatellites are specific repeated sequences of 1-7 nucleotides. Mutations occur through slippage in DNA copying. |
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Term
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Definition
| One nucleotide substituting for another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Determining the sequence of nucleotide in a section of DNA. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proportion of all alleles that are a particular allele expressed as decimal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proportion of loci that are polymorphic (have >1 allele). |
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Term
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Definition
| Proportion of loci at which the average individual is heterozygous. Used as indicator of fitness. |
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Term
| Hardy-Weinberg Model (1908) |
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Definition
| Both allele and genotype frequencies in a population remain constant—that is, they are in equilibrium—from generation to generation unless specific disturbing influences are introduced. |
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Term
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Definition
| Diversity promotes stability, more connections, more complex food webs = more redundancy of roles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tested diversity/stability hypothesis, impact of drought on primary productivity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Protect areas w/ exceptional concentration of endemics, great loss of habitat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hotspot Concept - At least .5% of plant species w/ at least 70% loss of habitat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Argued for protecting biodiversity coldspots. |
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Term
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Definition
| Greater ecosystem services, less diversity, less conservation needed to save ecosystem. |
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