Term
| Fibroblasts Functions (3) |
|
Definition
1. synthesize fibers of connective tissues (including collegen fibrils)
2. produce ground substance
3. turn over ECM components |
|
|
Term
| Fibroblast characteristics (4) |
|
Definition
1. lots of RER
2. well developed Golgi
3. secrete materials constitutively
4. few vesicles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inactive fibroblasts; has darker staining nuclei and less RER |
|
|
Term
| Macrophages characteristics (6) |
|
Definition
1. irregular outline
2. bean-shaped/round nucleus
3. large size
4. motile
5. prominent/lots of: golgi, lysosomes, RER
6. arise from monocytes that migrate out of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. phagocytotic
2. initiation of immune response - stimulates plasma cells development and antibody production
3. participates in cell mediated response to infection, cancer, and destruction of old RBC
4. Iron storage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. highly grandular (doesnt secrete constitutively)
2. large ovoid cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. activates immediate hypersensitivity reaction |
|
|
Term
| What do granules in Mast cells contain |
|
Definition
GAG,
histamine (vascular permeability and vasodilation)
neutral proteases (activate complement system)
NCF, ECF (attract neutrophils or eosinophils to area) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used in immediate hypersensitivity reaction. vasodilator and induce bronchial contractions. more potennt than histamine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. clock face nucleus, erratically placed
2. well developed Golgi - pale area besides nucleus
3. develop from B lymphocytes
4. short lived (10-20 days) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. type of leukocyte
2. for allergy or parasitic infection (secretes basic protein)
3. also secretes aryl sulfatase and histaminase
4. phagocytose antigen-antibody complex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breaks down histamine. mediates immediate hypersensitivity reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of leukocyte
-simliar to mast cells
-only source of histamine in blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. type of leukocyte
2. can be T or B lymphocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fat cell; signet ring appearance |
|
|
Term
| Unilocular v. multilocular fat cell |
|
Definition
Uni - common or yellow fat.
multi -
1. brown fat (mostly in babies)
2. increased blood supply
3. multiple droplets per cell
4. more mitochondria
5. direct sympathetic innervation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cytokine secreted by adipocytes
1. increase FA oxidation in skeletal muscle
2. decrease plasma lipid lvl
3. reverses insulin resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cytokine secreted by adipocytes
1. "satiety hormone" - negatively regulate appetite and energy expenditure
2. increases FA oxidation and glucose uptake
3. hyperleptinemia associated with obesity and insulin resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"aerolar"
-few fibers, lots of extracellular fluid and cells
-vascularized
-flexible
-space filling |
|
|
Term
| Dense irregular connective tissue |
|
Definition
-more collagen fibers (not aligned)
-resists tension in all directions
-few cells
-locations: dermis, capsules, submucosa |
|
|
Term
| Dense Regular connective tissue |
|
Definition
-collegen parallel
-resists tension on one axis
-found in: tendon, ligament, aponeuroses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. found in ground substance
2. linear polysaccharides of repeating disaccharide units
3. rigid
4. sugars are sulfanated - hydrophilic and forms gels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. long chain GAG added to protein backbone (mostly carbohydrate)
3. hydrophilic
4. rapid turnover |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of GAG
-only GAG not sulfanated
-in cartilage and synovial fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of GAG
-in cartilage, associates with type II collagen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -proteoglycan found in cartilage and connective tissue proper |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-proteglycan
-bound to cell's internal actin cytoskeleton
-can bind to fibroblast growth factor and facilitate signaling pathway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. mostly protein with (branched) carbohydrate attached
2. structural, organizes ECM, important for development of vasculature, interaction btw neighboring cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of glycoprotein
-has binding domains for cells, collagen, GAG-functions, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of glycoprotein
-in basal laminae, helps epithelial cell adhesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of glycoprotein
-in cartilage.
-helps adhension of chondrocytes to type II collagen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of glycoprotein
-important part of basal laminae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -inelastic, flexible, great tensile strenght |
|
|
Term
| prolyl-and lysyl hydroxylase |
|
Definition
| -hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues in collagen formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removes registration peptides during collagen formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| creates covalent crosslinks between trophocollagen molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-"classic"
-most common
-found in: bone, dentin, capsules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Hyaline and elastic cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-"basal laminae"
-doesnt form fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-"basal laminae"
-anchoring fibrils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-major component is type III collagen
-thinner than normal collagen fibers
-also contain glycoprotein (argyrophilic and PAS-positive)
-found where you need flexible framework (blood vessels, liver, spleen, smooth muscle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-microfibrils around an elastin core
-no hydroxylysine
-desmosine and isodesmosine contribute to elastic property |
|
|
