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1)provides structural support and metabolic support for other tissues and organs
2) carries blood vessels; functions in tissue repair
3) mediates exchange of nutrients/metabolites/waste products between tissue and circulation |
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| what primitive CT is derrived from |
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| contains stallate to spindle shaped cells, jelly like ECM and occasional fibers |
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| contains cells and extra cellular material secreted by cells |
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| determines physical properties of tissues |
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| pointed, elongate, spindle shaped cells |
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| synthesize and maintain protenaceous gorund substance and connective tissue fibers (collagen, elastin and reticular fibers) |
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| fibroblasts with contractile ability |
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| type of fibroblast in CT of lymph nodes and bone marrow |
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| morphologically similar to primitive mesenchymal cells, look like branched fibroblasts |
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| synthesize reticular fiber(reticulin), may have phagocytic function |
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| reticular fibers are not only synthesized by reticular cells, also by ____ |
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| fibroblasts, reticular cells, adipocytes |
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| what are the 3 cell types of connective tissue? |
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| ct cells responsible for storage and metabolism of lipids |
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| generally large baloon shaped, clear spaces filled with "lipid" |
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| generally large baloon shaped, clear spaces filled with "lipid" |
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| extracellular organic material, goo-like |
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| collagen, reticulin, elastin |
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| list the fibers embedded within matrix |
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| at least 19 different types have been identified based on AA sequence |
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| distinct banding pattern of collagen is found around _______ nm |
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| principle fiber in ECM, provides tensile strength |
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| loose and dense CT of skin, tendons, ligaments, bone, and fibrocartilage |
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| where type I collagen is found |
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| hyaline and elastic cartilage |
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| what does type 2 collagen make? |
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| reticulin fibers (thin branching net-like fibers) |
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| reticulin (type 3 collagen) |
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| used for structural support in organs (liver spleen, LYMPH NODES, bone) |
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| produced by reticular cells in lymph nodes, and bone marrow, and by fibroblasts elsewhere, agyrophilic (stains black with silver stain) |
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| collagen found in basement membrane, doesn't form fibers |
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| location of type 6 collagen |
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| dermo-epidermal junctions |
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| location of type 7 collagen |
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| what kind of protein collagen is |
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| initially collagen is synthesized as _______ composed of 3 _ poly peptides to form a triple helix |
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| procollagen is packaged into vesicles and secreted into _____ |
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| extracellular enzymatic modification of procollagen forms _____ fibrils by chopping off the frayed ends |
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| polymerization of tropocollagen into larger bundles forms ________ _____ |
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| several ______ combine to form collagen fibers |
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| several fibers make up a collagen ____ |
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| highly branched, random coiling pattern allows stretching |
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| how are elastic fibers arranged? |
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| synthesized by fibroblasts as tropoelastin pre-cursor, polymerizes in ____ to form elastin |
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| 2 components of elastic fibers |
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| protein cores similar to collagen, surrounded by microfibrils of fibrillin (structural glycoprotein) |
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| t-blue, otherwise elastin looks like pink streak indistinguishable from collagen |
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| what stain makes elsatin fibers "light up" as dark blue |
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| autosomal dominant condition resulting in abnormal elastic fibers |
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| tall stature, long limbs, long thin fingers, also enlarged aorta with increased regurgitation and increased risk of developing a dissecting aneurism |
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| what is characteristic of marfan's syndrome |
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| damages fibrillin, causing sagging and wrinkling |
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| most common and 2nd most common extra cellular fibers |
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| class of proteins fibrillin and fibronectin are |
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| large polypeptides with branched polysaccharide side chains |
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| found in basement membrane, aids in adhesion between cell membrane and ECM via interaction of adhesion molecules called integrins |
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| laminin, entactin, tenascin |
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| 3 non-filamentous molecules popular in recent press |
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| sulfated glycoprotein, major component of basement membrane, produced by most endo and epithelial cells |
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| sulfated glycoprotein, binds with laminin |
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| binds cells to ECM, thought to be important in cell migration in developing nervous system |
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| amorphous, transparent material with properties of a semi-fluid gel |
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| ground substance consists of long unbranched polysaccharide chains of repeating ____ units |
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| amino (NAG or galactosamine) |
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| 1 of 2 sugars in disaccharide is always a _____ sugar |
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| mucosaccharidoses aka ehler's danlose symdrome |
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| autosomal dominant skin fragility/strechiness disease, also presents with hyperflexible joints |
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| most amino sugars of ground substance are _____ |
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| proteoglycans/mucoproteins |
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| most GAG's covalently bond to proteins molecules to form ___ |
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| type of GAG found in most CT, responsible for turgor pressure |
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| GAG found in cartilage and bone |
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| GAG found in cartilage, bone, cornea and intervertebral disk |
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| GAG found in dermis of skin, blood vessels, heart valves |
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| found in basement membrane, lung, liver |
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| what charge are GAG's and do they compact well? |
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| incompressability of water |
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| predominant GAG in loose ct, lacks sulfated side groups |
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| several thousand sugars long, not bound to proteins, helps make barrier to microorganisms |
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| microorganisms produce this to destroy ground substance barrier and facilitate their spread |
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| ct with sparse fibers(not a lot of collagen) and abundant ground substance ->viscous gel-like consistency |
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| supportive fxn, located beneath epithelium and around nerves and vessels |
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| function and location of areolar CT |
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| acts like packing material |
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| provides structural support, abundant fibers, moderate number of cells, lesser ground substance |
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| collagen fibers oriented parallel toeach other, densely packed biers and cells arranged into fascicles (ligaments, tendons, and aponeuroses) |
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| collagen fibers oriented randomly, moderate number of fibers, and few cells |
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| bone, lymph, cartilage, adipose tissue, hematopoetic tissue (mesenychymal and mucous in embryo) |
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| specialized ct types (5 + 2) |
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| adipocytes are derived from |
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| fat is energetically active and has a ___ blood supply |
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| functions in energy storage, thermoregulation, and shock absorber |
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| around abdominal organs, can use this to check to see if someone is starvin |
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| distributed in dermis and around intra peritoneal organs, upt to 20% of body wt in males, 25% in females |
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| highly specilized, present in infants and hibernating animals, used in thermoregulation to maintain body temp |
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| mitochondria, to help maintain heat |
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| what does brown fat have in large numbers |
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| what does frank purdue feed his chickens to make you buy his meat? |
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