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Connective Tissue Disease
Ch. 20
39
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
11/23/2011

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Cards

Term
Rheumatic Disease
Definition
any disease or condition involving the musculoskeletal system.
Term
Autoimmune disease
Definition
Antibodies attack healthy normal cells and tissue.
Term
Arthritis
Definition
Inflammation of one or more joints, clinically characterized as either noninflammatory or inflammatory.
Term
Osteophytes
Definition
In OA when the cartilage and bone begin to erode, the joint spaces narrow and bone spurs form.
Term
Synovitis
Definition
Synovial inflammation, common in advance stages of OA.
Term
Subluxation
Definition
Partial joint dislocation, which eventually lead to immobility, pain, muscle spasms and localized inflammation.
Term
Crepitus
Definition
Continuous grating sensation caused by irregular cartilage, may be felt or heard with ROM.
Term
Ballottement
Definition
Tests for joint effusion ( excess joint fluid) in the knees.
Term
Pannus
Definition
In RA, vascular granulation tissue composed of inflammatory cells that erode aticular cartilage and eventually destroys bone. This eventually leads to secondary osteoporosis.
Term
Vaculitis
Definition
In RA, Inflammation in the blood vessel which can impair blood supply to organs.
Term
Early RA
Definition
Joint stiffness, swelling, pain, and fatigue with generalized weakness and morning stiffness. Anorexia and weight loss is common. With a persistent low grade fever.
Term
Gel Phenomenon
Definition
In RA, Patient has frequent morning stiffness, which last 45min to several hours after wakening. Joints have synovitis and effusion.
Term
Sjogren's Syndrom
Definition
Seen with RA, Causes dry eyes, dry mouth (xerostomia), and a dry vagina.
Term
Felty's Syndrome
Definition
Seen in RA, characterized by enlarged liver, spleen and leukopenia.
Term
Caplan Syndrome
Definition
In RA, Characterized by nodules in lungs and pneumoconiosis. As see in coal miners and asbestos.
Term
Synovectomy
Definition
To remove inflamed synovium.
Term
DMARDS
Definition
Drugs that slow the progression of RA.
*Methotrexate-immunosupression medication, takes 4-6 weeks to become effective. Monitor LFT's, BUN, Creatinine, CBC. AVOID ALCOHOL. Risk for mouth sours and pneumonia, avoid when pregnant.
*Plaquenil: antimalarial drug, used in initial treatment of mild disease. Monitor eye exam.
*NSAID: short term for inflammation and pain. (Celebrex)
Term
Biological response modifiers BRMs
Definition
for RA, They neutralize the TNF, do not give to patients with TB or MS. (do PPD)
*Embrel/ Remicade / Humira
Term
Glucocorticoids
Definition
For RA.
*Prednisone: for their fast acting anti inflammatory and immunosupression effects, can be given in high dose until DMARDs or others take effect.
Term
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE
Definition
A Chronic Progressive, inflammatory connective tissue disorder that can cause major body organs and systems to fail. Characterized by spontaneous remissions and exacerbations. Autoimmune disorder that cause vasculitis.
Term
Myositis (SLE)
Definition
Muscle atrophy from disuse or invasion by the immune complexes or from chronic steroid therapy.
Term
Myalgia
Definition
In SLE muscle pain can occur.
Term
Raynaud's Phenomenon
Definition
In SLE, Exposure to cold and extreme stress the hand and finger as well as their feet can change several different colors.
Term
Serositis
Definition
Peritoneal involvement that includes abdominal pain in SLE. Monitor for vasculitis that can lead to organ failure.
Term
Pancytopenia
Definition
Decrease in all cell types as seen in SLE , monitor CBC.
Term
Temp/Fever
Definition
Biggest sign of an up coming flare up in SLE. REPORT. Protect skin from UV light.
Term
Scleroderma/ Systemic Sclerosis
Definition
A chronic inflammatory, autoimmune connective tissue disease that causes hardening of the skin. Leading cause of death is renal issues. Do not respond as well to treatment increase the mortality rate.
Term
Diffused scleroderma
Definition
Skin thickening on the trunk, face, and proximal and distal extremities.
Term
Limited scleroderma
Definition
Thick skin limited to sites distal to the elbows and knees but also involves the face and neck.
Term
CREST Syndrome (SSc)
Definition
Calcinosis (calcium deposits)
Raynaud's
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly (on the digits)
Telangiectasia (spider like hemangioma)
Term
Arthralgia
Definition
Joint pain and stiffness commonly seen in SSc.
Term
Gout
Definition
Systemic disease in which irate crystals deposit in the joints and other body tissue causing inflammation. Also called gouty arthritis.
Term
Primary gout
Definition
Most common type and results from one of several inborn error of purine (uric acid) metabolism. Uric acid exceeds the excretion, of which can be inherited.
Term
Secondary Gout
Definition
involves hyperuricemia (excessive uric acid in the blood) cause by another disease.
Term
Podagra
Definition
The depositing or uric acid in the great toe, seen in the acute stage of a gouty attack. The Erythrocyte sedimentation rate increases with the inflammation.
Term
Acute Gout
Definition
Joint inflammation that is so painful with a uric acid level >8.5. Synovial fluid aspiration with uric acid crystal gives a positive diagnosis.
Term
Chronic Gout
Definition
Tophi can begin to rupture with sever inflammation. Signs are renal calculi or renal dysfunction are also present.
Term
Polymyalgia rheumatica PMR
Definition
Clinical syndrome characterized by stiffness, weakness, and aching of the proximal musculature (shoulders and pelvic girdle). S/S: low grade fever, arthralgias, fatigue, and weight loss. Stiffness worse in the AM. Increase ESR . Treated with low dose steroids.
Term
Erythema Migrans
Definition
round or oval, flat or slightly raised rash seen in lyme disease. Pain and stiffness in the muscles and joints.
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