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Conflicts
Information for Conflicts Section of A2 Geography Exam
346
Geography
Not Applicable
06/10/2011

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Cards

Term
District/County Council
Definition
Conflict resolution on a local level and everyday district running
Term
Parish/Town Council
Definition
Community Conflict resolution body
Term
National Assemblies
Definition
Local conflict resolution in comparison to Nation Government e.g. Welsh Assembly, Scottish Parliament and Irish Parliament
Term
National Government
Definition
Executive responsibility for legislation and supreme conflict resolution power within the UK e.g. Westminster Parliament
Term
Proactive Role
Definition
Works to prevent conflict before it occurs
Term
Reactive Role
Definition
Reacts to conflicts that occur
Term
The EU
Definition
The European Union formed after WW2 with the intention of international conflict resolution
Term
The UN
Definition
The United Nations, many organisations working together to solve conflict and providing policing actions in conflict zones
Term
Heathrow Airport
Definition
Busiest airport in the world, situated in London UK
Term
32.5%
Definition
All British passengers at airports travel with Heathrow
Term
99%
Definition
Capacity at which Heathrow operates
Term
BAA
Definition
British Airways Association
Term
Greenbelt
Definition
Protected area of undeveloped land around urban areas to prevent urban sprawl
Term
Perry Oaks
Definition
Area of Terminal 5 Expansion
Term
1993
Definition
Planning application for the Heathrow Airport Terminal 5 expansion began
Term
Secretary of State
Definition
Government figure assessing the planning application for Heathrow
Term
May 1995
Definition
Terminal 5 enquiry began
Term
525
Definition
Days duration of the enquiry for the expansion of Terminal 5, the longest in British history
Term
700
Definition
Conditions attached to the Planning Permission given in 2001
Term
2001
Definition
Planning permission given to Terminal 5
Term
November 2000
Definition
Inspectors report on Terminal 5 expansion finished
Term
27th March 2008
Definition
Terminal 5 opened
Term
Stanwell Moor
Definition
Village that could suffer flooding from a stream rerouted for the Terminal 5 expansion
Term
1993
Definition
Report from who that background noise could damage ears, cause sleep deprivation, rises in bloody pressure, headaches and stress
Term
WHO
Definition
World Health Organisation
Term
50-60 decibels
Definition
Harmful noise levels from planes
Term
13.8 million
Definition
Cars travelling to Heathrow
Term
28.1 million
Definition
Cars predicted to travel to Heathrow by 2016
Term
£60 million
Definition
Annual estimated cost of congestion to region surrounding Heathrow
Term
Hillingdon
Definition
Council most opposed to Heathrow expansion
Term
Longford and Hammondsworth
Definition
Villages impacted by the congestion caused by Heathrow
Term
Kyoto Protocol
Definition
International Agreement signed by the UK government, pledging to cut CO2 emissions
Term
15%
Definition
Amount predicted aviation industry contributes to global warming
Term
Friends of the Earth
Definition
Environmental group opposed to terminal 5 expansion
Term
Paris
Definition
Most common destination from Heathrow, accessible by rail
Term
10%
Definition
Rail less harmful than flying
Term
Sipson
Definition
Village that would be completely demolished if a third runway was built at Heathrow
Term
Willie Walsh
Definition
British Airways Chief Executive
Term
British Airways
Definition
The only airline to operate out of Terminal 5
Term
Frankfurt + Charles de Gaulle
Definition
Main competition to Heathrow as 'gateway to Europe'
Term
£80 million
Definition
Cost of the public enquiry
Term
480,000
Definition
Flights per year out of Terminal 5, restricted by the planning permission conditions
Term
18 million tonnes
Definition
CO2 produced a year by Heathrow berfore Terminal 5
Term
32%
Definition
Predicted increase in CO2 emissions after Terminal 5
Term
700
Definition
Homes demolished to build Terminal 5
Term
£4.2 billion
Definition
Cost of Terminal 5 expansion
Term
2000
Definition
Lorries per day through Stanwell Moor
Term
31st March 2008
Definition
'NO' protest against Terminal 5 expansions
Term
Rwanda
Definition
African LEDC, bordering Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania and Burundi
Term
Genocide
Definition
The deliberate extermination of a national, racial, political, religious or cultural group
Term
Hutus
Definition
Ethnic group within Rwanda, traditionally inferior to Tutsis and the majority of the population
Term
Tutsis
Definition
Ethnic group within Rwanda, traditionally superior to Hutus and the minority
Term
85%
Definition
Rwandan population of the Hutu ethnicity
Term
1916
Definition
Belgian colonists issued identity cards in Rwanda, giving Tutsis greater rights and oppurtunities
Term
1959
Definition
Hutu riots occured in Rwanda against inequality and oppression
Term
20,000
Definition
Tutsi deaths in 1959 Hutu riots
Term
Rwandan Independence
Definition
Gained from Belgium in 1962 and a Hutu Government was formed
Term
1962
Definition
Rwandan Independence
Term
President Habyarimana
Definition
Hutu president of Rwanda
Term
RPF
Definition
Rwandan Patriotic Front, made of Tutsi refugees in Uganda
Term
Kagame
Definition
Leader of the RPF
Term
August 1993
Definition
Peace treaty between President Habyarimana and the RPF in Rwanda
Term
6th April 1994
Definition
President Habyarimana's plane is shot down and he is killed in Rwanda
Term
Interhamwe
Definition
Unofficial milita group of Hutus who conducted the genocide in Rwanda
Term
30,000
Definition
Peak number of Interhamwe during Rwandan genocide
Term
3 months
Definition
Duration of Rwandan Genocide
Term
Kigali
Definition
Rwandan capital and origin of the genocide
Term
800,000
Definition
Tutsis and moderate Hutus killed in Rwandan Genocide
Term
10
Definition
UN soldiers killed in Rwandan Genocide
Term
July 1994
Definition
RPF capture Kigali in Rwanda and declare a ceasefire
Term
580,000
Definition
Machetes imported by Habyarimana for use in the Rwandan genocide
Term
2 million
Definition
Hutus flee to Democratic Republic of Congo after ceasefire is declared in July 1994
Term
Bizimungu
Definition
Hutu President established after genocide, arrested on charges of inciting ethnic violence and replaced by his deputy Kagame
Term
5 million
Definition
Deaths following the Rwandan genocide due to conflict of militias in Democratic Republic of Congo
Term
ICTR
Definition
International Court established by the UN to try the ring leaders of the Rwandan genocide
Term
$0.5 billion
Definition
Cost of Rwandan genocide court cases
Term
120,000
Definition
Initally arrested over the Rwandan genocide
Term
20,000
Definition
Charged with lesser crimes in the Rwandan genocide and released in 2003
Term
30,000
Definition
Freed after pleading guilty to crimes in the Rwandan genocide and acting their sentence awaiting trial
Term
34
Definition
Convicted of war crimes in Rwanda's genocide in 2009
Term
31
Definition
Still awaiting sentence for war crimes in Rwanda's genocide in 2009
Term
$5 million
Definition
Reward from the USA for information leading to the arrest of ring leaders in the Rwandan genocide
Term
Gacaca
Definition
Traditional Rwandan courts used in the trial process for the sentencing of Rwandan's war criminals
Term
The UN Partition Plan
Definition
Plan to legalise the creation of some of the Israeli occupation of Palestine in 1947
Term
1947
Definition
The UN Parition Plan of Palestine
Term
Israeli Independence
Definition
Declared in 1948 without international agreement
Term
1948
Definition
Israeli independence declared
Term
Zionists
Definition
Movement for the creation of a Jewish state from the late 1800s, encouraging Jewish immigration to Palestine
Term
1000AD
Definition
Jewish rebellion caused Romans to seize their land
Term
550,000
Definition
Total population of Palestine 1880
Term
526,000
Definition
Population of Arabs in Palestine in 1880, many nomadic herdsmen
Term
24,000
Definition
Population of Jews in Palestine in 1880
Term
630,000
Definition
Population of Jews in Palestine in 1947
Term
1,310,000
Definition
Population of Arabs in Palestine in 1947
Term
Arab-Israeli War
Definition
Occured in 1949 against Arab states such as Palestine, Jordan and Syria. Arabs fled to West Bank and Gaza Strip.
Term
1949
Definition
Arab-Israeli War
Term
Golan Heights
Definition
Strategically important area occupied by Syria until seized by Israel in 1967
Term
The West Bank
Definition
Land won by Israel in 1967
Term
Gaza Strip
Definition
Land won by Israel in 1967, returned to Palestinian rule in 2005
Term
The Six Day War
Definition
Of 1967, when Israel seized Golan Heights, the West Bank and Gaza
Term
1967
Definition
Six Day War in Israel and Israel seized East Jerusalem
Term
1.4 million
Definition
Arab population of the Gaza Strip
Term
2.4 million
Definition
Arab population of the West Bank
Term
1960s
Definition
Political groups in Palestine formed
Term
PLO
Definition
Palestinian Liberation Organisation
Term
Hamas
Definition
Militant anti-Israeli Muslim group, unrecognised by many powers
Term
Fatah
Definition
Non-religious pro-Israeli group
Term
1972
Definition
Members of the PLO captured and murdered 11 Israeli atheletes at the Munich Olympics
Term
1947
Definition
UN proposed control of Jerusalem
Term
1949
Definition
Israel seized West Jerusalem
Term
725km
Definition
Length of the West Bank Barrier
Term
The West Bank Barrier
Definition
Constructed by Israel along border with the West Bank in order to restrict Palestinian movement, especially of sucicide bombers
Term
2002
Definition
Construction of the West Bank Barrier begun
Term
120
Definition
Israeli settlements in the West Bank
Term
1990
Definition
Limited self-government granted to Palestinians
Term
Project Flower
Definition
Suspected Israeli-Iranian effort to develop weapons 1977-79
Term
Iran's Islamic Revolution
Definition
Occured 1979, causing them to sever all ties to Israel
Term
2006
Definition
Conflict between Hamas and Fatah
Term
1987
Definition
Riots in Gaza
Term
87%
Definition
Private businesses in Gaza closed
Term
October 2007
Definition
Hamas controlled Gaza
Term
January 2008
Definition
Refugees escaped from Gaza into Egypt until the border was closed a month later
Term
1000
Definition
Palestinians killed by Israeli atatcks in 2008-09
Term
Lake Kinneret
Definition
key water supply for Israel, subject to salting
Term
600-800m3
Definition
Annual Israeli water supply
Term
50 million litres
Definition
Raw sewage released by Israel into the sea every day
Term
110 million m3
Definition
Annual water usage in Gaza
Term
55 million m3
Definition
Annual recharge of Gaza's water supplies
Term
Izipi Livini
Definition
Israeli leader elected September 2008
Term
Kadima Party
Definition
Leading party in Israel
Term
50%
Definition
Population of Gaza under 15
Term
42.2 million
Definition
Population of Sudan
Term
$1,130
Definition
GNP per capita for Sudan
Term
2005
Definition
War between Arab herdsmen and African farmers in South Sudan ended
Term
Dafur
Definition
Arid impoverished area of West Sudan
Term
2003
Definition
Rebel groups begin civil war in Dafur by attacking government targets
Term
Sudan Liberation Army and Justice and Equality Movement
Definition
Anti-government Sudanese rebel groups claiming that the area of Dafur is neglected by the Arab government.
Term
Janjaweed
Definition
Unofficial pro-Sudanese government militia which attacks towns damaged by government air-strikes
Term
2 million
Definition
People displaced by conflict in
Dafur
Term
180,000
Definition
Death toll in Dafur by May 2005
Term
Chad
Definition
Nation next to Dafur where victims of conflict have sought refuge
Term
200,000
Definition
Refugees fled from Dafur to Chad
Term
600km
Definition
Length of border between Chad and Dafur where many have settled and are still vulnerable
Term
1 million
Definition
Number of children in Dafur threatened by Malnutrition
Term
AU
Definition
The African Union, working to ban military flights and achieve access for aid workers
Term
2006
Definition
Date of peace deal agreed by Dafur rebel groups and Sudanese government allows AU troops into Dafur.
Term
7,000
Definition
Number of AU troops deployed in 2006
Term
2007
Definition
Date agreement to send UN troops to Dafur is made with agreement from the Sudanese government
Term
26,000 + 6,000
Definition
UN and AU troops and police promised to Dafur
Term
13
Definition
Number of rebel factions in Dafur
Term
2 out of 13
Definition
Rebel factions in Dafur that sign 2006 agreement for peace
Term
6,000
Definition
UN and AU troops deployed out of 26,000 promised, in August 2008 due to difficulties transporting troops into the country. A lack of free helicopters and poor infrastructure to blame.
Term
300,000
Definition
Estimated death toll in Dafur in 2008
Term
1,000
Definition
People displaced every month according to Oxfam
Term
1984
Definition
Severe drought in Dafur intensified conflict tensions.
Term
Pre 1066
Definition
Invading forces brought Romans, Judes, Angles, Saxons and Vikings to Britain
Term
1066
Definition
Normans invade Britain
Term
1685
Definition
Hugenots flee France to Britain due to religious persecution
Term
28,000
Definition
Ugandan Asian refugees after expelled from Uganda in 1972
Term
45,000
Definition
Immigrants from Africa to Britain 1998-2002
Term
227,000
Definition
Immigrants freom Indian sub-continent 1998-2002
Term
25,000
Definition
Immigrants from Asia to Britain 1998-2002
Term
370,000
Definition
Polish immigrants registered to work in the UK
Term
500,000
Definition
Polish workers in the UK according to the Polish embassy
Term
7.5%
Definition
Percentage of UK population not born in the UK
Term
91%
Definition
Percentage of UK population White
Term
2004
Definition
18 Soviet block countries including Poland joined the EU
Term
UK, Ireland and Sweden
Definition
3 EU countries allowing free access to live and work after 8 Soviet block countries joined the EU
Term
1:10
Definition
Ratio of Polish migrants to population in Peterborough
Term
293,000
Definition
New Polish imgrants by January 2006
Term
91,000
Definition
Max number of immigrants predicted from Eastern European countries after joining the EU, conducted in June 2003.
Term
64%
Definition
Percentage of immigrants to UK that are Polish.
Term
Northampton, Fenland and Peterborough
Definition
Areas where Polish immigrants settled
Term
£354,000
Definition
Grant given to Peterborough Council to adjust services to cater for Polish immigrants
Term
Lincoln Road
Definition
Area in Peterborough where Polish immigrants settled
Term
10,000
Definition
Number of Polish immigrants in Peterborough
Term
Gdansk
Definition
Baltic Port appealing for Polish workers to return home due to a shortage of workers
Term
80%
Definition
Percentage of Polish immigrants male aged 18-34
Term
£300-£500
Definition
Average weekly wage for immigrants
Term
2012 UEFA tournament
Definition
Event creating jobs in Poland
Term
3.58 million
Definition
Total population of Singapore
Term
75.0%
Definition
Population of Singapore Chinese ethnicity
Term
13.6%
Definition
Population of Singapore Malay ethnicity
Term
8.7%
Definition
Percentage of Singapore population of Indian ethnicity
Term
0.2%
Definition
Percentage of Singapore population of European origin
Term
10
Definition
Streets in Singapore's China Town
Term
4
Definition
Streets in Arab Street in Singapore
Term
6
Definition
Streets in Little India in Singapore
Term
90%
Definition
Percentage of population live in high-rise apartments in Singapore
Term
Oldham
Definition
Large town in Greater Manchester, subject to large levels of ethnic tension and riots.
Term
Over 200,000
Definition
Population of Oldham
Term
84.4%
Definition
Population percentage of Oldham White British
Term
2001
Definition
Minority population in Oldham increases by 13.9%
Term
6.3%
Definition
Population percentage in Oldham of Pakistanis
Term
4.5%
Definition
Population percentage of Oldham that are Bangladeshi
Term
55.3%
Definition
Pakistani popualtion in Oldham with no qualifications
Term
60.6%
Definition
Percentage of Bangladeshi population with no qualifications in Oldham
Term
572
Definition
Reported race crimes in Oldham 2000-2001
Term
62%
Definition
Race crimes in Oldham with white victims
Term
Walter Chamberlain
Definition
76 year old white man mugged and badly beaten by 3 Asian youths on 21st May 2001
Term
Glodwick
Definition
South central area of Oldham with intense ethnic segregation, a predominantly Pakistani area where most of the riots occured.
Term
26th May-28th May 2001
Definition
Violent riots in Oldham
Term
20
Definition
Injured in the Oldham riots, including 15 police
Term
37
Definition
Number arrested in Oldham riots
Term
500
Definition
Asian youths rioting in Oldham
Term
Scotland
Definition
Seperate Kingdom from England until 1707
Term
1707
Definition
Scotland becomes the same kingdom as England
Term
1999
Definition
Scottish parliament and Welsh Assembly granted
Term
SNP
Definition
Scottish National Party became the largest Scottish party in 2007
Term
Plaid Cymru
Definition
Welsh Nationalist party
Term
40%
Definition
Muslims in UK seeking the introduction of Sharia law
Term
1999
Definition
Unuits in Canada granted self-goverance over region
Term
1%
Definition
Referendum defeated for Quebec to be seperate from Canada in 1980 and 1995
Term
Catalonia
Definition
Area of Spain seeking autonomy, where native language is taught in all schools since 1983
Term
1469
Definition
Spain created
Term
Basque
Definition
Area of France and Spain with a degree of autonomy
Term
ETA
Definition
Violent Basque seperatist group
Term
Polisario Front
Definition
Wall seperating Morroccans and Algerians in Western Sahara over 1000 miles
Term
1957
Definition
Western Saharan conflict after Morroco claimed Spanish teritory
Term
Eitrean Rebels
Definition
In Ethopia, fighting against depotism and corruption
Term
Czechsolvakia
Definition
Seperated in 1993 due to differing commitments to free markets.
Term
East Timor
Definition
Area of Indonesia controlled by Portugese seeking independence.
Term
1975
Definition
3 week civil war in Timor, Indonesia
Term
2,000
Definition
Killed in East Timor Civil War, Indonesia
Term
Up to 0.5 million
Definition
Killed in East Timor since 1975 due to starvation, war and disease
Term
2002
Definition
UN introduced a new government to East Timor in 2002
Term
1983
Definition
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus declared but not recognised
Term
USSR
Definition
Broken up to form Russia, Moldovia, Lativia, Ukraine, Georgia and others
Term
Chechnya
Definition
Ethnic muslim group seeking independence from Russia through violence
Term
Kurdistan
Definition
Mountainous area spanning Turkey, Syria, Iran and Iraq
Term
40 million
Definition
Estimated number of Kurds, according to the Kurdish Human Rights Project
Term
60%
Definition
Kurds are Sunni Muslims
Term
Treaty of Sevres
Definition
Established Kurdistan in 1921
Term
Treaty of Lausanne
Definition
Kurdistan seperated due to resources in 1923
Term
1918
Definition
Ottoman Empire, leading to deportation and murder of Kurds
Term
1988
Definition
Saddam Hussein launched gas attacks on Kurds
Term
5,000
Definition
Kurds killed in gas attacks by Saddam Hussein
Term
PKK
Definition
Kurdish terrorist group operating in Turkey
Term
1284
Definition
Union between Britain and Wales, formalised in 1536
Term
1707
Definition
England and Scotland formed Great Britain
Term
1801
Definition
Ireland unified to Great Britain
Term
Anglo-Irish Treaty
Definition
Ireland seperated in 1914, with some forming the Republic and 6 counties staying unified with Britain
Term
1927
Definition
United Kingdom of Great Britain and North Ireland formed
Term
84%
Definition
Percentage of UK population in England
Term
8.5%
Definition
Population of UK in Scotland
Term
5%
Definition
Percentage of UK population in Wales
Term
3%
Definition
Population of UK in Northern Ireland
Term
Absolute Poverty
Definition
Being unable to secure the basic requirements for life
Term
Relative Poverty
Definition
Being unable to keep up with society or engage in social norms
Term
Poverty Line
Definition
Minimum income required to meet basic needs according to a nations development, social norms and values, definied by WBO
Term
WBO
Definition
World Banking Organisation
Term
40%
Definition
Percentage of poorest people in the world with only 5% of global income
Term
20%
Definition
Richest people with 75% of global income
Term
25,000
Definition
Children die everyday due to poverty according to UNICEF
Term
1 in 6
Definition
People that cannot read or write
Term
Physical Quality of Life Index
Definition
Includes Infant mortality, life expectancy and basic literacy, rated 0-100
Term
72 out of 100
Definition
International average of Physical Quality of Life Index
Term
Human Development Index
Definition
Includes life expectancy, educational attainment and real GDP
Term
Real GDP
Definition
acknowledges the cost of living and purchase power parity
Term
50%
Definition
Reduction in child death rates int he world since 1960
Term
25%
Definition
Number of children without primary education in 2006, rather than 50% in 1960
Term
33.3%
Definition
Decline in malnutrition since 1960
Term
50 years
Definition
Poverty has fallen more in this time period than in the last 500 years
Term
1 fifth
Definition
People in poverty in the less developed world
Term
1 in 5
Definition
Children do not complete primary school
Term
840 million
Definition
People face food insecurity
Term
1.5 billion
Definition
People lack access to safe drinking water
Term
0.5 million
Definition
Women die in childbirth annually in the less developed world
Term
15 million
Definition
Children lost one or both parents to HIV/AIDs in 2005
Term
$2 trillion
Definition
Current third world debt.
Term
Multinational debt
Definition
Debt to many countries
Term
Bilateral debt
Definition
Debt to one other country's government
Term
1970
Definition
Commodity prices such as oil fell and exports crashed, USA and others offered loans to poorer countries
Term
1980
Definition
World recession increased interest on multinational debt
Term
Multilateral Debt
Definition
Debt to the IMF or WBO.
Term
IMF
Definition
International Monetary Fund
Term
1982
Definition
IMF and WB offered short terms loans to pay back interest on past loans to larger countries. WBO insisted on investment in industry and high taxes rather than expenditure in education, housing etc.
Term
HIPCs
Definition
Highly Indebted Poor Countries
Term
41
Definition
Number of HIPCs
Term
$1215 billion
Definition
Debt of the HIPCs
Term
1996
Definition
WB and IMF launched the HIPC Initative to provide debt relief to HIPCs
Term
$50 billion
Definition
Total debt relief for HIPCs gathered
Term
Jubilee 2000 Campaign
Definition
Campaign for MEDCs to cancel debts
Term
70
Definition
Organisations supporting the Jubilee 2000 Campaign
Term
G7 Summits
Definition
In 1998 and 1999 saw protests to cancel World Debt
Term
SAPs
Definition
Structural Adjustment Programmes, economic reforms which must be implemented in order to recieve debt relief from IMF, although they severely limit development
Term
$12 billion
Definition
Annual debt repayment by Sub-Saharan Africa, 4 times expenditure on regional health and education
Term
$230 billion
Definition
World debt of Sub-Saharan Africa
Term
26
Definition
African countries which experienced a decline in real wages after SAPs were introduced in 1980
Term
$3.3 million
Definition
Sudan's repayments to IMF a month
Term
$1.7 billion
Definition
Sudanese debt to IMF
Term
1986
Definition
SAPs introduced in Sudan, causing a devaluation of curreny, abolition of supply projects, loss of food production for domestic use and more for export, less welfare expenditure and increased unemployment
Term
1987-1991
Definition
Maternal mortality increased in Sudan as SAPs devalued currency, making medicine unaffordable
Term
22%
Definition
Malnourished Sudanese children in 1996
Term
67%
Definition
Illiterate Sudanese adult population in 1996
Term
3%
Definition
Sudanese healthcare expenditure of GDP limited by IMF, 9% is WHO's recommended minimum
Term
25%-44%
Definition
Rise in Sudanese unemployment 1991-1996
Term
1984
Definition
Mozambique joined IMF and WB, with SAPs imposed 3 years later
Term
$1.56 million
Definition
Debt relief required by Mozambique, prevented by debt to Russia
Term
G8 Summit July 2005
Definition
Campaign to end the debt
Term
$85 billion
Definition
Total debt cancelation for 23 countries
Term
70%
Definition
Births with a healthcare official in Bolivia, after debt cancelled
Term
2.2 million
Definition
People with access to drinking water in Rwanda after debts cancelled, as well as free primary education
Term
70%
Definition
Average increased on healthcare spending for countries with cancelled world debt
Term
40%
Definition
Average increased on education spending for countries with cancelled world debt
Term
1,600
Definition
Women die per day from pregnancy complications or childbirth
Term
2,600
Definition
Newborns die per day from infections
Term
PATH
Definition
An NGO producing delivery kits that are affordable, simple and sustainable
Term
US Agency for International Development
Definition
Funded survey to assess success of PATH birthing kit
Term
28,000 to 47,000
Definition
Increase in PATH birthing kits sold per year after local health workers ran advertising campaigns
Term
Development
Definition
Improving quality of life, as well as economic developments, improving equality and wealth distribution
Term
Security
Definition
Well governed, safe, but also food security and security of resources and amenities such as education
Term
31.9 million
Definition
Population of Afghanistan in 2007
Term
3.9%
Definition
Annual population growth in Afghanistan
Term
45%
Definition
Afghanistani population under 15
Term
166 per 1000
Definition
Infant mortality rate in Afghanistan
Term
78%
Definition
Afghanistani population live in rural areas
Term
20%
Definition
Population nomadic
Term
3 million
Definition
Killed in wars in Afghanistan since 1988
Term
6 million
Definition
Refugees fled from Afghanistan to Iran or Pakistan
Term
Taliban
Definition
Rebel group that ruled Pakistan 1996-2001
Term
89%
Definition
Female population with no schooling in Afghanistan in 2000
Term
$10 billion
Definition
Donations to aid Afghanistan
Term
90%
Definition
World's opium produced in Afghanistan
Term
1/3
Definition
Afghanistan's economy dependent on opium trade
Term
Hamid Karzair
Definition
Afghanistani president elected 2004
Term
1 in 10
Definition
Afghanistani teachers funded by the UK
Term
50%
Definition
Slump in Rwandan economy during genocide
Term
8%
Definition
Recent growth in Rwanda due to security
Term
50%
Definition
Rwandan population under 18 in 2008
Term
Rwandan Revenue Authority
Definition
Set up to promote paying taxes
Term
158th out of 175
Definition
Rwanda's Human Development Index rating
Term
400,000
Definition
Children in Rwanda with no education
Term
20%
Definition
Children die before 5 in Rwanda
Term
300,000
Definition
Orphaned children in Rwanda
Term
Rwandan's Vision 2020
Definition
Rwanda's development plan
Term
150,000
Definition
Homes destroyed in genocide
Term
1/2
Definition
Target reduction in those earning under $1 1990-2015
Term
2009
Definition
Peak of global hunger
Term
46% to 27%
Definition
Decline in global poverty rate 1990-2005
Term
NERICA
Definition
New Rice for Africa reducing need to import rice for the area
Term
7.2 million
Definition
Children in education in Kenya 2004
Term
17.5 million
Definition
Children lost parents to HIV/AIDs
Term
79%
Definition
People with HIV recieved antiretroviral treatment in Botswana in 2007
Term
25%
Definition
Decline in HIV prevalence in 15 severely affected countries
Term
40%
Definition
Global trade belonging to developing nations
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