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| Greek scientist, philosopher and educator who studied motion and divided it into two types: natural motion and violent motion |
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| Astronomer who proposed the theory that Earth moved around the sun |
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| Scientist of late-Renaissance Italy who was outspoken in his support of Copernicus. He suffered a trial and house arrest. He argued that only when friction is present - as it usually is - is a force needed to keep an object moving |
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| Name given to the force that acts between materials that touch as they move past each other |
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| The property of a body to resist changes to its state of motion |
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| Usually called the law of inertia; a restatement of Galileo's idea that a force is not needed to keep an object moving; states that every object continues in a state of rest, or of uniform speed in a straight line, unless acted on by a nonzero net force. |
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| Quantity of matter in an object; the measure of the inertia, "or laziness," that an object exhibits in response to any effort made to start it, stop it, or change its state of motion. |
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| A fundamental unit in which mass is measured in |
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| Force of gravity on an object |
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