Term
| Which group below shows the building blocks of matter in order of their size, smallest to largest? |
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Definition
| quark, neutron, nucleus, atom, molecule |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a particle accelerator? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are elementary particles detected? |
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Definition
-using a large electromagnet
-allowing particles to pass through a grid of thin gold wires
-by measuring changes that result from integration with matter
(all of the above) |
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Term
| The difference between a quark and a lepton is |
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Definition
| quarks exist in the nucleus; leptons do not |
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Term
| Which elementary particle cannot participate in the strong force? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which two forces have infinite range? |
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Definition
| gravity and electromagnetic |
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Term
| Which of the following kinds of particles are made from quarks? |
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Definition
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Term
| The force that holds the nucleus together despite the electrical repulsion between protons is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Which elementary particle has the same but a different charges as one of the leptons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Quarks are one of the basic building blocks of matter. Which of the following particles or structures would not contain any quarks at all? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an end product of matter-antimatter annihilation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is an application of elementary particles research? |
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Definition
| positron emission tomography |
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Term
| How do quarks differ from other elementary particles? |
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Definition
| only six kinds of quarks make up the hundreds of nuclear particles |
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Term
| Which quark was the most recent quark to be discovered? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the proton's +1 charge calculated using nuclear quark charges? |
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Definition
2/3 quark + 2/3 quark - (-1/3 quark)
= +1 |
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Term
| In what order are the fundamental forces unified as temperatures increase from low to high? |
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Definition
| electromagnetic and weak combine first, then strong, finally gravity |
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Term
| Theories of Everything (TOEs) are |
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Definition
| fully unified theories about how all fundamental forces come together |
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Term
| Which of the following pairs of objects exchange gravitrons? |
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Definition
-the Moon and Earth
-the international space station and an astronaut
-two adjacent molecules of oxygen in the atmosphere
-the Orion Nebula and a newborn baby
(all of the above) |
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Term
| When do the four fundamental forces become unified? |
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Definition
| at extremely high temperature |
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Term
| The main research purpose of a particle accelerator is to |
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Definition
| observe the unification of weak and electromagnetic forces |
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Term
| We can say that cosmic rays |
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Definition
| are particles that fall on Earth from outer space |
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Term
| A high-energy physicist might request research funding for studies pertaining to |
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Definition
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Term
| Compared to its matter complement, antimatter has the same |
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Definition
| mass, but opposite electrical charge and magnetic characteristics |
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Term
| How did Carl Anderson's cloud chamber apparatus differ from the ones that preceded it? |
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Definition
| Anderson used magnets, which detected antimatter |
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Term
| A gravitron is to gravity as the strong force is to |
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Definition
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