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Linux Operations and Administration
linux Vocab
78
Education
Undergraduate 2
11/04/2013

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Term
demand paging
Definition
A feature that makes it possible to load only needed section of a program into RAM
Term
device file
Definition
A file in the /dev directory that represents a hardware device
Term
directory file
Definition
A file that can contain regular files and other directory files
Term
preemptive multitasking
Definition
A method of multitasking in which the scheduler decides when a process stops and another process starts
Term
process
Definition
A program kernel launches into memory for the purpose of performing specific task
Term
RAM
Definition
The volatile storage space where a computer can read and write data
Term
shell
Definition
A command-line interface between users an the kernal
Term
source code
Definition
A set of instructions defining how a program works.
Term
configuration phase
Definition
An openSuSE installation phase in which the network, Internet access, and hardware components are conifigured
Term
guest
Definition
A virtual machine that uses the host's physical hardware resources
Term
ISO image
Definition
A virtual copy of a CD or DVD
Term
LVM Logical Volume Management
Definition
A feature used to create virtual partitions that can span physical hard drives.
Term
multiboot
Definition
A configuration that allows you to install more than on OS on a computer
Term
root
Definition
A special user account with full access to all system resources
Term
runlevel
Definition
The operating state of the Linux OS
Term
Secure Shell SSH
Definition
A remote login program designed to provide a secure encrypted conecection to a host on the newtork
Term
command completion
Definition
A BASH shell feature that finishes a command for you after you enter the first few characters
Term
command-line argument
Definition
Information entered after a command to include specific instructions
Term
command-line prompt
Definition
An interface that enables users to interact with the OS by typing commands, options, and arguments
Term
file system
Definition
The way files and directories are stored and organized
Term
hard links
Definition
Files that point to data on the hard disk and share the same inode
Term
home directory
Definition
a users default directory
Term
inode
Definition
A data structure that stores information about a file
Term
man pages
Definition
Documentation files that describe Linux partition
Term
options
Definition
Information entered after a command to modify the way its carried out
Term
relative path
Definition
The directory pathname starting from the current directory
Term
shareable file
Definition
A file that can be stored on one machine and used by multiple users
Term
static files
Definition
Files that don't change on their own
Term
symbolic links
Definition
Special types of files that point to other files
Term
unshareable file
Definition
A file tha can be used only on the local machine
Term
variable file
Definition
Files that can change on their own
Term
bufer
Definition
An area of RAM used for temporary storage
Term
command mode
Definition
A vim mode in which key combinations instead of text are used to enter commands
Term
extended mode
Definition
A vim mode in which advanced commands, such as saving files and searching and replacing, are available
Term
insert mode
Definition
A vim mode in which text that's typed is displayed onscreen.
Term
shell script
Definition
Term
Kernal
Definition
The core of an operating system; performs the most basic computing functions.
Term
Multitasking
Definition
A feature that allows running multiple process at the same time.
Term
Multiuser
Definition
A feature that enables users to log on to a computer at the same time.
Term
Open Source
Definition
A licensing agreement term describing software that's distributed free with its source code so that users can view or modify it.
Term
Operating System
Definition
Software designed to control computer hardware so that users and application can make use of it.
Term
Domain Name
Definition
The name of the network a host belongs to
Term
DHCP
Definition
A networking protocol used to assign IP addresses and other network configuration information to hosts automatically.
Term
GNOME applets
Definition
Small programs available on the GNOME panel for providing quick access to useful application.
Term
host
Definition
The physical computer where a virtual machine is installed.
Term
hostname
Definition
A computers machine name in the network
Term
installation phase
Definition
An openSuSE noninteractive installation phase in which software is installed with the settings configured during the preparation phase.
Term
preparation phase
Definition
An openSuSE installation phase in which users can configure settings for language, time zone, desktop enviroment , hard disk setup, and user account and password.
Term
server farm
Definition
A group of servers networked together in a single location
Term
Virtual Machine
Definition
A software container with its own OS,IP address, and applications.
Term
Workspace
Definition
An area of the desktop that can contain different windows and processes.
Term
Absolute path
Definition
The full directory pathname starting from the root (/)
Term
current directory
Definition
The directory a user is working in.
Term
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)
Definition
A standard specifying requirements and guidelines for file and directory placement in UNIX-like operating systems.
Term
inode number
Definition
A data structure that stores information about a file, such as the same inode number,file permissions, file owner, and so on; in the files actual data and anme aren't stored in the inode
Term
Wildcard
Definition
A character used in searches to specify certain conditions.
Term
Bookmarks
Definition
A feature in KWrite for placing markers on lines of text to help navigate.
Term
syntax highlighting
Definition
A text editor feature for displaying text in different colors and form for programming languages.
Term
Text editor
Definition
A program that enables users to create or edit plain text files.
Term
comment
Definition
A piece of information added as documentation to scripts to explain their purpose.
Term
Compiled Program
Definition
A program that converts source code to machine code and stores it in a binary file before the user runs script. Also Machine code
Term
direct assignment
Definition
A method used to assign the value to a variable by entering it explicitly in the command
Term
Enviroment variable
Definition
A placeholder for data that can change; typically gets its value automatically at OS startup or from the shell the user is using.
Term
Execute
Definition
A LINUX file permission that allows users to run (scripts or programs) or work in a directory.
Term
Exit Status Code
Definition
A numeric code indicating success or failure that a program or command sends to the shell when it ends.
Term
Group
Definition
A category of file permissions given to the group of users assigned to a file.
Term
Interpreted Program
Definition
A program that converts source code to machine code and it's running.
Term
Log Files
Definition
Text files that gather information about a system continuously.
Term
Looping
Definition
Performing a set of commands repeatedly
Term
Machine Code
Definition
A language consisting of binary 1s and 0s that a computer's CPU understands
Term
Other
Definition
A category of file permissions given to all users on a Linus system, as long as they aren't the file owner or don't belong to the group assigned to the file.
Term
Positional Parameter
Definition
A method used to assign a value to a variable according to the order of arguments in the command.
Term
Programming Language
Definition
A set of rules fro instructing a computer how to perform a task.
Term
Prompt Method
Definition
A method used to assign a value to a variable, in which the user is asked to enter data.
Term
Read
Definition
A Linux file permission that allows users to view the contents of files or directories.
Term
Shell Variable
Definition
A placeholder for data that can change; typically gets its value from the user or shell script.
Term
User
Definition
A category of file permission given to the owner of a file.
Term
Write
Definition
A Linux file permission that allows users to edit the contents of files or add files to a directory.
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