Term
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Definition
| a standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task, such as processing a customer's order. |
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Term
| customer facing processes |
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Definition
| result in a product or service that is received by a organizations external customer |
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Term
| business facing processes |
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Definition
| invisible to the external cusotmer but essential to the effective management of the business and include goal setting day to day planning, performance feedback, rewards, and resource allocation |
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Term
| continuous process improvement model |
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Definition
| attempts to understand and measure the current process, and make performance improvements accordingly. |
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Term
| business process reengineering (BPR) |
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Definition
| the analysis and redisign of workflow within and between enterprises. |
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Term
| Business process modeling (mapping) |
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Definition
| the activity of creating a detailed flow chart or process map of a work process showing its inputs, tasks and activietes in a structured sequence. |
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Term
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Definition
| represent the current state of the operation that has been mapped without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes. |
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Term
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Definition
| show the results of applying change improvement opportunities to the current as is process model. |
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Term
| business process management |
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Definition
| integrates all of an organization's business process to make individual processes more efficient. |
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Term
| business process management tools |
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Definition
| used to create an application that is helpful in designing business process models and also helpful in simulating, optimizing, monitoring, and maintaining various processes that occur within an organization. |
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Term
| information technology (IT) |
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Definition
| a field concerned with the use of technology in managing and processing information. |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of the physical devices associated with a computer system. |
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Term
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Definition
| the set of instructions that the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks. |
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Term
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Definition
| an electronic device operating under the control of instruction stored in its own memory that can accept, manipulate, and store data |
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Term
| central processing unit (CPU) |
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Definition
| the actual hardware that interprets and executes the program instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work together. |
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Term
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Definition
| interprets software instructions and literally tells the other hardware devices what to do, based on the software instructions |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of millions of CPU cycles per second |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of billions of cpu cycles per second |
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Term
| complex instruction set computer (CISC) chips |
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Definition
| which is a type of CPU the can recognize as many as 100 or more instructions, enought to carry out most computations directly |
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Term
| reduced instruction set computer (RISC) chips |
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Definition
| limit the number of instructions the CPU can execute too increase processing speed. |
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Term
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Definition
| a protected memory space created by the CPU allowing the computer to create virtual machines |
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Term
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Definition
| the computer's main memory, which consists of random access memory (RAM), cache memory, and the read only memory (ROM) that is directly accessible to the CPU |
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Term
| random access memory (ram) |
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Definition
| the computer's primary working memory, in which program instructions and data are stored so that they can be accesed directly by the CPU via the processor's high speed exter data bus |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to RAM's complete loss of stored information if power is interrupted |
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Term
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Definition
| a small unit of ultra fast memory that is used to store recently accessed or frequently accessed data so that the CPU does not have to retrieve this data from slower memroy circuits sucha s RAM |
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Term
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Definition
| the portion of a computer's primary storage that does not lose its contents when one switches off the power |
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Term
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Definition
| a special type of rewriteable read only memory (ROM) that is compact and protable. |
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Term
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Definition
| conatin high capacity storage that holds data such as captured images, music or text files |
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Term
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Definition
| provide nonvolatiel memory for a range of portable devices including computers, digital cameras, MP3 players and PDAs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a seconday storage medium that uses magneti techniques to store and retrieve data on disks or tapes coated with magnetically sensitive materials |
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Term
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Definition
| an older secondayr storage medium taht uses a strip of thin plastic coated with a magnetically sensitive recording medium |
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Term
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Definition
| a seconday storage medium that uses several rigid disks coated with a magnetically sensitive material and housed together with the recording heads in a hermetically sealed mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| equipment used ot capture information and commands |
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Term
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Definition
| equipment used to see, hear, or otherwise accept the results of information processing requests. |
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Term
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Definition
| equipment used to send inforamtion and receive it from one location to another |
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Term
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Definition
| contols how the various technology tools work together along with the application software |
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Term
| operating system software |
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Definition
| controls the application software and manages how the hardware devices work together |
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Term
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Definition
| allows more than one piece of software to be used at a time |
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Term
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Definition
| provides additional functionality to the operating system |
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Term
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Definition
| used for specific information processing needs, including payroll, customer relationship management, project management, training, and many others |
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Term
| telecommunication systems |
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Definition
| enalbe the transmission of data over public or private networks |
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Term
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Definition
| a communications, data exchange, and resource-sharing system created by linking two or more computers and establishing standards, or protocols, so that they can work together |
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Term
| peer to peer network (P2P) |
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Definition
| any network without a central file server and in which all computers in the network ahve access to the public files located on all other workstations. |
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Term
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Definition
| a computer that is designed to request information from a server |
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Term
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Definition
| a computer that is dedicated to providing information in response to external requests |
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Term
| network operating system (NOS) |
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Definition
| the operating system that runs a network, steering information between computers and magaing security and users |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the sending coputer divides a message into a number of efficiently sized units called packets, each of which contains the address of the destination computer |
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Term
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Definition
| an intelligent connecting devide that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward toward its destination |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers (and other network devices) in a network |
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Term
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Definition
| a standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission |
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Term
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Definition
| a standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during the transmission |
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Term
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Definition
| the capability of tow or more cmoputer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufactureres |
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Term
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Definition
| a physical and data layer technology for LAN networking |
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Term
| transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) |
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Definition
| provides the technical foundation for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private networks |
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Term
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Definition
| provides transpot functions, ensuring, among other things, that the amount of data received is the same as the amout transmitted |
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Term
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Definition
| provides the addressing and routing mechanism that acts as a postmaster |
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Term
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Definition
| uses TCP/IP technology to transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone lines |
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Term
| network-transmission media |
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Definition
| refers to the various types of media used ot carry the signal between coputers |
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Term
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Definition
| transimission material manufactured sot that signals will be comfined to a narrow path and will behave predictably |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to a type of cable composed of four or more copper wires twisted around each other within a plastic sheath |
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Term
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Definition
| cable that can carry a wide range of frequencies with low signal loss |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the technology associated withe the transmission of information as light impulses along a class wire or fiber. |
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Term
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Definition
| natural parts of the earth's environment that can be used as physical paths to carry electrical signals. |
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Term
| virtual private network (VPN) |
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Definition
| a way to use the public telecommunication infrastructure |
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Term
| valued-added network (VAN) |
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Definition
| a private network, provided by a third party, for exchanging information through a high capacity connection |
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Term
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Definition
| a product or service that an organization's customers place a greater value on that similar offerings form a competitor. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when an organization can significantly impact it market share by being first to market with a competitive advantage |
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Term
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Definition
| the acquisition and analysis of events and trends in the environment external to an organization |
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Term
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Definition
| buyer power, supplier power, threat of substitute products or services, threat of new entrants, rivalry among existing competitors |
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Term
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Definition
| reward customers based on the amount of business they do with a particulaor organization |
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Term
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Definition
| high when buyes have many choices of whom to buy from and low when their choices are few |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in the procurement of a product or raw material |
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Term
| business to business marketplace |
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Definition
| an internet based service that brings together many buyers and sellers |
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Term
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Definition
| a B2B marketplace in which a single buyer posts its needs and then opens the bidding to any supplier who would care to bid |
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Term
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Definition
| an auction format in which increasingly lower bids are solicited from organization willing to supply the desired product or service at an increasingly lower price |
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Term
| threat of substitute products or service |
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Definition
| is high when there are many alternatives to a product or service and low when there are few alternatives from which to choose |
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Term
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Definition
| costs that can make customers reluctant to switch to another product or service |
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Term
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Definition
| high when it is easy for new competitors to enter a market and low when there are significant entry barriers to entering a market |
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Term
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Definition
| a product or service feature that customers have come to expect from organizations in a particular industry an must be offered by an entering organization to compete and survive |
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Term
| rivalry among existing competitors |
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Definition
| high when competition is fierce in a market and low when competition is more complacent |
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Term
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Definition
| a standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task such as processing a customer's order |
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Term
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Definition
| approach views an organization as a series of processes, each of which adds value o the product or service for each customer. |
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Term
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Definition
| conduciting of business on the internet, not only buying and selling, but also serving customers and collaborating with business partners |
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Term
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Definition
| one in which an organization chooses to focus specifically on what it does best and form partnerships and alliance with other specialist organizations to handle nonstrategic business processes |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when two or more organizations cooperate by integrating their IT systems, thereby providing customers with the best of what each can offer |
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Term
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Definition
| an IT-based set of tools that supports the work of teams by ficilitating the sharing and flow of information |
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Term
| unstructured collaboration |
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Definition
| includes document exchange, shared whiteboards, discussion forums, and email |
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Term
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Definition
| involves shared particiaption in business processes, shuch as workflow, in which knowledge is hard coded as rules |
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Term
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Definition
| involves capturing, classifying, evlauating, retrieving, and sharing information assets in a way that provides context for effective decisions and actions |
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Term
| knowledge management system |
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Definition
| supports the capturing, organization, and dissemination of knowledge throughout an organizaiton |
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Term
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Definition
| anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT. |
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Term
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Definition
| the knowledge conatined in people' heads |
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Term
| social networking analysis |
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Definition
| a process of mapping a group's contacts to identify who knows whom and who works with whom |
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Term
| content management system |
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Definition
| provides tools to manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of information in a collaborative environment |
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Term
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Definition
| web based tools that make it easy for users to add, remove, and change online content |
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Term
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Definition
| collaborative Wed pages that allow users to edit documetns, share ideas, or monitor the status of a project |
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Term
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Definition
| defines all the steps or business rules, from beginning to end, required for a business process |
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Term
| workflow management systems |
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Definition
| facilitate the automation and management of business processes and control the movement of work through the business process |
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Term
| messaging-based workflow systesm |
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Definition
| send work assignemnt through an e-mail system |
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Term
| databas-based workflow systems |
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Definition
| store documents in a central location and automatically ask the team members to access the document when it is their turn to edit the document |
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Term
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Definition
| software that supports team interaction and dynamics including calendaring, scheduling, and videoconferencing |
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Term
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Definition
| a set of interactive telecommunication technologies that allow two or more locations to interact via two way video and audio transmission simultaneiously |
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Term
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Definition
| blends audio, video , and document sharing technologies to create virtual meeting rooms where people "gather at a password prtected web sit |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of communications servce that enables someone to creat a kind of private chat room with another idividual in order to communicate in real time over the Internet |
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Term
| supply chain management (SCM) |
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Definition
| involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability |
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Term
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Definition
| the strategy for managing all the resources required to meet customer demand for all prducts and services |
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Term
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Definition
| the partners chosen to deliver finished products, raw matterials, and services including pricing, deliver, and payment processes along with partner rlaionship monitoring metrics |
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Term
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Definition
| the schedule for prduction activities including testing, packaging, and preparation for delivery. measurements include productivity and quality. |
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