Term
|
Definition
| For each binary number, put base two under it from right to left (starting with 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128). Anywhere you have a 1, bring down the number below it. Ignore zeros. Add numbers brought down. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Not P - P is NOT true no matter what q is.
pANDq - True if both are true.
pORq - True if either are true. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
All computer logic built from three gates:
Not
Or
And
Electronically built with transistors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Little electronic switches
Either off or on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Input Devices
ROM and RAM
CPU
Random Access Storage Devices
Output Devices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electronic Pulses that affect machine cycle time.
Hertz - (Hz) One cycle per second
Megahertz (MHz) Millions of cycles per second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
RAM is volatile. Includes:
SDRAM
DRAM
EDO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ROM is Nonvolatile. Includes:
PROM - Programmable read-only memory
EPROM - Erasable programmable read-only memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
High-speed memory that a processor can access more rapidly than main memory.
Job 1: Holds onto commonly used calculations.
Job 2: Reads ahead if not found in Cache. Goes to RAM. If it determines you have just used certain code, it will know it is logical that you will need next set of code related to it. So it the cache controller will grab hold of the info from RAM and move it to Cache for quicker access. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Computer handles large problems by many repetitions of small operations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
System:
Basic Functions to start pc
Manages pc resources
Application Software:
Automates and performs different functions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Set of programs that MANAGES the operations of a computer and functions as an interface between the user, the application programs, and the computer hardware. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Envir 1: Multiprogramming: multiple programs run at once by same cpu.
Envir 2: Multiprocessing: Many CPUs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
MS-DOS: Command Line (Disk Operating System) Cryptic and not user-friendly
Windows - GUI - Introduced multitasking |
|
|
Term
| Generations of Software Programming Languages |
|
Definition
Machine Language
Assembler Language
3GL (Procedural)
4GL (Nonprocedural) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The only language the computer understands. Represented by 0s and 1s. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Symbolic language that uses abbreviations and symbols. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Closer to human language. Machine independent (Basic, Cobol, Fortran, Pascal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uses specify what to do not how to do it (SQL, Intellect, Focus, SAS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Part of the processor that actually performs the reading and executing of the instruction.
Multi-core processor: Dual core, quad core, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Write eight places with the powers of 2, starting with 2(0) to 2(7) going from right to left. Assume we are converting 54.
0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Can decimal go into number, staring from the left? If not, put a 0. 128 and 64 can't go into 54, so they are 0s. 32 can go into 54, so it is a 1. Now subtract 32 from 54 leaving, 22. Can 16 go into 22? Yes, so put a 1 with 6 left. Can 8 go into 6? No so put a 0. Can 4 go into 6? Yes so put a 1 with 2 left. Can 2 go into 2? Yes with 0 left. so put a 1. Finally, does 1 fit in 0? No, so put a 0. |
|
|
