Term
|
Definition
females - 12-16
males - 14-18 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
females - 37-47%
males - 40-54% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
females - 4.0-5.5 mill/uL
males - 4.5-6.2 mill/uL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| iron deficiency anemia, or thalassemia |
|
|
Term
| iron deficiency anemia labs |
|
Definition
MCV - low
MCHC - low
RBC - low
Ferritin - low
TIBC - high |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| folic acid deficiency, pernicious anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anemia of chronic disease, sickle cell anemia |
|
|
Term
| Anemia of chronic disease |
|
Definition
MCV - normal
MCHC - normal
RBC - low
Ferritin - HIGH
TIBC - low |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- ischemic
- DEEP MUSCLE PAIN in calf or foot, claudication (Pain with walking), pain at rest means it is severe
- cool, pallor incl. elevational, dependent rubor, diminished pulses, bruits
- THIN, SHINY SKIN; thick ridged nails, atrophy of muscles and distal gangrene
- Order ultrasound, ABI, arteriography (most definitive test)
- Mgmt: Smoking cessation, exercise, Trental, Pletal |
|
|
Term
| Venous insufficiency (chronic) |
|
Definition
- STASIS - after DVT or chronic incompetent valves
- ACHING pain in calf or lower leg, worse at the end of the day and w/ prolonged standing or sitting
- firm, brawny edema; coarse, thickened skin; pulses normal; brown pigment; petechiae
- weepy, pruritic stasis dermatitis
- Mgmt: Bed rest, support stockings, treat dermatitis/ulcers, stop smoking
Dx: Ankle and branchial BP before exercise, Doppler flow, ANGIOGRAPHY |
|
|
Term
| HIV: transmission and S/S |
|
Definition
Transmission = blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk
S/S = early-fever, night sweats, and weight loss, flu-like sx
**SEROCONVERSION TAKES 3 weeks-6 months...so u have to retest in 6 months |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- ELISA for initial screening
- WESTERN BLOT FOR CONFIRMATORY***
- absolute CD4 (T cells) lymph. count: Normal>800
- risk of progression to AIDs is high when <20% |
|
|
Term
| HIV: management & opportunistic infection risk |
|
Definition
biggest risk: PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII (PCP) -> give Bactrim QD
- all pts should be on AART by the time CD4 reaches 350 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
S/S: Color changes on fingertips, white- blue-red, numbness and tingling
Tx: Avoid cold and stimulants; STOP SMOKING, No BB, vasoconstrictors, use CCBs for Tx |
|
|
Term
| DVT: triad, s/s, management |
|
Definition
o Virchow’s = Stasis, increased hypercoaguability, Endothelial damage
o S/S: gradual onset swelling, painful, red, warm; Homan’s sign, CBC, PT/PTT, EKG
o Venography- Gold Standard; Heparin IV, warfarin PO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Lifestyle mgmt: weight loss, exercise, compression stockings/ elastic bandage
- Procedural mgmt: laser therapy, sclerotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, phlebectomy, vein stripping |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Risk factors: Age, obesity, previous leg injuries, DVT, phlebitis
- Appears as irregular, shallow painful ulcer located over bony prominences with granulation tissue and fibrin at ulcer base that may persist for weeks to years
- Mgmt: Leg elevation, compression therapy, dressings, Trental |
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