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| a reasoning processs that moves from observation of measurable facts |
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| the primary source of our knowledge is the physical senses |
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| the physical world is orderly existing in stable cause & effect relationships |
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| we can study the physical world outside of us without subjective bias |
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| the world is unified such that laws which hold in one place also hold in other similar places |
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| science & religion are at war with each other; religion is always right, science is always right |
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| science & religion are different & do not really interact with each other |
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| science & religion complement each other: both ways of thinking are necessary in order to fully understand the world |
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| religion & science operate in two mutually exclusive realities |
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| the belief that everything in the universe is physical matter |
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| "Religion is the recognition of all our duties as divine commands." |
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| "Religion is the belief in an ever-living God, that is, in a Divine Mind & Will ruling the Universe and holding moral relations with mankind" |
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| "Religion is that which grows out of and gives expression to experience of the holy in its various aspects." |
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| "Religion is comparable to a childhood neurosis" |
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| "Religion is the state of being grasped by an ultimate concern, a concern which qualifies all other concerns as preliminary & which itself contains the answer to the question of the meaning of our life." |
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| "Religion centers upon an awareness and response to a reality that transcends ourselves and our world whether the 'direction' of transcendence be beyond or within or both this object is characterized more generally as a cosmic power, or more specifically as a personal God." |
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| "Religion is the sign of the oppressed creature...It is the opium of the people...Religion is only the illusory sun which revolves around man as long as he does not revolve around himself." |
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| "Religion is that system of activities and beliefs directed toward and in response to that which is percieved to be of sacred value & transforming power." |
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| people get born & develope a way of the world those around you either instill a way of the world in you or you come up with your own |
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| usually prompted by encountering someone you like who believes something different |
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| the source of both wonder & purity as well as of fear & danger |
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| common, ordinary, everyday |
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| study of knowledge, how we know things |
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| manifestation of the sacred/holy |
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| Jewish center of the world |
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| Christian center of the world |
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| Image of an original world order; ie.Garden of Eden |
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| the logic or structure of being; what it means to be or exist |
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| threshold; the place in between |
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| Muslim; interpretation of Qur'an |
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| special vehicles or bearers of sacred power; similar objects: fetishes, amulets, icons, & idols |
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| fundamentally a nonrational & ineffable datum of human experience. unique religious phenomenon |
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| provokes expressions of joyful thanksgiving, praise & adoration |
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| experience of a reality percieved as incomprehensible. extraordinary, unfamiliar or mysterious. feeling of peculiar dread & awe |
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| a mirror of the original act of Creation, a prototype of the work of God or the gods |
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| a circle, symbolizing the perfection of Buddahood |
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| important historian of religion thought the sacred always manifests itself as something nonordinary & thus wholly distinct from what is profane |
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| "self-realization" development of a self that involves the integration of the personal ego w/ archetypes of the unconcious |
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| a striking way of indicating that literate societies having symbolic & mythic language of religion naturally calls for interpretation clarification & consistency |
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| original patter or model for which other things such as institutions, beliefs & behaviors are patterned |
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| inherent potentials in the psychic structure of all individuals |
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| seek to construe certain patterns in observable data |
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| anthropologist, insists myth is unique & must be distinguished from legend & fairy tale |
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| according to him human psyche consists of 3 layers; concious mind, the personal unconcious & the "collective unconcious" |
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| metaphor or simile drawn from nature or common life; vividness, strangeness, leaves mind in sufficient doubt |
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| multileveled form of symbolic communication complex stories; regard as demonstrations of the inner meaning of the universe & of human life |
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| 1st order religious discourse |
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| richly metaphoric, analogic & poetic in character |
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| 2nd order religious discourse |
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| a more abstract form of discourse seeks greater clarity & coherence by translating the symbolic & mythic language into concepts & doctrines |
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| tie together things that are distinct even when there may not be any natural connection between the symbol & the symbolized thing |
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| often take the form of an image or icon particpate in or are similar to the thing they symbolize |
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| symptoms or natural reminders |
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| special kins of signs; have the power to transform the lives of individuals & whole societies |
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| a distinctive form of symbolic communication |
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| an agreed on & formalized pattern of ceremonial movements & verbal expressions carried out in a sacred context |
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| a sacred sound of one syllable or more. Hinduism; repeated during meditation |
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| distinct class of religious specialists found among Native Americans, Eskimos ect. use spirits in healing & flights to spirit world |
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| the expelling of evil spirits by the use of a special ritual or formula or holy name |
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| someone blamed for someone else's errors & who bears the burden of the blame, but this is a distortion of its original intention |
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| seasonal & calander rites |
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| closely associated with the rhythmic changes of nature; cycles of the sun/moon seasons |
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| mortification & lenten austerities & rites of emptying, followed by rites of revelation or the giving of new life, fertility & prosperity |
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| to cause to become favorably inclined, to appease or conciliate another; made efforts to apease or conciliate spirits or powers |
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| making of amends or atonement for defilement or sinful transgression |
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| make use of temporal things; words gestures, objects; for a spiritual purpose to make manifest the sacred or the supernatural |
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| Paul Tillich's definition; percieves the resemblance among worldviews & religion |
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| self consciousness; leads us to wonder "why am I here?" |
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| fourfold method of biblical interpretation |
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| a system of interpretation through which it was possible to find any of four senses or types of meaning in a particular passage |
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| Analects, Mencius, the Great Learning & the Doctrine of the Mean |
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| I-Ching or Book of Changes, the Book of Poetry, the Book of History, the Book of rites & Spring & Autumn Annals |
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| many combined & translated jewish works Hebrew to Greek, most influencial greek old testement |
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| sacred text to be read, studied & recited only in Hebrew |
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| written text; from a Latin word scriptura |
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| the external divine pattern or reason from which the earthly world is copied as well as being the living sacred power present in the cosmos; serves as intermediary between God & human beings |
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| New Year Festival (Akita) |
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| a threshold rite marking the transition from one status to another. life cycle rites themes are prominent |
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| the holiest day of the Jewish year; the day of atonement |
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| there are many different gods & no single unifying power or principle |
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| there are 2 principles or beings which/who order the world |
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| a single ordering principle |
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| the universe is God, he makes up everything and is in everything |
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| the universe is god, but god is still more |
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| cycle of birth, growth, death, and rebirth; one of the oldest religious forms attested |
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| japanese shinto; sun goddess |
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| one god who creates the world but does not interfere with its ongoing existence |
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| while recognizing the reality of many gods, worship and believe in the ascendancy of only one god |
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| the three individual gods; father, son, holy spirit |
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| father son and holy spirit are one god but three persons |
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| everything has its own individual soul |
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| "from the Greek meaning secret knowledge" dualist theodicy |
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| historically influential form of radical dualism in the west; christianity's chief rival, the world is ruled by two eternally opposing powers, light is the soul darkness is matter |
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| the term that came to be used for the soul or inner self, in contrast to the body |
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| all things, including the human soul, are actual only through their participation in Brahma |
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| the condition produced when instincts are renounced |
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| the fact that an individual cannot satisfy her instincts |
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| the act of prohibiting or the condition of being prohibited |
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| must learn to do this for the most basic urges |
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| something you have adopted as your own |
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| not doing the right thing because its right you're doing it because it makes you feel good; selfish |
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| child's attachment to the mother |
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| God is making the way for you, having a plan for you |
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| a wish fulfillment; doesn't mean an error; not delusions; not logicall impossible; can't prove or disprove |
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