Term
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Definition
| putting information into memory |
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Term
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Definition
| retaining information in memory |
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Term
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Definition
| recovering the info in memory |
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Term
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Definition
| reproducing info you have previously been exposed to |
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Term
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Definition
| realizing that a certain stimulus event is one you've seen or heard before |
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Term
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Definition
| an attempt to explain why you can usually recognize more that you can recall; model suggests that recall involves the same mental process involved in recognition plus another process not required for recognition. |
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Term
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Definition
| words presented at the end of a list are remembered best |
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Term
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Definition
| words presented at the beginning of a list are remembered second-best |
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Term
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Definition
| when asked to recall a list of words, people tend to recall words belonging to the same category |
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Term
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Definition
| there are several different memory systems and that each system has a different function. Memories enter the various systems in a specific order |
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Term
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Definition
| contains fleeting impressions of sensory stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| subjects looked for a fraction of a second at a visual display of nine items. Could only recall about four of the nine |
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Term
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Definition
| did same procedure but asked to report only one row of the matrix not anything they could remember. subjects were nearly perfect no matter which row, suggesting a capacity of 9 |
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Term
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Definition
| a link between our rapidly changing sensory memory and the more lasting long-term memory. Info comes here from sensory memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| if the info is rehearse, it can sty in STM for a relatively long time as long as you keep rehearsing. |
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Term
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Definition
| the permanent storehouse of your experiences. |
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Term
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Definition
| organizing the info and associating it with info already in ltm |
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Term
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Definition
| remembering how to do things |
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Term
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Definition
| remembering explicit info |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| remembering particular events you have personally experienced. |
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Term
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Definition
| subject has to decide whether a stimulus is a word or a nonword |
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Term
| semantic verification task |
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Definition
| subjects are asked to indicate whether or not a simple statement presented is true or false and measures the length of time it takes to respond |
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Term
| spreading activation model |
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Definition
| subjects will respond to questions about words that are mroe semantically related than those that aren't eg ambulance and hospital as opposed to ambulance and street. |
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Term
| semantic feature-comparison model |
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Definition
| semantic memory contains feature lists of concepts; the key is the amount of overlap in the feature lists of the concepts |
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Term
| levels-of-processing theory |
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Definition
| what determines how long you will remember material is not what memory system it gets into but the way in which you process the material. Can be processed physically, acoustically, or semantically. |
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Term
| Paivio's dual-code hypothesis |
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Definition
| info can be stored or encoded in two ways: visually (concrete info) and verbally (abstract info) |
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Term
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Definition
| conceptual frameworks we use to organize our knowledge. We interpret our experiences and therefore remember them in terms of our existing schemata. |
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Term
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Definition
| if the info in LTM is not used or rehearsed, it will eventually be forgotten |
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Term
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Definition
| forgetting is due to the activities that have taken place between original learning and the later attempted recall |
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Term
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Definition
| what you learned earlier interferes with what you learn later |
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Term
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Definition
| when you forget what you learned earlier as you learn something new. |
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Term
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Definition
| the assumption that recall will be best if the context at recall approximates the context during the original encoding. |
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Term
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Definition
| recall will be better if your psychological or physical state as the time of recall is the same as your state when you memorized the material |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to keep repeating solutions that worked in other situations |
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Term
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Definition
| the inability to use a familiar object in an unfamiliar way |
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Term
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Definition
| attempting to produce as many creative answers to a question as possible |
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Term
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Definition
| short-cuts and rules of thumb we can use in making decisions |
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Term
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Definition
| making decisions about frequencies based upon how easy it is to image the items involved. |
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Term
| language acquisition device |
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Definition
| a built-in advanced knowledge of rule structures in language. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest units of meaning |
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Term
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Definition
| the grammatical arrangement of words and sentences |
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Term
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Definition
| the meanings of words and sentences |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to quickly grasp relationships in novel situations and make correct deductions from them. eg solving analogies |
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Term
| crystallized intelligence |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| not being able to establish new long-term memories but old ones are in tact. |
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Term
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Definition
| memory loss of events that transpired before brain injury, most of the time to the hippocampus |
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