Term
| Resonance Percussion Sound |
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Definition
| Low-pitched sound heard over normal lungs |
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Term
Tympany Percussion Sounds |
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Definition
| Drum-like, loud, empty quality heard over pneumothorax |
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Term
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Definition
| Medium-intensity pitch & duration heard over areas of mixed solid & lung tissue (i.e. consolidated lung tissue) |
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Term
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Definition
| Soft, high-pitched sound of short duration heard over very dense tissue where air is not present |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to describe bronchial or bronchovesicular sounds heard in the peripheral lung fields |
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Term
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Definition
| Series of short, explosive, high-pitched sounds heard just before the end of inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| Series of short, low-pitched sounds caused by air passing through an intermittently occluded airway; evident on inspiration & at times, on expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| Continuous rumbling, snoring, or rattling sounds from obstruction of large airways with secretions; most prominent on expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| Continuous, high-pitched squeaking sound caused by rapid vibration of bronchial walls |
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Term
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Definition
| Continuous musical sound of constant pitch; result of partial obstruction of larynx or trachea |
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Term
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Definition
| Creaking or grating sound from roughened, inflamed surfaces of pleura rubbing together |
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Term
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Definition
| Extra breath sounds that are abnormal |
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Term
| Controlled Mandatory Ventilation |
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Definition
| Ventilation mode in which breaths are delivered at a set rate per minute & VT, which are independent of the client's ventilatory efforts |
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Term
| Assist-Control Mechanical Ventilation |
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Definition
| Mode in which the ventilator delivers a preset VT at a preset frequency & when the client initiates spontaneous breath, a full VT is administered |
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Term
| Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation |
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Definition
| Mode in which the ventilator delivers a preset VT at a preset frequency in synchrony with the client's spontaneous breathing |
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Term
| Pressure Support Ventilation |
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Definition
| Ventilator mode in which positive pressure is applied to the airway only during inspiration & is used in conjunction with the client's spontaneous respirations |
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Term
| Pressure-Controlled Inverse Ratio Ventilation |
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Definition
| Ventilator mode that combines pressure-limited ventilation with an inverse ratio of inspiration to expiration |
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Term
| Positive-End Expiratory Pressure |
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Definition
| A ventilator manoeuvre in which positive pressure is applied to the airway during exhalation |
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Term
| Continuous Positive Airway Pressure |
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Definition
Ventilator manoeuvre in which positive pressure is delivered continuously during spontaneous breathing, thus preventing the client's airway pressure from falling to zero |
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Term
| High-Frequency Ventilation |
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Definition
Ventilatory manoeuvre that delivers small tidal volumes at rapid respiratory rates in an effort to recruit & maintain lung volume & reduce intrapulmonary shunting |
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Term
| Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure |
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Definition
| Defined as a PaO2 of 60 mm Hg or less when the client is receiving an inspired O2 concentration of 60% or greater |
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Term
| Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure |
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Definition
| Defined as a PaCO2 greater than 45 mm Hg in combination with acidemia (arterial pH less than 7.35) |
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Term
| Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) |
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Definition
| Combine with reverse transcriptase enzyme to block process needed to convert HIV RNA into HIV DNA |
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Term
| Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) |
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Definition
| Insert nuceloside (a protein) into the developing HIV DNA chain, blocking further development of the chain & leaving production of the new strand of HIV DNA incomplete |
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Term
| Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors |
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Definition
Inhibit the action of reverse transcriptase |
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Term
| Protease Inhibitors (PIs) |
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Definition
| Prevent the protease enzyme from cutting HIV proteins into proper lengths needed to allow viable virions to assemble & bud out from the cell membrane |
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Term
| Fusion Inhibitors (entry inhibitors) |
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Definition
| Prevent the binding of HIV to cells, thus preventing entry of HIV into healthy cells |
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