Term
| Micturition/urination/voiding |
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Definition
| all are terms fo the process of emptying the bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| difficult or painful urination |
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Term
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Definition
| production of greater volumes of urine than normal. May be due to effects of medication or ingestion of alcohol/caffinated beverages |
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Term
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Definition
| urination at shorter than usual intervals (without an increase in the total total urine daily volume) |
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Term
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Definition
| difficult/delay in starting the urinary stream; often with a decreased force of the stream |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden overwhelming need to urinate |
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Term
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Definition
| diminished flow of urine (when fluid intake is normal may be due to deydration o to kidey disease, normal urine output is 1200-1500 mL/day, or 50-60mL/hour, less than 30 mL / per hour is considered Oliguria |
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Term
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Definition
| absence of urine; usually defined as 100mL/day or less |
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Term
| the average urine ouput per day is |
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Definition
| 1200-1500mL per day; 50-60mL/ hour |
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Term
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Definition
| production of larger than normal amount of urine, assuming intake is not excessive. It is usually often seen in the early stages of diabetes( due to osmtic effect of high glucose levels in the blood), or early pituitary trauma scond to head injury ( under production od ADH) |
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Term
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Definition
| being awaken at night by the need to void |
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Term
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Definition
| Red blood cells in the urine. Can be gross- (blood in urine visible to the naked eye), or micrscopic (visible under microscope or detected with test papers:although urine appears normal to the naked eye |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary urination, incontinience - nocturnal enuresis is a term usually used in pediatrics to describe bedwetting during sleep after the age that control has ( or should have) been attained. Seventy percent of 4 year olds and 91% od 81 year olds have achieved nighttime continience |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary passage of urine- can be temporary of permanent; depending on the cause |
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Term
| out of 100 million americans how many suffer incontinence |
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Definition
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Term
| incontinience is more common in women than men |
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Definition
| true 15-30% of women experience it |
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Term
| incontinience is more common in the elderly but should never be considered a consequence of aging |
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Definition
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Term
| Americans spend over ---- dollars a year for adult briefs / pads for incontinience and that is not covered by medicare |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 types of incontinience are |
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Definition
stress incontinience
functional incontinience
urge incontinience
reflex incontinience |
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Term
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Definition
| dribbling whenever abdominal pressure is increased, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing ect. The muscles that seal off the bladder " let go" without warning. Occurs when pelvic muscular is weak, stretched after childbirth, ect. or due to the loss of pelvic tone that occurs when womens estrogen levels drop ( menopause) |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden, almost uncontrollable desire to urinate IMMEDIATELY. There is a warning, but very little time to get to the bathroom. Also known as "overactive bladder". When assessing urge incontinience, it is important to make sure the person does not have a UTI. Symptoms are similar, nut usually uninfected patients dont have burning on urination with their urge incontinience |
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Term
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Definition
| incontinence due either to cognitive problems (patient unresponsive to need to urinate) or difficulty due to (physical disability)to get to the toliet in time or get self ready to urinate |
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Term
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Definition
| incontinience in patient with spinal cord injury above the level of 3rd sacral vertebra (S3). The patient has no sensaion of need to urinate, and urinates spontaneously (by reflex), without being aware, whenever a certain bladder volume is reached |
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Term
| what should patients with incontinience due |
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Definition
| they should keep a diary "bladder diary". They should record how many tmes per day urinaton occurs, and how much urine is produced each time. In differenciating the type of incontinience, it is important to know whether the patient can go 1.5 hours without urinating |
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Term
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Definition
| some urine remains in the bladder after the person has urinated "residual urine". When person is unable to pass the totalamount of urine that has collected in the bladder |
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Term
| what are some physical obstructions to why urine would not be able to flow |
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Definition
enlarged prostate
tumors
stones
strictures (narrowing of the urethra due to chronic inflammation; often due to sexually transmitted infections (STI's) |
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Term
| What are the causes of urinary retention (5) |
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Definition
physical obstruction to flow
anesthetics used in surgery
some medication
some neurological disorders
bladder muscle tone problems |
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Term
| urine is normally acidic. But retained urine tends to become alkaline, which predisposes a |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an infection occuring in any position of the uinary tract. |
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Term
| what is the most common HAI - 80% of all Healthcare Associated UTI's result from catheter use |
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Definition
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Term
| what do the symptoms of a UTI normally include |
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Definition
| dysuria, hematuria, burningupon urination, urgency, pressure, and frequency. Often E.coli is the source of the organism. |
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Term
| Are UTI's more common in men or women, and why |
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Definition
| in women because they have a shorter urethra (1.5-2.5 inches) compared to 6-8 inches in men, means bacteria hve a shorter distance to travel to reach bladder |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the substance of the kidney itsself |
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Term
| urine specimen should be placed in a |
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Definition
| labeled biohazard bagand taken directly to the lab. DONT LET urine sit around on the unit, urine sitting around at room temp even in a sterile container becomes colonized with bacteria quickly, refrigerate urine specimen if they cant be taken to the lab in 15-20 min |
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Term
| Routine and microscopic Urinalysis (R&M) |
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Definition
| examination of the urine for certain chemicals, physical properties, and under microscope. Does not need to be collected in a sterile fashion, may be placed in a clean container. |
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Term
| What are the variations of color in a Routine microscopic urinalysis |
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Definition
| usually yellow or straw colored and clear. Normally the PH is 4-6. Amber color means the urine is concentrated. If Urine is very dark may indicate the presence of Bilrubin in the urine |
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Term
| Hematuria in the R&M test |
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Definition
| if hematuria is gross, blood can make urine pink to bright red when viewed with the naked eye. However some medications and foods make urine pink or red. Hemauria may also be microscopic |
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Term
| urine should be clear when freshly voided. Freshly voided urine that is cloudy usually indicates infection. Urine has a pungent aroma, but does not smell like ammonia until it has sat around outside the body for a while |
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Definition
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