Term
|
Definition
| the assumption that all behavior is caused by many independent and interacting factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All life originated from the sea |
|
|
Term
| Empedocles, Democritus, Epicurus |
|
Definition
| Stressed the role of random combination of primordial elements and the view known as atomic theory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| living organisms originated from mother earth |
|
|
Term
| Scala naturae and who proposed it? |
|
Definition
| gradual transition from inanimate to plants, animals, and humans. Aristotle |
|
|
Term
| Was Aristotle in favor or atomic theory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gradualistic view of rationality and who proposed it? |
|
Definition
| differences among animals and humans were degree, not kind. Plutarch |
|
|
Term
| Instincts and who discovered this? |
|
Definition
| depend on the way an animals was built by god. Approach/Withdraw movements. Gomez Pereira |
|
|
Term
| Reflex and who discovered this? |
|
Definition
| movements produced in absence of external stimulus caused by a trace/residue of the stimulus. Gomez Pereira |
|
|
Term
| Learning and who discovered this? |
|
Definition
| association of phantoms (stimulus trace) in the brain by mere repetition. Gomez Pereira |
|
|
Term
| What did Gomez Pereira distinguish between? |
|
Definition
| Voluntary movements (human) vital movements (animals) |
|
|
Term
| What did Gomez Pereira develop? |
|
Definition
| a mechanistic theory of animal behavior |
|
|
Term
| What did Rene Descartes say made humans different from animals? |
|
Definition
| ability for mental experience |
|
|
Term
| What is the distinction between man and animal reflexes when speaking of Rene Descartes example? |
|
Definition
| only humans felt the heat of the flame as a subjective experience. The human will draw its hand out of the fire and turn its head towards the fire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reflexes could be acquired through experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| education was responsible for differences between humans and animals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| empty slate on which ideas derived from sensory experiences are imprinted by associative processes |
|
|
Term
| Felix de Azara was among the first to propose what? |
|
Definition
| alternatives to creationism |
|
|
Term
| Theory of inheritance of acquired traits and who discovered it? |
|
Definition
| use and disuse of parts determined the degree to which they were passed across generations. Jean Lamarck |
|
|
Term
| Natural Selection and which two scientists developed the idea independently? |
|
Definition
| assumed to be gradual and work in a cumulative fashion over many generations |
|
|
Term
| What is comparative psychology and who coined the term? |
|
Definition
| the study of the psychological life and movements of animals. David F. Weinland |
|
|
Term
| What was the goal of John B. Watson's manifesto? |
|
Definition
| prediction and control of behavior |
|
|
Term
| Ethology and who coined the term? |
|
Definition
| study of behavior primarily for taxonomic purposes. Konrad Lorenz |
|
|
Term
| What did Wallace Craig distinguish between? |
|
Definition
| Appetitive and consummatory behaviors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| searching and orienting towards food and water, tend to be flexible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eating and drinking, tend to be fixed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| behavior is the result of genetic and non-genetic influences |
|
|
