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| a political regime in which a small group of individuals exercises power over the state w/out being constitutionally responsible to the public |
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| authoritarianism may be ideological like... |
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| authoritarianism may not be ideological like... |
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| dictatorship--> Saddam Hussein |
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| "totalitarianism" used to describe who during Cold War? |
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| highly centralized regime that possesses strong ideology seeking to transform & absorb fundamental aspects of state, society and economy. |
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| totalitarianism uses ________ to transofrm the total institutional fabric of a country according to an ideological goal |
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Soviet Union under Stalin? (1930-1950)
Nazi Germany
China during Cultural Rev. 1960s
Modern N. Korea |
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| defends economic wealth of the few who possess it against the majority |
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| forcibly distributes the wealth among the majority population |
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| Liberals view _______ as a powerful weapon against nondemocratic rule |
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| under a theocracy, nationality and citizenship are defined by.... |
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| argue that Asia's cultural & religious traditions stress conformity, hierarchy & obedience, which are more conducive to political regime that limits freedom to defend social harmony & consensus |
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compelling behavior by threatening harm
(ex. Latin American "death squads", Stalin's "purges") |
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| members of public are brought into a beneficial relationship with the state and govt, often through corporatism or clientelism |
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| solidifying control over public by creating/sanctioning limited number of organizations to represent the interests of public and restricting those not set up or approved by state |
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| less structured means of co-opting the public where state co-opts members of public through benefits to a single person/small group in return for public support (ex: Mexican street vendors forced to pay political campaign to continue vending) |
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| process where political leaders essentially rent out parts of state to their clients, resulting in clients control of public goods that would otherwise be distributed in nonpolitical manner |
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| (1st used to describe Stalin's rule) refers to promotion of image of a leader not just as a political figure but as someone who embodies spirit of nation, possesses wisdom and strength beyond average individual, quasi-religious |
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| Charismatic authority in nondemocracies |
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personality cult
ex: Mao, Stalin, Hitler |
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| traditional authority in nondemocracies |
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hereditary monarchies, patrimonialism
ex: N. Korea's Kim Jong Il (son of Kim Il Sung) |
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| authoritarian & totalitarian regimes often claim they are "scientific" or "technocratic" |
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based on power of single strong leader who usually relies on charismatic/traditional authority to maintain power
(patrimonialism) |
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| monopoly of violence that characterizes militaries is the strongest means of control |
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| corporatist in nature, creates broad membership as source of support |
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| derive power from their claim to rule on behalf of God |
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| basic structures of democracy exist but are not fully institutionalized and often not respected |
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| bureaucratic authoritarianism |
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| (through military rule) regime in which the state bureaucracy & military share belief that technocratic leadership focused on rational, objective, technical expertise can solve problems of country |
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| politically sensitive/influential jobs in the state, society or economy that were staffed by people chosen by the Communist Party |
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| communist countries chose to replace the market with state bureaucracy, allocating resources by planning what should be produced and in what amounts, setting final prices of goods and deciding where they should be sold |
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