Term
| delay in obtaining milestones suggests what? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| gross motor involvement at 2 months old |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| gross motor involvement at 6 months old |
|
Definition
| sitting on the parent's lap or on the exam table requiring minimal trunk support |
|
|
Term
| gross motor involvement at 12 months old |
|
Definition
| cruising or toddling through the room |
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|
Term
| what is an abormality of gross motor involvement? |
|
Definition
| at 6m old shows poor head control with pull to sit maneuver |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| asymmetric tonic neck reflex |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what reflexes persist through adulthood? |
|
Definition
| head righting, protective equilibrium, parachute |
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|
Term
| absent moro reflex is what kind of injury? |
|
Definition
| upper motor neuron lesion |
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|
Term
| incomplete moro reflex may indicate a |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex occurs when the infants body is turned to the side, he assumes the "fencer's" position |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex is performed by placing the child's head and neck off of a flat surface with his arms folded at the chest, the examiner suddenly lets go of the head, neck, and hand. The pt brings his arms back towards his chest with the hands in a "C" shape |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex occurs when pressure is applied to the palm or plantar aspect of the child's hand or foot |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex occurs when pressure is applied to the palm or plantar aspect of the child's hand or foot |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex occurs when a child's foot feels a hard surface |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex occurs when a child is placed prone after 4-6m of age |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex occurs when the pt is placed in ventral suspension position and one side of the trunk is stimulated. The child's trunk and hips swing towards the side of the stimulus. |
|
Definition
| galant reflex (trunk incurvation) |
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Term
| child has a strong sucking sensation, what reflex? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| child opens his mouth once it is stimulated on the corner of the mouth of cheek, what reflex? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex involves extension of the head, then trunk, then legs when held prone. seen between 2-3m |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex involves stroking the lateral aspect of the infants foot causing an extension of the big toe and fanning out of the little toes. This response is normal until 12m of age, due to incomplete myelination of the corticospinal tracts. |
|
Definition
| plantar reflex (Babinski) |
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|
Term
| reflex involves child adducting legs across midline |
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Definition
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|
Term
| this reflex involves the child keeping his head vertical despite a tilt of the body |
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Definition
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|
Term
| as the child is pushed laterally by the examiner, he flexes his trunk toward the force to regain his center of gravity, what reflex? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| examiner allows the child to free fall in ventral suspension, the child's extremities extend symmetrically to distribute his weight over a broader and more stable base on landing, what reflex? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| when does head righting take place? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| when does the landua reponse take place? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| when does derotational righting take place? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| when does anterior propping take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does the parachute reflex take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does lateral propping take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does posterior propping take place? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| child focuses on face, tracts vertically and horizontally, turns towards light, widens eyes at 8-12 inches |
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Definition
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|
Term
| child blinks at approaching objects, tracks 60 degrees horizontally and 30 degrees vertically |
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Definition
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|
Term
| child tracks across midline, follows movement, raises head to 30 degrees from prone position |
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Definition
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|
Term
| child's eyes and head track to 180 degrees, looks at hands |
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Definition
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|
Term
| child reaches for objects, notices raisens 1ft away, smiles at a familiar adult |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| child notes visual details, pokes at holes in a pegboard |
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Definition
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Term
| child has a neat pincer grasp |
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Definition
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Term
| child stacks blocks, places peg in round hole |
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Definition
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Term
what age?
holds head up and turns head to side while prone, flexes in ventral suspension, moves in response to sound, primitive reflexes present |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
doll's eye movement, visually fixes, regards face, tight grasp, follows object to midline |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
lifts head to 45 degrees while prone, head and trunk level in vental suspension, head lags on pull to sitting, holds head in midline, lefts chest off table |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
child visually tracks moving objects 180 degrees, smiles on social contact, responds to voice:coos, recognizes parent |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what age?
child lifts head up to 90 degrees, supports self on forearms in prone position, holds head up steadly while in prone, fingers and toes make pre-reach movements |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
holds hands open at rest, looks at hands, coos:produces long vowel sounds, reaches for familiar people, anticipates feeding |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
raises head vertically when prone, sits with truncal support, head tipped forward, no head lag, rolls over, supports on wrists and shifts weight, grasps objects and brings to mouth |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
active at site of food, laughs/orients to voice, displeased when social contact is broken, enjoys looking around |
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Definition
|
|
Term
what age?
lifts head while supine, rolls front to back and back to front, sits with pelvic support, rounded back, grasps and transfers objects, rakes at pellet |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
puts feet in mouth in supine position, turns body to extend reach (unilateral), raking grasp: transfers objects, makes repetitive vowel sounds: babbles, discriminates social smile, prefers mother, recognizes strangers |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
sits alone with back straight, pivots when sitting, pulls to stand, creeps or crawls: walks with hands held |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
find pincer grasp, alert to sound of name, understands "no", waves "bye-bye", uncovers hidden objects, plays peek-a-boo, repeats consonant sounds, says mama, dada |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
stands without help, walks with one hand held, cruises, releases on request and gesture |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
neat pincer grasp (unassisted), puts 2 cubes in a cup and pellets in a bottle, uses 2 words other than mama/dada, throws a ball, imitates actions, comes when called, cooperates with dressing |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
walks alone, can walk backwards, crawls up stairs, scribbles in imitation, makes tower of 2 cubes |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
indicates wishes by pointing, uses 4-6 words, follows one step command with gesture, can use a spoon (spills a little) and a cup |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
walks downstairs assisted, runs stiffly, sits on small chair, feeds self, kisses parents with pucker, says "no", knows 7-20 words |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
makes tower of 3 cubes, scribbles spontaneously, turns 2-3 pages at a time, mature jargoning, copies parents in tasks (sweeping/dusting), identifies 5 body parts, names pictures, explores drawers and waste baskets |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
walks step wise up and down stairs without help, jumps in place with both feet off, uses "i" and "you", 3 word phrases and 50 vocab words, understands 2 step commands |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
listens to stories with pictures, makes tower of 7 cubes, circular scribble, opens doors, handles spoon, turns pages one at a time, removes shoes, pants, etc, parallel play |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
throws ball overhand, unbuttons, holds pencil in adult fashion, differentiates horizontal and vertical line |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
uses pronouns appropriately, understands concept of "1", repeats 2 digits forward, repeats 2 digits forward, tells first and last name when asked |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
can alternate feet when goes up steps, pedals tricycle, copies circle, undresses completely, dresses partially, unbuttons |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
dries hands if reminded, uses min of 250 words, 3 word phrases, uses pleural, past tense, knows all pronouns, understands concept of "2", group play, shares toys, takes turns, plays well with others, knows full name, age, gender |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
hops skips, alternates feet going down steps, copies a square, buttons clothing, dresses self completely, catches a ball |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
knows colors, says song or poem from memory, asks questions, tells "tall tales", plays cooperatively with group of children |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
skips alternating feet, jumps over low obstacle, copies triangle, ties shoes, spreads with knife |
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Definition
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|
Term
what age?
prints first name, asks what word means, plays competitive games, abides by rules, likes to help in household tasks |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what is the gold standard for dx of ADHD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the types of ADHD? |
|
Definition
| inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, combined |
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|
Term
| what is the best tx for ADHD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what resources are available for ADHD at the different ages? |
|
Definition
age 0-3 = early intervention services
3-21yrs = special education and individual education plan |
|
|
Term
| meds used in the tx of ADHD |
|
Definition
stimulants:ritalin, concerta, daytrana, focalin, dexedrine, vivanse, adderall
nonstimulants: stattera
antidepressants |
|
|
Term
| mental retardation is defined as an IQ below |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what dietary changes should be made in an ADHD child? |
|
Definition
elimination diet: cut sugar, dairy, food colorings, artifical sweeteners, fried foods, MSG, processed meats and foods
avoid aluminum and heavy metals
try high protein, low carb, mineral supplements, omega oils
more water, fruits, veggies |
|
|
Term
| groups of disorders characterized by delays in social and communication skills |
|
Definition
| pervasive developmental disorder |
|
|
Term
| when is the onset of pervasive developmental disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
impairment of social interactions and communication
repetitive, restrictive, or stereotyped behavior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who is Asperger's syndrome most common in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
impairment of social interaction and restricted repetitive patterns of behavior,
fail to develop peer relationships and display an inability to express pleasure in happiness of others,
delay in language, cognition, or attainment of self-help skills |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| who is Rett's syndrome more common in? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| child is normal for the first 6m then exhibits sxs of autism, receptive and expressive language delay, psychomotor retardation, decreased head growth, breathing abnormalities, seizurse, poor coordination of gait and trunk movements |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
no cure, meds to tx specific sxs.
benefit from specialized classrooms where the class size is small and instructions are given on a one to one basis.
Intense early intervention services - educational and behavioral |
|
|
Term
| when does conduct disorder usually present? |
|
Definition
| in early or middle childhood as ODD |
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|
Term
| defiance of rules and argumentative verbal interactions |
|
Definition
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aggression towards people and animals
nonaggessive destruction of property
deceitfulness
lying and theft
serious violations of the rules |
|
|
Term
| how does a child with ODD present: <10yo, >10yo |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how can you diagnose ODD: <10yo, >10yo |
|
Definition
< 10yo = deomstrate even one of the criterion for antisocial behavior
> 10yo: requires 3 criteria |
|
|
Term
| when is tx for ODD most successful? |
|
Definition
when started early
need medical, mental health, and educational components as well as family support. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hungry but restricts food intake |
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Definition
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|
Term
| vomits usually within 2 hours of overeating due to over-concern of weight gain |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| elimination of food by vomiting of laxative use |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| criteria for dx of anorexia nervosa |
|
Definition
BMI < 17.5
loses > 25% of ideal body weight |
|
|
Term
| when s psychotherapy most effective for anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
| if initiated within 6m or less |
|
|
Term
| meds used to treat anorexia nervosa |
|
Definition
antipsychotic (olanzapine)
antidepression (SSRI - fluoxetine) |
|
|
Term
| swollen salivary glands, scars on knuckles, erosion of tooth enamel, low potassium on blood test, dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inflated self esteen, delusions of grandeur, talks constantly and rapidly, easily distracted, depression (anorexia, overeating, oversleeping) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
psychiatrist/psychotherapy
meds:lithium, tegretol, depakene
hospitalization |
|
|
Term
| who is often the perpetrator in Munchausen by Proxy? |
|
Definition
| mother, sxs are often present only in the presence of the mother, and subside in her absence. The mother's partner is often disengaged. |
|
|
Term
| what is the normal time frame for colic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lasts >3hrs, >3d/wk, >3wks/m |
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 "S's" in the tx of colic |
|
Definition
swaddling
side/stomach
swinging
shhhh
sucking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
meds: simethicone, dicyclomine
if breast feeding: have mom stop dairy, whey, or casein x 1 wk
probiotics
chamomille, anis, fennel, dill tea
gripe water
tummy massage |
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|
Term
| criteria to dx chronic abdominal pain |
|
Definition
| 3+ episodes of pain over a 3m period severe enough to affect activities |
|
|
Term
| sxs of lactose intolerance (3) |
|
Definition
| bloating, gassy, diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| sxs of irritable bowel syndrome (5) |
|
Definition
pallor
nausea
vomiting
headache
diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common in infancy and disappears by 1-2 years of age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal posturing due to reflux |
|
|
Term
| how do you dx severe GER? |
|
Definition
| pH studies, scope, barium xrays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
left recumbant/prone position
elevating head of crib
smaller more frequent feedings
keep upright after feedings
thicken with rice cereal
antacids, H2RA, PPI
pro-motility agents (controversial) |
|
|
Term
| tx for GERD unresponsive to medical therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what increases the risk of pyloric stenosis in neonates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| narrowing of the pyloric channel due to hypertrophy of the pyloric musculature, etiology = unknown |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| persistent hunger, constipation, dehydration, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, peristalic waves, firm pyloric olive, prejectile, nonbilious emesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you confirm the dx of pyloric stenosis? |
|
Definition
| ultrasound, if still questionable use GI barium study which will demonstrate a "string sign" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sudden onset bilious vomiting and abdominal pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common presentation of volvulus |
|
Definition
| SI is rotated to the right side of the abdomen and the narrowing site has a corkscrew appearance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what's the definition of constipation? |
|
Definition
| delay or difficulty passing a bowel movement for 2+ wks that results in pain and discomfort |
|
|
Term
| what is diagnostic for constipation? |
|
Definition
| unprepped barium enema radiographic study |
|
|
Term
| what is necessary to confirm constipation? |
|
Definition
| rectal biopsy for ganglion cells and acetylchoinesterase stain |
|
|
Term
| what helps differentiate organic from functional constipation in older children? |
|
Definition
| rectal manometric studies |
|
|
Term
| developmental disorder of the enteric nervous system = absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is missing in Hirschsprung disease? |
|
Definition
| the Auerbach and Meissner's plexus = increase extrinsic intestinal innervation and unopposed intrinsic muscle tone leading to an imbalance in smooth muscle contractility, uncoordinated peristalsis, and functional constipation |
|
|
Term
| what should be considered in any newborn who doesn't pass meconium in the first 24-48 hrs after birth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
barium enema denomstrates a tapered transition zone to a normal caliber colon
the increased number and size of cholinergic nerves in the lamina propia and muscularis mucosae stains black. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx of Hirschsprung disease |
|
Definition
reestablish fluid/electrolyte balance
prevent bowel distention
colonic lavage
NG decompression
surgery
IV antibiotics to prevent enterocolitis after surgery
botox injections to the internal sphincter for post op pts with enterocolitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
infectious: blood/mucous, fecal leukocytes, stool culture, O&P to look for giardia lamblia
dietary: lactose intolerance, malabsorption
congenital: early onset, poor growth, malnourished |
|
|
Term
| chronic intolerance of dietary gluten that results in malabsorption |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chronic diarrhea, abdominal distention, wt loss, FTT, short stature, abd pain, constipation, arthritis, delayed puberty, anemia, osteoperosis, vomiting, weight loss, protruding abdomen, wasted buttocks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gold standard for the dx of malabsorption (celiac) |
|
Definition
| small bowel biopsy = villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, abnormal surface epithelium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
elimination of gluten (wheat, rye, barley, oats)
serologic testing is used to monitor adherence to the gluten-free diet |
|
|
Term
| GI bleeding proximal to the liagement of Treitz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common causes of UGI bleeding in children < 1 yo |
|
Definition
| esophageal varices, pill esophagitis, gastric ulcer, H pylori, duodenal ulcer, IBD |
|
|
Term
| iron deficiency anemia, guaiac positive stools on exam, melanotic stools, coffee ground emesis, hematemesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common causes of LGI bleeding in children < 1 yo |
|
Definition
| colonic polyps, anal fissure, intussusception, Meckel diverticulum, IBD, infectious colitis, hemorrhoids |
|
|
Term
| diagnostic exam to determine UGI bleed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is Meckel's diverticulum diagnosed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| painless maroon or melanotic stool |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
perianal disease: fistulas/fissures
perianal skin tags
abscesses
transmural inflammation with granuloma formation and skip areas
affect anywhere in the GI tract |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rectal disease, mucosal inflammation confied to the large bowel, "lead pipe" appearance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common inherited lethal disorder in whites |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all neonates diagnosed wtih meconium ileus must be evaluated for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC GI abnormality associated with CF? |
|
Definition
| involves the pancreas --> steatorhhea |
|
|
Term
| MC finding of liver disease associated with CF |
|
Definition
| elevated liver transaminases |
|
|
Term
| pt presents with hx of meconium ileus, FTT, rectal prolapse, steatorrhea and elevated liver transaminases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| definitive dx of eosinophilic esophagitis |
|
Definition
biopsy obtained through upper endoscopy
linear furrowing of the esophagus, esophageal ring formation, and granularity |
|
|
Term
| dysphagia, vomiting, feeding refusal, heartburn, chest pain, abdominal pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx of eosinophilic esophagitis |
|
Definition
| diet modifications, corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| blockage of the intestine where the small intestine invaginates into another section of small bowel and telescopes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
early sxs = n/v (bile/green color)
late sxs = rectal bleeding (currant jelly stool mixed with mucous) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| retraction of right iliac fossa where the child brings his knees to his chest in pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prone xray shows minimal gas in the right abdomen and ascending colon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
barium or water soluble contrast enema
air insufflation
if caught late = surgery |
|
|
Term
| what is contraindicated if perforation is suspected with intussesception? |
|
Definition
| air insufflation and ememas |
|
|
Term
| 3 MC locations for foreign bodies to get lodged |
|
Definition
cricopharyngeal muscle
level of the aortic arch
LES at the diaphragm |
|
|
Term
| cough, stridor, odynophagia, retrosternal pain, increased salivation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what foreign body ingestions are a medical emergency? |
|
Definition
| batteries and sharp objects that might penetrate the mucosa |
|
|
Term
| the esophagus ends in a blind pouch rather than connected normally to the stomach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| esophageal atresia is often associated with |
|
Definition
| tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) |
|
|
Term
| complication associated with TEF and duodenal atresia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| excessive drooling, cough, sneezing, choking, cyanosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 types of esophageal atresia |
|
Definition
A (proximal esophageal atresion with distal fistula) = MC
B (esophageal atresia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emergency surgery, NPO, IVF |
|
|
Term
| supine and erect abdominal xray shows multiple (>6) gas fluid levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| abdominal pain, abdominal distention, vomiting, fecal vomiting, constipation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| often the first sx of cystic fibrosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tx for malrotation? |
|
Definition
| emergent surgical intervention |
|
|
Term
| classic features of intussesception (4) |
|
Definition
fever
intermittent colicky abd pain
currant jelly stools
sausage-like abdominal mass |
|
|
Term
| classic features of pyloric stenosis (3) |
|
Definition
projectile vomiting
olive shaped abdominal mass
hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis |
|
|
Term
| typical presentation of acute appendicitis |
|
Definition
| periumbilical pain that migrates to the RLQ, emesis usually follows, rather than precedes the onset of pain |
|
|
Term
| why is surgery necessary with appendicitis? |
|
Definition
| prevent risks of perforation and intra-abdominal abscess formation |
|
|
Term
| comfirmatory test for GERD |
|
Definition
| 24 hr pH probe measurements confirm the presence of abmonral acid in the esophagus |
|
|
Term
| how often should you feed formula: neonate, 2m, 3m |
|
Definition
neonate: q 2-3 hrs
2m: q 3-4 hrs
3m: q 4-6 hrs |
|
|
Term
| how much formula should you feed: 0-1wk, 1wk-1m, 1m-3m, 3m-6m |
|
Definition
0-1wk = 1-3 oz/feeding
1wk-1m = 3-4 oz/feeding
1m-3m = 4-6 oz/feeding
3m-6m = 6-8 oz/feeding
general rule = 2 plus the age of the infant in months until reaches 8oz |
|
|
Term
| deficiency of calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| deficiency of vitamin A leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vitamin C deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vitamin E deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
| hemolytic anemia, neuropathy |
|
|
Term
| vitamin K deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thiamin (vitamin B1) deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Niacin deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
| pellagra dematitis (sun-exp) |
|
|
Term
| riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
| angular stomatitis, cheilosis |
|
|
Term
| vitamin B6 deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
| anemia, dermatitis, neuropathy |
|
|
Term
| vitamin B12 deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| folate deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| biotin deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| essential fatty acid deficiency leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rash, growth failure, delayed sexual development |
|
|
Term
| conjunctvitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, preauricular LAD, low grade fever/malaise, generalized rash wth blanching, maculopapular lesions, morbilliform |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is adenovirus most contagious? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is adenovirus prevalent? |
|
Definition
| late winter thru early summer |
|
|
Term
fever, mild malaise, adenopathy, headache, sore throat, coryza.
distinct pinkish, red, fine maculopapular eruption begins on face and spreads cephalocaudally becoming generalized in 24 hrs then fades and completely clears in 72 hrs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| small reddish spots on the soft palate, seen on day 1 of the rash |
|
Definition
| Forchheimer spots, associated with Rubella |
|
|
Term
| when is Rubella most contagious? |
|
Definition
| from a few days before the rash to a few days after the rash |
|
|
Term
| can rubella cross the placenta? |
|
Definition
| yes - it's the R in TORCH |
|
|
Term
| when is rubeola most contagious? |
|
Definition
| 4 days before the rash and 4 days after the rash has resolved |
|
|
Term
fever, malaise, dry cough, coryza, conjuncitivitis.
blotchy, erythematous, blanching, maculopapular eruption that appears at the hairline and spreads cephalocaudally over 3 days ultimately involving the palms and soles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| OM, PNA, acute encephalitis |
|
|
Term
| tiny bluish white dots surrounded by red halos |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supportive
vaccination prevents disease if given to contacts within 72 hours
immune globulin will prevent or modify measles if given within 6 days |
|
|
Term
affects childen 6-36m, caused by HHV6
abrupt rise in temp, anorexia, irritability, exam shows no source of fever.
erythematous, maculopapular exanthem after fever subsides |
|
Definition
| Roseola Infantum (exanthem subitum) |
|
|
Term
exanthem begin on the face with large, bright red, erythematous patches appearing over both cheeks, warm non-tender, macular with circumscribed borders.
Facial lesions fade then a slightly raised lacy erythematous rash appears on the extensor surfaces of the extremities, then the flexor surfaces, buttocks, and trunk.
resolves in 3-7 days |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rash = discrete rose pink macules that begin on the trunk and spread rapidly to the extremities, neck, face, and scalp. May last several hours - 1-2 days before resolution |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causative agent of Erythema Infectiousum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are fever and constitutional sxs common with erythema infectiosum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a complication of erythema infectiosum in sickle cell pts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causative agent of infectious mononucleosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fever, fatigue, pharyngitis, LAD, splenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, positive hterophile antibody response |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prodrome of mono: fatigue, malaise, anorexia, fever, headache, sweats, chills. How long does it last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high fever, irritability, anorexia, mouth pain, copious drooling, small yellow ulceration with red halos (buccal/labial mucosa), may auto-innoculate other body parts, herpetic whitlow (lips, fingers, thumbs) |
|
Definition
| herpetic gingivostomatitis |
|
|
Term
| MC age for gianotti-crosti syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
crops of lesions appear abruptly
lesions are discrete, firm, lichenoid plaques with flat tops and range from 1-10mm in diameter.
papules can be flesh colored, pink, red, dusky, coppery, or purpuric.
distributed symmetrically over the extremities (includes palms and soles), buttocks & face, sparing trunk and scalp |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Koebner phenomenon is seen in conjuction with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is contraindicated in the tx of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| multi-system, tick-borne infection caused by Borrelia Burgdorferi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of rash is associated with Lyme disease? |
|
Definition
| erythema migrans (target shaped) |
|
|
Term
| neuro/CV manifestations of lyme disease |
|
Definition
aseptic meningitis
unilateral/bilateral facial nerve palsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
children > 8yo = doxycycline
adults, young children, pregnant/breast feeding women = amoxicillin, cefuroxime (Ceftin) |
|
|
Term
| exanthemous disease caused by Rickettsia Rickettsi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2/3 of cases of RMSF occur in who? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
fever, headache, anorexia, chills, N/V, abdominal pain
rash begins distally on the wrists, ankles, palms, and soles. Erythematous, blanching, fine, macular/maculopapular eruption. spreads centripetally and becomes petechial. Conjunctival erythema and photophobia are present with rash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| doxycycline BID until 3 days after the fever subsides |
|
|
Term
| Se of tetracycline, doxycycline |
|
Definition
| tooth discoloration, usually not seen if the child takes the med for 14 days or less |
|
|
Term
| causative agent of cat scratch disease |
|
Definition
| bartonella henselae - gram negative rickettsial bacterium |
|
|
Term
| aside from a cat scratch, what else can cause "cat scratch fever" |
|
Definition
| splinters, puncture wounds, dog scratches |
|
|
Term
| common ages for cat scratch fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when do you sxs of cat scratch fever begin? |
|
Definition
3-30 days after innoculation
red papules, or a series of papules at the site of innoculation, regional nodes are enlarged. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supportive
if not resolving = azithromycin |
|
|
Term
| what CHD are associated with Trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what CHD are associated with Marfan syndrome? |
|
Definition
| MVP, aortic aneurysm, aortic root dissection |
|
|
Term
| what CHD are associated with CHARGE syndrome? |
|
Definition
| ventricular, atrioventricular and atrial spectal defects |
|
|
Term
| what CHD are associated with Turner syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Coarctation of the Aorta, Bicuspid Aortic Valve |
|
|
Term
| What CHD is common in Noonan syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
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