Term
|
Definition
1. Gestational Endowments
2. Social Circumstances
3. Environmental Conditions
4. Behavioral Choices
5. Avaialability of Medical Care
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of people who have common characteristics (location, race, ethnicity, age, occupation, interest in particular problems or outcomes, or comon bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy can occur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| health status of a defined group of people and the actions and conditions to promote, protect and preserve their health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| health problems or issues which transcend national boundaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| health status or people who are not organized or have no identity as a group. |
|
|
Term
| Person health vs. Community health |
|
Definition
| Micro-level vs Macro Level |
|
|
Term
| Social and Cultural Factors |
|
Definition
-Beliefs, traditions and prejudices
-Economy
-Politics
-Religion
-Social Norms
-Socioeconomic Status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A process through which communities are helped to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources and in other ways develop and implement strategies for reaching their goals they have collectively set |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The resistance of a population to an infections agent based on the immunity a high proportion of individuals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Archeological evidence of community health activities dating back to 2000 B.C.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
demonstrates process of vaccinations: smallpox
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dispelled the Miasma Theory and interrupted a cholera epidemic by removing the water pump handle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| marked public era of public health |
|
|
Term
| New Deal, Polio Vaccine, and "The Jungle" |
|
Definition
| start of public health rise |
|
|
Term
Healthy Poeple 2020
(Four Goals) |
|
Definition
1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury and premature death
2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities and improve the health of all groups
3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
4. Promote quality of life, health development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Funding: Tax Dollars
Management: Government Officials
Example: Health and Human Services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Funding: Taxes, Private Donations
Managment: No govemernment supervision, but some health responsibilities
Ex. American Red Cross
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Funding: Private Donations or Membership Dues
Management: Private
Ex. March of Dimes
|
|
|
Term
| Four Levels of Government Health Agencies |
|
Definition
1. International
2. State
3. Local
4. National |
|
|
Term
| Largest Internation Health Agency |
|
Definition
| WHO-World Health Organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most widely recognized international governmental health organization
-6 regional offices
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Primary objective: attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health |
|
|
Term
| When was the American Red Cross opened and by who? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Law that enact program and money for tracking people that are exposed to toxins |
|
|
Term
Centers of Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) |
|
Definition
| Nations premiere health promotion, promotion, and preparedness agency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Can establish health regulations
-Provide link between federal and local health agencies
-Serve as conduits for federal funds aimed at local health departments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
take care of:
-restaurants
-public buildings
-public transportation inspections
-detection and reporting of certain diseases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 Key Questions of Epidemiology |
|
Definition
| "How many people are sick? Who is sick? When did they become sick? Where do they live?" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unexpectedly large number of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior or event in a particular population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Father of Medicine": first connected environment with disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease that occurs regularly in a poplation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outbreak over wide geographical area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| number of events in a given population or a given period of time or a given point in time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those susceptible to particular disease or condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Number of NEW cases of a disease in a population during a particular period of time, divided by the total number in the same population
-Important wiht ACCUTE diseases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Number of number of new and old cases in a given period of time, divided by total number in that population
-important with CHRONIC disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak: expressed as a percentage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| denominator includes the total population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to make comparisons of relative risks across groups and over time when groups differ in age structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| percentage of cases of a particular disease that result in death |
|
|
Term
| Proportionate Mortality Rate |
|
Definition
| percentage of overall mortality in a population that is attributable to a particular cause |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infectious diseases in which health officials request or require reporting |
|
|
Term
| MMWR or Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |
|
Definition
| Weekly Records of health officials |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Most reliable measure of population health statistics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Average number of years a person from a specific cohort is projected to live from a given point in time |
|
|
Term
| Years of potential life lost (YPLL) |
|
Definition
| number of years lost when death occurs before one's life expectancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| over a long period of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Test hypotheses about relationships between health problems and possible risk factors (looking for long term associations) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Carried out to identify cause of disease or determine effectiveness of vaccine, drug or procedure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cause of disease (ex. bacterial, fungus, virus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| susceptible person or organism invaded by an infection agent (You and I and animals) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| factors that inhibit or promote diease transmission |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| capability of a communicable agent to cause disease in a susceptible host |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Immediate transfer of disease agent like touching, biting, kissing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-involving an intermediate step
(ex. sneese, toilet seat, bathroom door handle, misquito, fly or tick) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seperation for the period of communicability or infected animals or person |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limitation of movement of well persons or animals that have been exposed to a communicable disease until the incubation period has passed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| planning for and taking action to prevent or forestall the onset of disease or health problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| effort to control disease in progress; taking action during an event |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| total elimination of disease from human population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Forestall onset of illness or injury during prepathogenesis period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early diagnosis and prompt treatment before disease becomes advanced and disability severe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aimed at rehabilitation following significant pathogenesis; retrain, reeducate, rehabilitate |
|
|
