Term
|
Definition
| Addressing a non-existent problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not addressing an existing problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the normal rate of a disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the rate of a disease shoots up far above the normal |
|
|
Term
| Three Characteristics of Epidemics |
|
Definition
| Contagious, little changes have big effects, big effects can happen suddenly (dramatic changes tip the scale) |
|
|
Term
| Three Rules of the Tipping Point |
|
Definition
| Law of the Few, the Stickiness Factor, the Power of Context |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tiny percentage of people do the majority of work. There are certain types of people who spread disease/whatever |
|
|
Term
| Types of people that facilitate epidemics (Law of the Few) |
|
Definition
| Connector, Maven, Salesmen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People with a knack for bringing the world together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People who aciculate knowledge. They are both experts and mentors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People who have the skills to persuade people who are unconvinced of what they are hearing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How something that is contagious is made memorable enough for someone to take action. Determines retention and comprehension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Epidemics are influenced by the situation and environment in which they operate. |
|
|
Term
| Social Determinants of health |
|
Definition
| the conditions in which people are born, raised, live and work that affect they're health. Main ones are poverty, education, employment, and treatment of women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A problem that has no technical solution. When a system is overworked, the beneficiaries of the system lose out only slightly while the system as a whole loses out a lot. It's not sustainable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a solution to a problem that only requires change in techniques of the natural sciences, demanding little or nothing in the way of change in human values or ideas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Social capital (social networks, norms, trusts) in America is declining and that will have implications on public health. |
|
|
Term
| Putnam's Robin Hood Index |
|
Definition
| how much would the rich need to give to the poor to make things equal? This measures how far apart a society is in terms of wealth which measures weakness of social ties. |
|
|
Term
| Wallack's definition of "media advocacy" |
|
Definition
| a strategic use of mass media to advocate a social policy or initiative. |
|
|
Term
| Harm Reduction Step Features (Glickman) |
|
Definition
| Pragmatism, humanistic approaches, don't focus on the criminal element of a behavior, cost-benefit analysis, peer based model, prioritization of goals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete physical, social, and mental well-being. Not the absence of infirmity or disease. |
|
|
Term
| What are things a member of a community might share? |
|
Definition
| Place, interests, characteristics, experiences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primary (before problems occur in order to prevent them from happening), secondary (early detection method. Cost-effective), and tertiary (treating a disease after it's already occurred to prevent further complications) |
|
|
Term
| Approaches/models of health promotion |
|
Definition
| Individual (preach behavior change to individuals. Active individual effort), environmental (try to change the conditions and causes of a problem. Passive individual effort), social ecological (combine individual and environmental moles. Active + passive) |
|
|
Term
| Social Ecological Model Levels |
|
Definition
| Individual, community, organizational/institutional, policy |
|
|
Term
| Wallack's Definition of Media Advocacy |
|
Definition
| The strategic use of mass media to advocate social policy or initiative. TArgets people who have the capability to make change. Comes from the power gap. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The use of mass media to influence/change the individual as an audience. Targets people who are at risk for the problem at hand. The goal is to communicate messages and bridge the information gap. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| problems that come from the inability for an individual to make social or political change in policies to address health issues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| problems that come from a lack of knowledge about health issues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and produce communication in various forms. |
|
|
Term
| Harm reduction (Glickman) |
|
Definition
| The idea that we should try to reduce the harm associated with risky behavior rather then try to encourage abstinence from that behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Complete physical, social, and mental well-being. Not the absence of infirmity or disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of people that shares a place, interests, characteristics, or experiences. |
|
|
Term
| Community health philosophy |
|
Definition
| Health risks are problems shared by a community and require a community response. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability of peole to gain understanding and control over personal, social, economic, and political forces that affect their lives. |
|
|
Term
| Name Stokol's standards for interventions |
|
Definition
| 1) Grounded in scientific research, 2) economically feasible, 3) likely to reach a large segment of the target populations, 4) unlikely to cause adverse side effects, 5) consistent with community priorities and commitments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| existence of health status differences within or between populations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an inequality that is avoidable, unnecessary, and unfair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prevention and treatment from a doctor on the individual level. Benefits are more measurable but it's a downstream solution. Uses magic bullets. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specific treatments that root out and destroy infecting microorganisms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Creation of conditions that keep people safe and a focus on health on the population level. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Social networks, norms, and trust that enables groups of individuals to cooperate in pursuing shared objects. Correlates with public health (thanks Kawachi!) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Number of new cases in a specific time period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The number of new cases plus the number of previous cases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The way in which something is presented. It's how you make what you think is the problem seem like the problem. |
|
|
Term
| Collective action framing |
|
Definition
| a way of framing a problem that causes people to take action |
|
|
Term
| Epidemiological Transition |
|
Definition
| as nations develop, life expectancy increases and deaths due to infectious illness gives way to deaths caused by chronic disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi |
|
|
Term
| Transport pathways for epidemics |
|
Definition
| Personal contact (direct or indirect), water, air, food |
|
|
Term
| Lindenmayer's Public Health Apporach Steps |
|
Definition
| Surveillance, risk factor identification, intervention evaluation, implementation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a previously unknown disease that has significantly increased in the past two decades. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A disease that was under control but no longer is. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disease we catch from animals That will be 3/4 of diseases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When regulatory authority is moved from local governments to state or federal governments. |
|
|
