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Communities and Ecosystems
Topic 5 IB 1
12
Biology
11th Grade
05/01/2013

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

Population

Definition

 

 

A group of organisms of the same species who live in the same area at the same time

Term



Community

Definition

 

 

A group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area

Term

 


Ecosystem

Definition

 

 

A community and its abiotic environment

Term



Define Ecology

(1 Point)

Definition

 

 

The study of relationships between living organisms and between organisms and their environment

Term

 

What is the difference between autotroph and heterotroph (2 Points)

Definition

 

An autotroph synthesizes its organic molecules from simple inorganic substances whereas a heterotroph obtains organic molecules from other organisms.

Term

 

What is the initial energy source for almost all communities (1 Point)

Definition

 


Light

Term


Construct a food web and label the trophic levels (3 Points)

Definition
[image]
Term



What is a trophic level (2 Points)

Definition
Each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy
Term
What is the difference between a consumer organism, a detritivore organism and a saprotroph organism (3 Points)
Definition
  • Consumers ingest other organic matter that is living or recently killed
  • Detritivores ingest non living organic matter
  • Saprotrophs live in non living organic matter, secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the products of digestion
Term


What is the energy loss in a food web

Definition

 

Energy loss happens between trophic levels where material not consumed or material not assimilated and heat loss through respiration occurs.

Term

 

What are 3 forms in which energy is lost between trophic levels (3 Points)

Definition
  • heat through cell respiration
  • faeces
  • tissue loss
  • death
Term
What are characteristics of Saprotrophic Bacteria and Fungi (decomposers) (5 Points)
Definition

 

* trapped within the bodies of dead organisms and feces are nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium etc.

* saprotrophs feed by secreting digestive enzymes onto dead bodies and fecal matter

* they gradually break down dead organisms and release minerals from bodies of dead organisms

* rainwater will leach these minerals into the soil making them available for use by plants

* they can then pass on up through the food chain

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