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| using someone’s name without consent for commercial purposes – the only privacy tort recognized in Virginia – look alikes, sound-alikes, advertisements. |
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| true facts portrayed inaccurately, distorted, or fictionalized. |
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| incitement by media (songs, books, magazines) |
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| rarely results in criminal charges. |
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1. appropriating the plaintiff's identity for the defendant's benefit
2. placing the plaintiff in a false light in the public eye
3. publicly disclosing private facts about the plaintiff
4. unreasonably intruding upon the seclusion or solitude of the plaintiff |
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| publication of private facts |
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| The requirement that the published private facts not be of legitimate public concern is both an element of the common law tort and a constitutional limitation imposed by the First Amendment. This limitation on the publication-of-private-facts tort protects “the right of the press to disseminate newsworthy information to the public.” A matter can be of legitimate public concern even though it concerns private individuals "'who have not sought publicity or consented to it, but through their own conduct or otherwise have become a legitimate subject of public interest.'" But there are limits as well to what matters are of legitimate public concern. |
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| if reasonable expectation of privacy, bugging, accompanying officials into private places (public spaces) |
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| is an area of tort law broadly divided into three groups: trespass to the person, trespass to chattels and trespass to land. |
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| is an arrangement for a civilian to spend a shift in the passenger seat of a police car. |
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| Journalists have no greater rights of access to information than non-journalists |
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1. classified secret matters or national defense or foreign policy.
2. international personnel rules and practices.
3.Information Specifically Exempted by Other Statutes
4.Trade Secrets, Commercial or Financial Information
5.Privileged Interagency or Intra-Agency Memoranda or Letters
6.Personal Information Affecting an Individual's Privacy
7. Investigatory Records Compiled for Law Enforcement Purposes
8.Records of Financial Institutions
9.Geographical and Geophysical Information Concerning Wells |
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