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Definition
| reading a presentation from written text |
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| delivering a presentation word for word from memory without using notes |
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| speaking "off the cuff" with no advance preparation |
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| this is the speaking style taught today in most public speaking classes and preferred by most audiences. when you speak this way you develop your presentation according to the various stages of the audience-centered public speaking model, stopping short of writing it out |
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| refers to an individual member of a general class |
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| appealing to one of the five senses and clearly communicating an image |
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| those words that do not offend, either intentionally or unintentionally, any sexual, racial, cultural, or religious groups--or any audience member who may belong to one of these groups |
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| These add color and interest to your language |
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| phrasing something in an unexpected way |
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| when you strip a phrase or sentence of nonessential words that the audience expects or with which they are so familiar that they will mentally fill them in |
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| reversing the normal order of words in a phrase or sentence |
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| saving a key word or phrase for the end of a sentence, rather than placing it at the beginning |
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| this occurs when two or more clauses or sentences have the same grammatical pattern |
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| similar to parallelism, except that the two structures contrast in meaning |
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| using this on a key word or phrase can add emphasis to an important idea and memorability to your message |
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Definition
| the repetition of an initial consonant sound several times in a phrase, clause, or sentence |
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| looking at your audience during your presentation |
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Definition
| gestures, movement, and posture are the three key elements |
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| the hand and arm movements you use while speaking |
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| refers to anything your audience can listen to or look at to help them understand your ideas |
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