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| Most frequently cited female scholar in communications who described theory as 'set of systematic hunches about the way things work' |
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| describes theory as 'an umbrella term for all careful, systematic, and self-conscious discussion and analysis of communication phenomena |
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| an exchange process of crafting and sending and interepreting messages that illicit a response |
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| a set of systematic hunches about the way things work |
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| a record of a message that can be analyzed by others |
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| a scholar who applies the scientific method to describe, predict, and explain recurring forms of behavior |
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| a scholar who studies the ways in which symbolic forms can be used to identify with people, or to persuade them toward a certain point of view |
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| states that every general comm theory has two priorities-effictiveness and participation |
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| Liberation from any form of political, economic, racial, religious or sexual oppression; empowerment |
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| the assumption that truth is singular and is accesible through unbiased sensory observation; uncovering cause-and-effect relationships |
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| assigning meaning or value to communicative texts; assumes that multiple meanings or truths are possible |
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| percieved competence and trustworthiness of a speaker or write that affects how the message is recieved |
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| a role relationship that affects self-image and attitudes ex-celebrity endorsement |
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| Burke's dramatistic pentad |
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| rhetorical criticism to analyze a speaker's persuasive strategy-act, scene, agent, agency, purpose |
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| study of what it's like to be another person in a specific time and place |
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| the study of origin, nature, method, and limits of knowledge |
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| behavior is caused by heredity and environment |
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| Simplest explanation is given |
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| The requirment that a scientific theory must be stated in such a way that it can be tested d disproved if it is indeed wrong |
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| A research method that manipulates a variable in a tightly controlled situation in order to find out if it has the predicted effect |
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| reseach method that uses questionaires and structured interviews to collect self-rported data that reflects what respondants think, feel, or intend to do. |
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| Self-referential imperative |
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| include yourself as a constituent of your own construct |
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| grant others that occur in your construction the same autonomy you practice constructing them |
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| Scholars who use theory to reveal unjust communication practices that create or perpetuate an imbalance of power |
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| a research method that describes and interprets the characteristics of any text |
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| a method of participant observation designed to help a researcher experience a culture's complex web of meaning |
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| Identified 7 established traditions of communicaion |
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| the study of information processing, feedback, and control in communication systems |
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| the art of using all available means of persuasion, focusing upon lines of argument, organization of ideas, language use and delivery in public speaking |
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| the study of verbal and nonverbal signs that can stand for something else, and how their interpretation impacts society |
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| words and non-verbal signs that bear no natural connection with the things they describe |
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| Sapir-whorf hypothesis of linguistic relativity |
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| the claim that the structure of a language shapes what people think and do; the social construction of reality |
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| the entertainment businesses that reproduce the dominant ideology of a culture and distract people from recognizing unjust distribution of power within society |
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| intentional anaylsis of everyday experience from the standpoint of the person who is living it |
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| an applied approach to knowledge; the philosophy that true understanding of an idea or situation has practical implications for action |
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| ◦The University of Chicago philosophy professor whose teachings were synthesized into the theory called symbolic interactionism. |
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| The ongoing use of language and gestures in anticipation of how the other will react; a conversation. |
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| ◦An inner dialogue used to test alternatives, rehearse action, and anticipate reactions before responding; self-talk. |
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| Taking the role of the other |
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| The process of mentally imagining that you are someone else who is viewing you. |
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| The mental image that results from taking the role of the other; the objective self; me. |
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| The spontaneous driving force that fosters all that is novel, unpredictable, and unorganized in the self. |
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| ◦The objective self; the image of self seen when one takes the role of the other |
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| The composite mental image a person has of his or her self based on community expectations and responses. |
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| A method of adopting the stance of an ignorant yet interested visitor who carefully notes what people say and do in order to discover how they interpret their world. |
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| The tendency for our expectations to evoke responses that confirm what we originally anticipated. |
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| Mead's chief disciple, this University of California, Berkeley, professor coined the term symbolic interactionism. |
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| ◦University of California, Berkeley, sociologist who developed the metaphor of social interaction as a dramaturgical performance. |
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| European Jewish philosopher who is responsible for the idea of the responsive “I” and the ethical echo |
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| the self created by the way we respond to others |
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| The reminder that we are responsible to take care of each other; I am my brother’s keeper |
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| ◦A human signpost that points to our ethical obligation to care for the other before we care for self. |
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| Barnett Pearce and Vernon Cronen |
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| believe that communication is the process by which we collectively create the events and objects of our social world |
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| an unwanted repetitive communication pattern |
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| converstation in which people speak in a manner that makes others want to listen, and listen in a way that makes others want to speak |
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| believe that people in conversation coconstruct their own social realities and are simultaneously shaped by the worlds they create |
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| M.C. Escher's creation to visualize the CMM theory |
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| get what you give, every action has a reaction |
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| the moral pressure a person feels to respond in a give way to what someone else has just said or done |
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| the rank order of the relative significans of contexts-episode, relationship, identity, and culture-that encompass a given story as an aid to interpret |
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| any verbal or nonverbal message as part of an interaction |
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| a 'nounable' sequence of speech acts wtih an beginning and end that are held together by story; an argument, interview, wedding, etc. |
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| the process by which persons collaborate in an attempt to bring into being their vison of what is necessary, noble, and good to preclude the enactment of what they hate fear or despise |
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| Cosmopolitan communication |
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| coordinate with others who have different back-grounds, values, and beliefs, without trying to change them |
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| idea of two types of relationships: I-it and I-thou |
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| a metaphor of I-thou living in the dialogic tension between ethical relativism and rigid absolutism; standing your ground while being profoundly open to the other |
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| a communication theorist at the University of California, Davis, who developed uncertainty reduction theory. |
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| As the founder of attribution theory, this psychologist argued that we constantly draw inferences about why people do what they do. |
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| ◦Increased knowledge of what kind of person another is that provides an improved forecast of how a future interaction will turn out. |
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| A self-evident truth that requires no additional proof |
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| Malcolm Parks and Mara Adelman |
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| Communication researchers from University of Washington and Seattle University, respectively, who have demonstrated that there is a relationship between shared communication networks and uncertainty reduction |
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| A proposition that logically and necessarily follows from two axioms. |
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| Mental representations of action sequences that may be used to achieve goals. |
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| Impression formation by observing a person interact with others |
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| Impression formation by asking a third party about a person |
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| Impression formation through face-to-face discussion with a person |
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| a characteristic of message plan based on the level of detail it provides and the number of contingencies it covers |
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| ◦Use of strategic ambiguity and humor to provide a way for both parties to save face when a message fails to achieve its goals |
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| The prediction that when people are thwarted in their attempts to achieve goals, their first tendency is to alter lower-level elements of their message |
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| ◦Late communication theorist from California State, Fullerton, who applied URT to intercultural settings, proposing AUM theory |
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| An intercultural theory that claims high levels of uncertainty and anxiety lead to greater misunderstanding when strangers don’t communicate mindfully. |
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| feeling of being uneasy, tense, worried, or apprehensive about what might happen |
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| ◦The extent to which a person interpreting a message does so in a way that’s relatively similar to what was intended; minimizing misunderstanding |
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| process of thinking in new categories, being open to new information, and recognizing multiple perspectives |
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| Kathy Kellermann and Rodney Reynolds |
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| Communication scholars from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and Pepperdine University, respectively, who have questioned the motivational assumption of Berger's axiom 3 and the claim that motivation to search for information is increased by anticipation of future interaction, incentive value, and deviance. |
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| a communication scholar from the University of Minnesota, Duluth, who believes that predicted outcome value more accurately explains communication in early encounters than does Berger's account of uncertainty reduction |
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| A forecast of future benefits and costs of interaction based on limited experience with the other |
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| Leslie Baxter and Barbara Montgomery |
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| Scholars from the University of Iowa and the University of New Hampshire, respectively, who champion the relational dialectics approach to close relationships. |
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| a communication scholar at Ohio University who studies the communicative predicaments of friendship |
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| A communication scholar at the University of South Florida who focuses on the complex contradictions within family systems. |
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| A dynamic knot of contradictions in personal relationships; an unceasing interplay between contrary and opposing tendencies |
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| o The ongoing tensions played out within a relationship, including integration-separtion, stability-change, and expression-nonexpression |
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| The ongoing tensions between a couple and their community, including inclusion-seclusion, conventionality-uniqueness, and revelation-concealment. |
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| A Russian intellectual who saw dialectical tension as the deep structure of all human experience. Baxter and Montgomery draw heavily on his work |
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| Communication that is constitutive, always in flux, capable of achieving aesthetic moments. |
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| Communication that is constitutive, always in flux, capable of achieving aesthetic moments. |
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| The unpredictable, unfinalizable, indeterminate nature of personal relationships. |
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| o A portion of multivocal communication that affects and is affected by one or more other voices in the conversation |
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| Switching back and forth between two contrasting voices, responding first to one pull, then the other |
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| A compartmentalization tactic by which partners isolate different aspects of their relationship |
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| an obligation to critique dominant voices, especially those that suppress opposing viewpoints; a responsibility to advocate for those who are muted |
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| a Swedish-born philosopher and ethicist who developed the principle of veracity |
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| Judging actions solely on the basis of their beneficial or harmful outcomes |
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| Truthful statements are preferable to lies in the absence of special circumstances that overcome their negative weight |
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