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Definition
a procedure that recognizes educational institutions or facilities
providing services to the public as maintaining and conforming to necessary standards. |
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| a procedure that grants legal permission for an individual to practice in a specific area, usually a profession, and affirms that standards have been met. |
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| a procedure by which an individual is affirmed as meeting a standard that is usually administered by a professional organization or governmental agency |
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| sometimes used as a synonym for impairment, and other times as a synonym for disability. Refers to any communication structure or function that is diminished to a significant degree. |
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| Certificate of Clinical Competence |
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Definition
| a certificate issued by ASHA in either speech-language pathology or audiology that affirms the individual has met the minimal standards for practice in the profession. |
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| unique area of study; compare with profession |
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| the principles of conduct that govern an individual or a group. ASHA has an official code of ethics, and members can be censured or they can lose their membership in the association for ethical violations. |
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| disorder with a known physical cause. |
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| disorder with no known physical cause |
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| disorder that occurs after speech and language skills have been developed. |
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| Making assessment and treatment decisions by integrating the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. |
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| a social, educational, or occupational disadvantage that is related to an impairment or disability. This disadvantage is often affected by the nature of the person’s impairment and by the attitudes and biases that may be present in the person’s environment |
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Definition
| any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. |
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| Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) |
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Definition
| A discipline that consists of two professions (speech-language pathology and audiology). The professions are composed of people who study the nature of communication and communication disorders and who assess and treat individuals with communication disorders. |
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| Continuing education units (CEUs) |
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Definition
| Documentation that affirms a professional person has engaged in new learning related to his or her area of practice that is often required for renewal of a license. |
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| Percentage of individuals in a population who demonstrates a disorder at a given point in time. |
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| a standardized set of symbols and the conventions for combining those symbols into words, phrases, and texts for the purpose of communicating thoughts and feelings. |
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| a variant of a phoneme that does not change meaning |
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| changes in pitch, stress, intensity, and duration of sounds during connected speech. |
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Definition
| conventions related to the use of language in various speaking situations. |
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Definition
babbled sequences in which the same syllable is repeated
(ba-ba) |
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Definition
| babbled sequences in which the syllable content varies. |
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Definition
| simplifications of adult-like productions of words. |
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| expressions that have both literal and figurative meanings |
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| knowledge of the sequence of sounds that make up words (soup starts with an “s”). |
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| the situation in which language is used, including the immediate environment of the speaker and listener and past experiences that each brings to the situation. |
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Definition
| In an episode, information about the actions that the main character takes to achieve his or her goal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Around the age of 7 months, infants start to use their voice to make syllable-like strings. |
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Definition
| Babbling in an adult-like intonation pattern. Sequences of syllables sound like statements or questions, but they contain few real words. |
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Definition
| the process of learning a second culture |
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| BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills) |
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Definition
| language proficiency at a level that requires low cognitive load in situations that are highly contextualized. |
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| CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency) |
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Definition
| language proficiency at a level that requires high cognitive load in situations that are decontextualized |
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| Circumstantial Bilinguist |
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Definition
| someone who becomes bilingual as a result of living in a bilingual environment. May come about due to forced migration or for economic reasons such as traveling to another country to find work |
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Definition
| variation of a language that is understood by all speakers of the “mother” language. May include sound, vocabulary, and grammatical variations. |
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Definition
| refers to a discrepancy between child socialization and expectations for the home language interactions and school language interactions. |
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Definition
| a second language is introduced after the primary language is established. |
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Definition
| two languages are acquired early in a person’s development. |
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| the degree to which one is able to interact with others following appropriate social norms |
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| The expectations of a specific language interaction. |
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| The legalized segregation (from about 1900 through the 1960s) barring African Americans from public and social interaction with whites. |
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Definition
| when the vocal folds come together. |
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Definition
| axonal fibers that conduct impulses toward the central nervous system. |
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Definition
| a group of subcortical structures that include the putamen, globus pallidus, and caudate that contribute to the control of motor behavior. |
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Definition
| as the velocity of airflow increases, pressure decreases with total energy remaining constant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Brodmann’s area 44 located on the third frontal gyrus anterior to the precentral face area |
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Term
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Definition
| overlapping of articulatory and acoustic patterns of speech production due to the anticipation or retention of a speech feature. |
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Definition
| fiber pathways joining the cerebral hemispheres |
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Definition
| conduction away from a central structure |
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Definition
| indirect motor pathway made up of networks of neurons. |
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Definition
| a resonance of the vocal tract |
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Definition
| the lowest frequency (first harmonic) of a complex periodic waveform |
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Definition
| support cells of the nervous system |
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Definition
| opening between the vocal folds |
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Definition
| folds of the cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency |
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Definition
| tissue coverings overlying the central nervous system |
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Definition
| white fatty covering of an axon |
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Definition
| the intonation and rhythm of a spoken language |
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Definition
| major motor pathway from cerebral cortex to brainstem and spinal cord |
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Definition
| mechanically neutral position of the respiratory system |
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Definition
| fissure that divides posterior frontal lobe from anterior parietal lobe |
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Definition
| an acoustic theory of speech production that states a sound energy source is modified by the filter characteristics of the vocal tract. |
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Definition
| furrows of the cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| horizontal fissure superior to the temporal lobe. |
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Definition
| structure located at either side of the third ventricle; responsible for sensorimotor integration and sensory projection to the cerebral cortex. |
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Definition
| posterior part of first temporal gyrus important for auditory processing and comprehension |
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