What is the concept of ORM?

OPNAVINST 3500.39B

A) Is a decision making tool used by personnel at all levels

to increase operational effectiveness by identifying, assessing,

and managing risks. By reducing the potential for loss, the

probability of a successful mission is increased.

B)  Increases our ability to make informed decisions by

providing a formal operational risk management process.

C) Minimizes risks to acceptable levels, commensurate with

mission accomplishment. The amount of risk we will accept in war

is much greater than what we should accept in peace, but the

process is the same. Correct application of the ORM process will

reduce mishaps and associated costs resulting in more efficient

use of resources.

Explain the following as they apply to ORM:

A) Identifying Hazards

B) Assing Hazards

C) Making Risk Decisions

D) Implementing Controls

E) Supervising

OPNAVINST 3500.39B

Identify Hazards (Step 1)

- Begin with an outline or chart of the major steps in the operation (operational analysis).  Next, conduct a Preliminary Hazard Analysis by listing all of the

hazards associated with each step in the operational analysis

along with possible causes for those hazards.

Assess Hazards (Step 2)

- For each hazard identified, determine the associated degree of risk in terms of probability and severity. Although not required, the use of a matrix may be

helpful in assessing hazards described further in paragraph 6c.

Make Risk Decisions (Step 3)

- First, develop risk control options. Start with the most serious risk first and

select controls that will reduce the risk to a minimum consistent with mission accomplishment. With selected controls in place, decide if the benefit of the operation outweighs the risk. If risk outweighs benefit or if assistance is required to implement controls, communicate with higher authority in the chain of

command.

Implement Controls (Step 4)

- The following measures can be used to eliminate hazards or reduce the degree of risk. These are listed by order of preference:

  (1) Engineering Controls

  - Controls that use engineering methods to reduce risks by design, material  selection or substitution when technically or economically feasible.

  (2) Administrative Controls

  - Controls that reduce risks through specific administrative actions, such as:

  (a) Providing suitable warnings, markings, placards, signs, and notices.

  (b) Establishing written policies, programs instructions and standard operating   procedures (SOP).

  (c) Training personnel to recognize hazards and take appropriate precautionary measures.

  (d) Limiting the exposure to a hazard (either by reducing the number of assets or personnel, or the length of time personnel are exposed).

  (3) Personal Protective Equipment

  - Serves as a barrier

  between personnel and a hazard. It should be used when other controls do not reduce the hazard to an acceptable level.

Supervise (Step 5)

-Conduct follow up evaluations of the controls to ensure they remain in place and have the desired effect. Monitor for changes, which may require further ORM.  Take corrective action when necessary.

Discuss the instruction that governs safety and mishap reporting.

OPNAV INSTRUCTION 5102.1D

OPNAV INSTRUCTION 5102.1D-

NAVY AND MARINE CORPS MISHAP AND SAFETY INVESTIGATION REPORTING AND RECORD KEEPING MANUAL

Purpose- To issue a single policy directive for mishap and safety investigation reporting and record keeping by all Navy and Marine Corps commands, activities, units, installations and facilities. This instruction is a complete revision and should be reviewed in its entirety.

Define Hazard Severity and discuss the 4 categories of hazard severity.

OPNAVINST 3500.39B

Hazard Severity - An assessment of the worst credible consequence that can occur as a result of a hazard. Severity is defined by potential degree of injury, illness, property damage, loss of assets (time, money, personnel) or effect on mission. The combination of two or more hazards may increase the overall

level of risk. Hazard severity categories are assigned as Roman numerals according to the following criteria:

Category I - The hazard may cause death, loss of facility/asset or result in grave damage to national interests.

Category II - The hazard may cause severe injury, illness, property damage, damage to national or service interests or degradation to efficient use of assets.

Category III - The hazard may cause minor injury, illness, property damage, damage to national, service or command interests or degradation to efficient use of assets.

Category IV - The hazard presents a minimal threat to personnel safety or health property, national, service or command interests or efficient use of assets.

Define Mishap Probability and describe the 4 subcategories of mishap probability.

OPNAVINST 3500.39B