Term
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Definition
1. understand complexity of cultural values that influence masculinity, feminity, men and women
2. understand how we become gendered |
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Term
| Gender as process, stratification, structure |
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Definition
process:
a. ascribed-how others assign us gender
b. avowed-how we think of selvs
stratification: centralizes power
(gendered ideology: construction of symbols and images that explain, express reinforce and oppose gender division)
structure: society and institutions built upon gender ranking. social institution, culturally specific) |
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Term
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Definition
-focus on language
-focus on social truths
-construction and maintenance of gender
contingency of truths |
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Term
| Campbell's 7 characteristics |
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Definition
-power
-problem-solving
-public
-propositional
-pragmatic
-poetic
-powerful |
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Term
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Definition
biological characteristics are basis of gender diffs
-chromosomes, hormonal activity, brain/structure development |
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Term
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Definition
-psychodynamic theories assume relationships are central to human development
-mothers closer to daughters |
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Term
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Definition
-emphasize influence of imitation on gender; reward and punishment
-social learning theory
-cognitive development theory-how we learn from interactions with others to define selves and gender
-gender constancy: when children realize gender won't change |
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Term
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Definition
-symbolic interactionism: learn who we are and how culture views identity through comm.
-responses from parents and teachers
-play activities
-external and internal expectations of roles
-help understand social expectations |
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Term
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Definition
-standpoint theory: societies grouped into social hierarchies; group membership shapes how we view world
-social location: socio-economic class
queer theory: critiques conventional categories of identity and cultural views of normal and abnormal. identities fluid.
performative theory: we generate identities
queer performative theory: questions power gender boxes create; destabilize categories |
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Term
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Definition
sex--> gender -> sexual desire
sex -> cisgender -> heterosexual
deviations:
sex -> transgender
sex -> cisgender -> LGB
sex -> transgender -> LGB
sex -> genderqueer -> queer |
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Term
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Definition
-agrarian
-womens role domestic; husband's public
-woman subservient to husband |
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Term
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Definition
-colonial era (helpmeet)
-ornamental ideal
revolutionary era:
-republican womanhood merged values (coffee, not tea)
-motherhood central to building nation; civic identity
mid 19 century:
-true womanhood and cult of domesticity
4 cardinal virtues:
-domesticity
-piety
-purity
-submissiveness |
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Term
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Definition
1. lack of equal education
-fears of giving women power that accompanies knowledge
-education on domestic arts
-equal ed became first major reform effort
2. legal condition of women
-father's to husband's ownership (femme covert)
-no court, custody or free divorce |
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Term
| women shouldnt public-speak bc: |
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Definition
1. theological-bible, new testament
2. biological-reproduction, menstruation shrouded in mystery. smaller brains. ed will dry up womb.
3. sociological tradition: way it's always been; myths about sexuality |
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Term
| Rhetorical strategies in 1800s |
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Definition
-fighting to speak (scripture)
-indirect arguments
-feminine style
-traditional argumentative and stylistic strategies-humor, refutation, authoritative, colloquial |
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Term
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Definition
abigail adams: appealed to john to "remember the ladies"
mary wollstonecraft: vindication of rights of women
frances wright: first 4th of july speech; radical
maria miller stewart: black, spoke to mixed race and gender audiences
frances willard: president womens christian temperance union (home protection, holy war) |
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Term
| First womens rights conventions |
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Definition
seneca falls, 1848
-conceived in london in 1840 by EC stanton; SB anthony, lucretia mott
-many conventions followed |
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Term
| womanhood, personhood claims in 1800s |
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Definition
-moral, aesthetic superiority of women
-difference
-celebrate domesticity
-influence on home education
opposing:
-equality, natural rights
-common humanity
-enlightenment ideals |
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Term
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Definition
| lily, una, revolution, woman's journal |
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Term
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Definition
1. women lack physical power to enforce vote
2. vote would have coarsening effect (man-ish) |
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Term
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Definition
mid 1800s
-national union womens suffrage societies, womens social and political union
-emmeline and christabel pankhurst founded WSPU 1803. deeds not words |
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Term
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Definition
1890 merged into NAWSA
1913 NWP Alice Paul, Lucy Burns
-new woman ideology
-silent sentinels
-rhetorical presidency (militant AND feminine women) |
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Term
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Definition
-land ownership, through early 1800s
-genteel patriarch
-heroic artisan (shopkeeper, farmer, craftsman)
-more equality when settling land |
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Term
| Industrial era masculinity |
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Definition
crisis of manhood; need for craft
self-made man
-family community -> self
-volatile marketplace; personal wealth and achievements
true manhood:
-gentility, respectability
-emotional strength and restraint on impulses
-middle class white men |
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Term
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Definition
challenge self-made man bc women enter workforce, immigration and depression, reconstruction
-physical power, attack anything feminine, rugged
-cowboy, frontiersman
-teddy roosevelt
-boy scouts formed 1910 to raise sons in new manhood |
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Term
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Definition
-alternative masculinity
-embraced female sexual autonomy
-worked for gender justice and equality
-mens' league for womens suffrage |
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Term
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Definition
-postwar fears of sexual chaos
-depression and WWII
anxiety abouts womens economic power
-gendered ideologies w/ cold war ideology
development of maturity discourse |
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Term
| breadwinner gender failure |
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Definition
-immature
-not fully masculine
-momism
-homosexuality anxiety
grey flannel rebel: job, marriage, but discontent with conformity
-inner directed people: leaders
-outer directed people: followers
-scapegoated women |
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Term
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Definition
-response to gray flannel rebelism
-had job but not wife
-challenged breadwinner and conformity in marriage
response:
capitalism: still buying stuff!
reclaim fun, redefine adult life
love women, dont like wives |
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Term
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Definition
-allied with feminist groups and ideals
-egalitarian
-beyond restrictions of gender ideals
NOMAS, WRC, MVP |
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Term
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Definition
-reject feminism
-need to reclaim masculinity through nature, religion
-disparage male feminists, gays
-Free Men
-Mythopoetic Men
-Promise Keepers |
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Term
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Definition
-wartime expansion of womens public and political roles
-postar sexual containment
-housewife
revalorization of domestic sphere
conformity
consumption
Betty Friedan-new rights womens activism. the feminine mystique. womens right but homophobic. |
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Term
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Definition
radical: women should extricate from system (womanhood)
liberal
lesbian: compounded challenges; homophobia used as antifeminist weapon
multiracial feminism: women worked with gay rights and across racial lines |
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Term
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Definition
response to womens rights in 60s and 70s
-blame dissatisfaction on feminism
-new terms: biological clock, mommy track
second wave antifeminism:
-total woman
-fascinating womanhood
-stop ERA |
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Term
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Definition
1980s
-surrendered wives
-war against boys (sommers)
-build coalitions
-integrate theory into everyday practice
-political is personal
-media savvy
-aesthetics and consumerism |
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Term
| womens lib rhetoric substantive features |
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Definition
-challenging gender ideologies
-involve moral conflict
-raise consciousness to create audience |
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Term
| womens lib rhetoric stylistic features |
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Definition
-affirming affective-womens emotional experiences
-validity of personal experience
-supporting value of dialogue
-goal of self determination
-violate reality structure
-personal is political-publicized experiences |
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