Term
| Symbolic Interaction Theory |
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Definition
explain how humans' interactions with one another create symbolic worlds and how these worlds affect behavior.
-people act based on meanings
-meaning created thru social interaction
-meaning modified thru interpretive process
-created meaning affects behavior |
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Term
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Definition
-Mind: people's ability to use symbols that have common social meanings. thru language, we share meanings and anticipate responses of others. mind reflects and creates society and leads to role-taking.
-Self: ability to reflect on ourselves from position of others.
looking glass self: self concept develops from others feedback
pygmalion effect: we become the labels others assign us
Society: web of social relationships humans create. born into it. generalized and particular others. |
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Term
| SIT Metatheoretical assumptions |
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Definition
HUMANISTIC!!!
Ontological:
choice-yes.
experience: social.
context: matters. |
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Term
| Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) |
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Definition
goal: explain how people co-create meaning in conversation
-what happens in convo as result of following rules
-meaning constantly coordinated
organize meaning hierarchically and temporally |
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Term
CMM cont'd
Hierarchy of Meaning |
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Definition
1. content-what is being said
2. speech acts-what we mean when we say something
3. contract-relationship between the 2 people
4. episodes-punctuate transactions with beginning and end
5. life scripts
6. cultural patterns
coordination depends on:
a. sense of morality
b. resources-stories, themes we use to interpret meaning
c. following rules |
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Term
| CMM evaluation and metatheoretical |
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Definition
-too broad
-inconsistent
*correspondence
*ethical
*cognition, thought, perception
HUMANISTIC!
ont: choice, social, context
epis: humanistic
ax: value-free |
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Term
| Cognitive Dissonance Theory |
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Definition
Goals: to explain what happens when people experience inconsistent beliefs and behaviors and how this leads to attitude change. Predicts attitude change.
Concepts:
-consonance
-dissonance
-irrelevance
-people strive to be consistent in thoughts
-inconsistency creates tension which is unpleasant
-tension provides motivation to restore consistency
-motivation to restore consistency will only occur with awareness of inconcsistency
-consistency is cognitive |
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Term
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Definition
to decrease dissonance:
1. reduce disssonance
a. change behaviors
b. change attitudes
2. avoid info that increases dissonance
-selective exposure
-selective attention
-selective interpretation
-selective retention |
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Term
| CDT Evaluation and metatheoretical assumptions |
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Definition
-counter intuitive-people believe strongly even when wrong
-testability
-some other theories explain same phenomenon
SOCIAL SCIENTIFIC!
ont: no choice, individ, no context
epis: empirical
ax: value-free |
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Term
| Expectancy Violations Theory |
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Definition
To predict what happens when people's expectations for non verbal behavior are violated in convo
proxemic zones
territoriality-primary, secondary, public
-comm driven by expectations
-expectations are learned
-people make predictions about nonverbal behavior |
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Term
| EVT Concepts and Explanation |
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Definition
-proxemic zones
-expectancy violations
-arousal
-threat threshhold-level of tolerance in any situatioj
-violation valence-how we perceive violation
-communicator reward valence
-ppl hold expectations about nonverbal behavior
-violations are arousing and ambiguous
-interpret meaning to reduce ambiguity
-how we interpret EV depends on comm. reward valence
-comm liking--> view communicator + and vice versa |
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Term
| EVT Evaluation and Metatheoretical |
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Definition
scope and boundaries are clear
valid
testable
heuristic
doesn't address cultural proxemic zones |
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Term
| Uncertainty Reduction Theory |
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Definition
-to explain how uncertainty in initial encounters between strangers is reduced by comm.
-to predict comm. behavior in strangers' initial encounters
Concepts: 1. cognitions
2. uncertainty-cognitive and behavioral
Assumptions:
-experience uncertainty and attempt to decrease tension
-concerned with reducing uncertainty in initial encounters
-reduce uncertainty thru interpersonal comm.
-amount of info people share changes over time
-LAW LIKE |
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Term
URT
when are we motivated to reduce uncertainty?
Reduction Strategies |
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Definition
1. when potential to reward or punish
2. when other behaves contrary to expectations
3. when future interaction expected
-passive
-interactive
-active
-uncertainty acceptance (established rltnships) |
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Term
| URT Evaluation and Metatheoretical |
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Definition
Ont: no choice, context matters
Epis: empirical
-validity
-utility
-scope |
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Term
| Social Penetration Theory |
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Definition
Goal: explain how relational closeness develops
social pen.-process of relational bonding whereby people move from superficial comm. to more intimate comm. |
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Term
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Definition
1. relationships:
-progress from non-intimate
-move systematically and predictably
-include depentration and dissolution
2. Self Disclosure
-breadth-number of topics we discuss
-depth
-SD leads to vulnerability, and we must trust
-SD reciprocal in early stages
Dyadic uniqueness-own comm. patterns in rltnships |
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Term
| SPT Evaluation and Metatheoretical |
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Definition
-parsimonious
-heuristic
-valid
-too simplistic; limited scope
-too much emphasis on SD
ont: SD is choice, but rltnships have systematic progress.
epis: social scientific |
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Term
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Definition
-explain how people evaluate rltnships (think in economic terms and of rewards)
-to PREDICT whether people will stay in rltnships
Assumptions:
-People seek rewards and avoid punishments
-humans are rational
-standards for evaluating costs and rewards vary
-rltnships interdependent
Expl:
-look to CL to determine satisfaction
-if not satisfied, look to CLalts |
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Term
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Definition
-rewards
-costs
-worth=rewards-costs
-CL-standard for acceptable rewards and costs
-CLalts-view alts to current rltnship |
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Term
| SET Evaluation and Metatheoretical |
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Definition
-Heuristic
-limited scope
-testable?
Ont: no choice (?)
social, no context |
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Term
| Relational Dialectics Theory |
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Definition
to explain dialectical tensions within relationships
Assumptions:
-rltnships not linear, contrary to SPT
-relational life characterized by change
-contradictions fundamental to relational life
-comm. central to negotiating relational contradictions |
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Term
| RDT Concepts and Strategies |
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Definition
Concepts:
-totality-people in rltnships interdependent
-contradiction-dialectics result of opposition
-motion-tensions changing and moving
-praxis: people choice and choice limits choices
-autonomy and connection
-openness and protection
-novelty and predictability
-cyclic alternation-diff poles at diff times
-segmentation-diff poles in diff contexts
-selection-pretend other pole doesn't exist
-integration: neutralizing, reframing, disqualifying |
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Term
| RDT Evaluation and Metatheoretical |
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Definition
-heuristic
-valid
-too parsimonious
-doesn't predict well
Ont: choice, social, contextual
Epis: Social Scientific
(in middle of continuum, a little more SS) |
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